turn

英 [tɜːn] 美 [tɜːrn]

• v. 翻转；旋转；转动；转向；轮流；（使）变得
• n. 轮流；转动

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. (使)转动,旋转

   cause to move round a point

2. vt. & vi. (使)改变方向,(使朝某个方向)转弯

   (cause to) change position or direction so as to face or start moving in the specified direction

3. vt. 瞄准,指向

   aim or point (sth) in the specified direction

4. vt. (使)折起,(使)翻转

   (cause to) move so as to face in a different direction

5. vt. & vi. (使)变为,(使)成为

   (cause sb/sth to) become

6. vt. 达到,超过

   reach or pass

7. vt. & vi. (使)变酸

   (cause sth to) become sour

8. vt. & vi. (使)不适,作呕,恶心

   (cause sth to) have a sick feeling

n. (名词)

1. [C]转动,旋转

   act of turning sth/sb round; turning movement

2. [C]方向的改变,转折,转折点

   change of direction; point at which this occurs

3. [C]发展变化,新趋势

   development or new tendency in sth

4. [S]机会; 顺次

   a place or an appointed time in a fixed order, that gives one the chance or duty to do sth

5. [S]惊吓,震惊

   nervous shock

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 翻转，旋转，使转向，转动，翻（书页），转
2. 使变质，使变酸
3. 超过
4. 倾倒
5. 作呕
6. 使弯曲
7. （使）变得，改变，转变
8. 求教，求助
9. 转而反对，变得敌对
10. （使）变色
11. 使对着，对准
12. 使错乱，发生错乱
13. （使）成为
14. 兑换
15. 翻译
16. 改写
17. 驱赶
18. 打发
19. 使具有优美形式
20. 转移
21. 转身攻击，突然袭击
22. 改变信仰
23. 变钝
24. 转身，翻身
25. 关掉
26. 转弯
27. 翻倒
28. 扭转（身体部位），翻动， 把…翻过来
29. 改变方向
30. 朝着，向…方向
31. 开始涨

n. 名词

1. 变化，转变
2. 转向，转弯
3. 特色，才能
4. 措词
5. 气质
6. 折回
7. 弯曲部分
8. 一次机会
9. 走的一圈，兜一圈
10. 短时间的一阵
11. 素质
12. <主英>一个节目
13. <英>一个班次
14. 发作
15. 形状，样子

英英释义

Noun:

1. a circular segment of a curve;

   "a bend in the road"
   "a crook in the path"
   

2. the act of changing or reversing the direction of the course;

   "he took a turn to the right"
   

3. (game) the activity of doing something in an agreed succession;

   "it is my turn"
   "it is still my play"
   

4. an unforeseen development;

   "events suddenly took an awkward turn"
   

5. a movement in a new direction;

   "the turning of the wind"
   

6. the act of turning away or in the opposite direction;

   "he made an abrupt turn away from her"
   

7. turning or twisting around (in place);

   "with a quick twist of his head he surveyed the room"
   

8. a time for working (after which you will be relieved by someone else);

   "it's my go"
   "a spell of work"
   

9. (sports) a division during which one team is on the offensive

10. a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program;

    "he did his act three times every evening"
    "she had a catchy little routine"
    "it was one of the best numbers he ever did"
    

11. a favor for someone;

    "he did me a good turn"
    

12. taking a short walk out and back;

    "we took a turn in the park"
    

Verb:

1. change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense;

   "Turn towards me"
   "The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face"
   "She turned from herself and learned to listen to others' needs"
   

2. undergo a transformation or a change of position or action;

   "We turned from Socialism to Capitalism"
   "The people turned against the President when he stole the election"
   

3. undergo a change or development;

   "The water turned into ice"
   "Her former friend became her worst enemy"
   "He turned traitor"
   

4. cause to move around or rotate;

   "turn a key"
   "turn your palm this way"
   

5. change to the contrary;

   "The trend was reversed"
   "the tides turned against him"
   "public opinion turned when it was revealed that the president had an affair with a White House intern"
   

6. pass to the other side of;

   "turn the corner"
   "move around the obstacle"
   

7. pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become;

   "The weather turned nasty"
   "She grew angry"
   

8. let (something) fall or spill from a container;

   "turn the flour onto a plate"
   

9. move around an axis or a center;

   "The wheels are turning"
   

10. cause to move around a center so as to show another side of;

    "turn a page of a book"
    

11. to send or let go;

    "They turned away the crowd at the gate of the governor's mansion"
    

12. to break and turn over earth especially with a plow;

    "Farmer Jones plowed his east field last week"
    "turn the earth in the Spring"
    

13. shape by rotating on a lathe or cutting device or a wheel;

    "turn the legs of the table"
    "turn the clay on the wheel"
    

14. change color;

    "In Vermont, the leaves turn early"
    

15. twist suddenly so as to sprain;

    "wrench one's ankle"
    "The wrestler twisted his shoulder"
    "the hikers sprained their ankles when they fell"
    "I turned my ankle and couldn't walk for several days"
    

16. cause to change or turn into something different;assume new characteristics;

    "The princess turned the frog into a prince by kissing him"
    "The alchemists tried to turn lead into gold"
    

17. accomplish by rotating;

    "turn a somersault"
    "turn cartwheels"
    

18. get by buying and selling;

    "the company turned a good profit after a year"
    

19. cause to move along an axis or into a new direction;

    "turn your face to the wall"
    "turn the car around"
    "turn your dance partner around"
    

20. channel one's attention, interest, thought, or attention toward or away from something;

    "The pedophile turned to boys for satisfaction"
    "people turn to mysticism at the turn of a millennium"
    

21. cause (a plastic object) to assume a crooked or angular form;

    "bend the rod"
    "twist the dough into a braid"
    "the strong man could turn an iron bar"
    

22. alter the functioning or setting of;

    "turn the dial to 10"
    "turn the heat down"
    

23. direct at someone;

    "She turned a smile on me"
    "They turned their flashlights on the car"
    

24. have recourse to or make an appeal or request for help or information to;

    "She called on her Representative to help her"
    "She turned to her relatives for help"
    

25. go sour or spoil;

    "The milk has soured"
    "The wine worked"
    "The cream has turned--we have to throw it out"
    

26. become officially one year older;

    "She is turning 50 this year"
    

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. The turbulence caused the plane to turn over.
   空气的激流导致飞机翻转。
2. Men carried corpses in blankets away from the scene and a dozen others tried to turn over a car with two bodies beneath.
   搬运工把用毯子盖着的尸体搬离现场，另有十多人试图翻转汽车，搬出下面的两具尸体。
3. At each turn the screw goes in further.
   每一次旋转都使螺丝钉更向里进。
4. She got up and spun a little turn.
   她站起身来，打了个小旋转。
5. The earth turns round the sun.
   地球绕日运行。
6. The river turns north at this point.
   这条河从这里转向北方。
7. Nothing will ever turn him from his purpose.
   什么也不能使他改变目标。
8. The students clean the classroom everyday in turn.
   学生们每天轮流打扫教室。

用作名词 (n.)

1. It is now his turn to set me up to a nice dinner.
   现在轮到他请我吃一顿丰盛的晚餐了。
2. Hold the strap, please. I am making a turn now.
   请抓牢皮带。我现在要转弯了。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. This tap won't turn.
   这龙头拧不动。
2. I pressed the button and the lathe began to turn.
   我一按按钮,机床就开始转动起来。
3. The stock market turned sharply.
   股票市场情况急转。
4. He turned and faced her.
   他转过来面对着她。
5. They turned and ran.
   他们转过去就逃跑了。
6. The tide is turning, we'd better get back.
   涨潮了,咱们最好回去吧。
7. My head is turning.
   我头昏。
8. At the sight of blood her stomach turned.
   她看到血就感到恶心。
9. The lead pipe has turned from pressure.
   铅管因重压而弯曲了。
10. The blade of the knife turned in honing.
    磨刀时刀口卷了。
11. The knife's edge had turned.
    刀口已变钝。

用作系动词

S+～+ n.

1. He used to be a linguist till he turns writer.
   他过去是个语言学家,后来成了作家。

S+～+ adj.

1. Maple trees turn crimson in autumn.
   枫叶在秋天变成深红色。
2. The willow twigs swaying in the breeze were turning green.
   在微风中摇曳的柳枝正在转青。
3. It was cloudy this morning, but fortunately it has turned fine.
   今天早上是阴天,幸好已经转晴了。
4. When she saw this, she turned red.
   看到这个,她脸红了。
5. His face turned deathly pale.
   他的脸色变得惨白。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. What turns the wheel?
   什么使轮子转动?
2. He turned the screw tight.
   他把螺丝拧紧。
3. Shut the door and turn the bolt.
   请关上门,把门闩拧过来。
4. He turned his head and looked at me.
   他转过头来看着我。
5. He turned his horse and rode away.
   他拨转马头就走了。
6. She turned the steering wheel sharply to the left to avoid a cyclist.
   她向左急打方向盘,以避开一个骑自行车的人。
7. Their votes turned the election.
   他们投的票改变了选举的形势。
8. He was eager to get home and begin turning his ground.
   他恨不得赶快回到家,马上开始翻地。
9. The farmer turned the seeds under with a plow.
   农夫用犁把种子翻下去。
10. His wife turned his shirt collars when they get frayed.
    他的衬衣领磨破的时候,他妻子就给他翻个面。
11. He was idly turning the pages of a magazine.
    他在无聊地翻看一本杂志。
12. He could turn a bar of steel.
    他能把钢条扭弯。
13. She turned her ankle while ice-skating.
    她滑冰时扭伤了脚踝。
14. This hard wood turns the edge of the saw.
    这种坚硬的木料使锯卷齿。
15. It turned the edge of his arguments.
    那使他的论锋不锐了。
16. She turned a pirouette on the ice.
    她在冰上做了个单足旋转动作。
17. The little girl turned a neat circle on the ice.
    小女孩在冰上精巧地转了一个圈。
18. It has just turned twelve.
    刚到12点。
19. She turned seventeen the day she graduated.
    她毕业那天满17岁。
20. Frost turns the leaves early.
    霜冻使树叶很早就变色了。
21. The hot weather turned the meat.
    天热使肉变坏了。
22. The hot weather has turned the milk.
    天热使牛奶变质了。
23. He was turning wood on a lathe.
    他正在车床上削木料。
24. The stink of the rotten fish turned my stomach.
    腐烂的鱼臭味使我恶心。
25. Sorrow has turned her brain.
    忧伤使得她精神错乱。
26. Too much praise turned his head.
    过多的表扬冲昏了他的头脑。
27. He turned the question every way but could find no answer.
    他从各个方面考虑过这个问题,可是没有找到答案。
1
28. His mind was turned by his losses.
    他因受了损失而心绪不宁。
29. His head was not turned with success.
    他没有被成功冲昏头脑。

用作宾补动词

S+～+ n./pron. + adj.

1. Fear turned her pale.
   恐惧使她脸色苍白。
2. Worry turned the poor old man's hair grey.
   忧虑使那位可怜的老人的头发白了。
3. The north wind turned the leaves yellow.
   北风使树叶变黄了。
4. The last light of the setting sun turned the entire sky red.
   落日的余晖把整个天空映得通红。
5. Turn the prisoners loose.
   释放这些囚犯。
6. Who turned those children loose in my kitchen with my cooking things?
   是谁让那些孩子在我厨房里乱动炊具的?
7. It would be irresponsible to turn such a man loose on society.
   把这样的人放在社会上不加管束是不负责任的。
8. We turned the dog loose.
   我们把狗放掉了。

其他

v -ed as o-Compl.

1. I had my old suit turned.
   我让人把我的旧衣服翻新了。

v -ing as Attrib.

1. His induction as a teacher was a turning point in his life.
   他就任教师工作是他一生的转折点。

用作名词 (n.)

1. Each turn of the wheels brought them nearer home.
   车轮每转一圈使他们离家更近一些。
2. He gave the handle a turn.
   他转动一下把手。
3. This loose screw needs a turn or two.
   这只松动的螺钉需要旋动一两下。
4. How many turns are necessary?
   需要转动多少次?
5. Don't take the turn too fast.
   转弯别太快。
6. He made an about turn.
   他向后转。
7. He took a sudden turn to the left.
   他突然向左转弯。
8. The path before us is full of twists and turns.
   我们面前的道路是曲折的。
9. Things took a new turn.
   局面焕然一新。
10. Matters have taken an unexpected turn.
    事态起了意想不到的变化。
11. We are waiting for the turn of the tide.
    我们正在等涨潮。
12. My turn will come.
    我的时运快来了。
13. It's your turn to read now.
    现在轮到你读了。
14. Whose turn is it next?
    下一个轮到谁了?
15. You've missed your turn, so you'll have to wait.
    你错过了机会,所以你得等候。
16. Shall we take a turn in the garden?
    我们在花园里散散步好吧?
17. Let's go for a turn in the car.
    咱们坐车兜兜风吧。
18. I took a turn on a bicycle just now.
    刚才我骑了一会儿自行车。
19. This is a coil of 1000 turns.
    这是一个1000匝的线圈。
20. The next turn in the show is a song-and-dance act.
    演出的下一个节目是歌舞。
21. The show opened with a comedy turn.
    第一个节目是滑稽演出。
22. He was of a melancholy turn of mind.
    他性情忧郁。
23. She has a quaint turn to her dress.
    她穿着古怪。
24. He didn't like the turn of the sentence.
    他不喜欢这句话的措词。
25. You gave me quite a turn when you shouted out like that.
    你那样高声叫喊,着实把我吓了一跳。
26. The news gave me quite a turn.
    这消息使我大吃一惊。
27. What a turn you have given me!
    你可把我吓坏了。
28. He had a turn of dizziness.
    他感到一阵晕眩。
29. She's had one of her turns again.
    她的病又发了。
30. He has done me an ill turn.
    他做了一件有损我的事。
31. One good turn deserves another.
    善有善报。

经典引文

• Florence and her dowry..were lost..by a turn of the dice.

  出自： B. H. Malkin

• In a few turns of the hands of the..clock.

  出自： J. Ruskin

• Waters turning busy mills.

  出自： W. Cowper

• He turned the heating wheel.

  出自： G. Greene

• She turned the ring on her finger round and round.

  出自： A. Christie

• A newly skinned beaver slowly turning over a fire.

  出自： H. Norman

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

turn about( v.+adv. )

反复思考 consider and reconsider in various aspects
turn about
About turn!

向后转！
All of a sudden he turned about and saw me.

他突然转过身来看见了我。
He suddenly turned about and dashed against me.

他突然转过身朝我撞了过来。
Saying that she checked and sharply turned about to hide her face.

她说着突然停住了，猛地转身背过脸去。
After swimming a mile, the boys turned about and swan back to the shore.

游了一英里之后，孩子们转身游回岸边。
The ship turned about and left the battle.

那只船调转船头，退出了战斗。
He saluted smsrtly, about faced, and marched out.

他干净利落地敬了个礼，向后转，开步走了出去。 turn sb/sth ⇔ about
The chauffeur turned the sedan about.

司机把轿车掉了个头。 turn sth ⇔ about
He was still turning the question about when he fell asleep.

他快要入睡时还在反复考虑这个问题。

turn against( v.+prep. )

(使)转为反对; (使)变成和…敌对 (cause to) change from liking sb/sth to disliking him〔her,it〕
turn against sb/sth
The newspaper turned against the President.

报纸转而攻击总统。
The advantage abruptly turned against them.

有利的条件突然变得对他们不利起来。
Nothing could make me turn against my country.

什么也不能使我背叛我的祖国。
His stomach turned against food.

他吃东西时反胃。 turn sb against sb
He tried to turn the children against their mother.

他试图使孩子们反抗他们的母亲。

turn around〔round〕 (v.+adv.)

完成任务并准备返回 finish one journey and prepare to return
turn around〔round〕
The little girl turned round and ran to her mother.

小女孩转过身来,奔向她母亲。
I turned around and saw Jane was sitting directly behind me.

我一转身,就看见简正坐在我的后面。
The oil market turned round very sharply about a week ago.

大约一星期以前,石油市场形势突变。 turn sth ⇔ around〔round〕
Turn your chair round to the fire.

把你的椅子转向火炉。
We've come too far, turn the car round and go back.

我们已经走了很远,把车掉过头来往回开吧。 turn around〔round〕
Do you think our housing sales will turn round during this year?

你认为今年我们的住宅销路会好转吗? turn sth ⇔ around〔round〕
We want to turn the economy round.

我们要使经济好转。
They turned the situation round for the better.

他们扭转了局面。 turn sth ⇔ around〔round〕
He turned my question around so that it sounded foolish.

他把我的问题歪曲得听上去愚蠢可笑。 turn around〔round〕
He seems to have quite turned round.

他似乎完全改变了意见。 turn around〔round〕
I'd better turn round and get some work done.

我最好还是努力做些工作。 turn around〔round〕
These big ships need half a day to turn round.

这些大型船只需要半天时间完成装货再次开航。 turn sth ⇔ round
I'll send some more men to help you turn the plane round.

我将增派人手协助你使飞机起飞返航。

turn aside( v.+adv. )

(使)让开; (使)转变方向 (cause to) turn to one side or in a different direction; (cause to) leave the given path
turn aside
He turned aside and let those who were waiting pass by.

他闪到一旁,让那些等候的人过去。
She turned aside to hide her blushes.

她转过脸去,不让人看见她脸红。
On our journey, we turned aside to see the views.

在旅途中,我们改变了原定的路线去看风景。
Never turn aside from the path of rectitude.

不可背离正道。 turn sth ⇔ aside
Armor-plate can turn aside bullets.

装甲钢板可以把子弹挡开。
They tried to turn aside his anger.

他们试图消掉他的怒气。

turn away ( v.+adv. )

拒绝(某人)进入; 拒绝帮助 refuse to allow sb to enter; refuse to help or support
turn away
He turned away and refused to listen.

他转过脸,不愿再听下去。
She turned away in horror at the sight of so much blood.

看到这么多血,她恐惧地转过脸去。
I turned away, for the sight was too sad to look at.

我转过脸去,因为那情景实在太惨了。 turn sth ⇔ away
She turned away her face.

她把脸转过去。
Please don't turn your head away when I'm trying to kiss you.

我要吻你时请别把头扭过去。 turn sb/sth ⇔ away
He turned away a beggar from his door.

他把乞丐自门口逐走。
He never turned away anyone who asked for his help.

任何人来找他帮忙,他都从不拒绝。
The cinema is turning people away; the seats are all sold.

电影院谢绝人们入内,因为票都卖完了。
It's very difficult to satisfy the manager; he has already turned away three applicants this morning.

要想让经理满意实在太难了,今天上午他已经撵走了三位求职者。
The stadium was so full that thousands of fans had to be turned away.

体育场已爆满,不得不把数千名球迷拒之门外。
I'm afraid your request for a pay rise has been turned away.

恐怕你提出的加薪要求已遭拒绝。

turn back( v.+adv. )

翻起,折转 move round a point; move so as to face in a different direction
turn back
We had to turn back because the road was blocked by snow.

因为路被雪封住了,所以我们只好往回走。 turn sb/sth ⇔ back
The police turned them back.

警察把他们赶回去了。
We were turned back at the frontier.

我们在边境那儿被赶了回来。
The children were turned back at the gate.

孩子们在门口被挡住了。
They had intended to escape from the country, but they were turned back at the border.

他们企图逃离该国,但在边境被挡回。
The wheel of history can never be turned back.

历史车轮决不能倒转。 turn sth ⇔ back
He turned back the coverlet and slipped between the sheets.

他掀开床罩,钻进被单里。
Don't turn back the corners of the pages to mark your place.

别折书页的角来标明你读到的地方。

turn down( v.+adv. )

拒绝; 驳回 refuse or reject
turn down
The housing sales have been turning down since the summer.

入夏以来,房屋的销售量日趋减少。
Investments turned down considerably during the economic crisis.

在经济危机中,投资大大减少了。 turn sth ⇔ down
Please turn the radio down. I'm trying to sleep.

请把收音机的音量拧小,我想睡觉。
Can you turn the flame down on your cigarette lighter?

你能把打火机的火苗拧小一点吗?
Turn the light down, or it will hurt your eyes.

把灯拧小点,不然会弄坏你的眼睛。
As the kettle began to sing, he went over to turn down the gas.

水壶开始响了,于是他走过去把煤气关小。
The theatre lights were turned down.

舞台灯光暗淡下来。 turn sb/sth ⇔ down
We have had to turn down four applicants already.

我们已不得不拒绝了四位申请者。
She has turned down an invitation to visit that country.

邀请她访问那个国家,她没有同意。
I don't understand why they turned down my suggestion.

我不明白他们为什么拒绝接受我的建议。
I was selected to be foreman but I turned it down because I didn't want to stay there long.

我被选为领班,但我拒绝了,因为我不想在那儿久留。
Why was I turned down for the job?Is it because I'm a woman?

为什么不录用我?因为我是女的吗?
The proposal was turned down at the plenary meeting of the committee.

在委员会全体会议上,这个建议遭到了拒绝。
His application for a visa was turned down by the consulate.

他的签证申请被领事馆拒绝了。

turn in¹( v.+adv. )

放弃; 离开 abandon; leave
turn in
Her feet turn in as she walks.

她走路时两脚向内曲成八字形。
My big toe on the right foot turns in.

我右脚大拇指向内弯曲。 turn sth ⇔ in
It was the narrow shoes that turned my toes in.

窄紧的鞋把我的脚趾弄得向内弯曲了。 turn sth ⇔ in
The teachers have to turn in the reports at the end of the school year.

教师们在学年结束时得交成绩报告单。
Those who want to go are to turn in their application before Friday.

想去的人必须在星期五以前提出申请。
He has already turned in his resignation.

他已经提交了辞呈。
I'll have to turn it in first.

我得先把它交上去。
Our papers have to be turned in one week before the examination.

我们的论文必须在考试前一周交上去。 turn sth ⇔ in
They turned in their old uniforms for the new ones.

他们交回旧制服,以旧换新。
You must turn in your equipment when you leave the army.

你离开部队的时候,应该把一切装备上交。
Tickets may be turned in at the box office.

可以在票房退票。 turn in
What time do you usually turn in?

你一般什么时间上床睡觉?
It's not a good habit to turn in and get up late.

晚睡晚起是一种不良的习惯。
The campers usually turned in as it got dark.

野营的人通常天一黑就睡觉。 turn sb/oneself ⇔ in
I promise never to do it again! Please don't turn me in.

我保证再也不做这种事了! 请别告发我。
They turned the man in to the police for smuggling.

他们向警察告发了那人,因为他走私。
James is so mercenary that he'd turn in his own mother for the reward money.

詹姆斯太唯利是图了,他为领取赏钱竟出卖了自己的母亲。
The escaped criminal decided to turn himself in.

那逃犯决定去自首。 turn sth ⇔ in
I'm going to turn in my night shift.

我要下夜班了。
Jim decided to turn in his job and look for a new life.

吉姆决定放弃那个工作,去寻求新的生活。
I've had enough of work for today; I'm going to turn it in and go home.

今天我工作干得够多了,我不打算再干了,要回家去了。
He is determined to turn in smoking.

他决心戒烟。

turn in²( v.+prep. )

开车拐入; 把…转向… drive a car into sth; move sth in another direction
turn in sth
The driver had difficulty turning in such a narrow drive.

司机很难拐进这么窄的路。 turn sth in sth
He turned his attention in another direction.

他把注意力转向另一个方面。

turn inside out( v.+adv.+adv. )

彻底搜查,彻底查看 check thoroughly
turn inside out
The umbrella turned inside out.

伞撑翻了。
This useful coat turns inside out so that you you can wear it on wet days, too.

这件大衣很有用,可以翻过来,下雨天也能穿。 turn sth inside out
He turned his pocket inside out to show me that it was empty.

他把口袋翻出来让我看里面是空的。 turn sth inside out
If you don't give us the evidence we want, we will turn the place inside out.

如果你不交出我们所需要的证据,我们将对这地方进行彻底搜查。
The city was turned inside out in the hunt for the terrorists.

这座城市在搜捕恐怖分子时给兜底查遍。

turn into( v.+prep. )

译成 translate sth from one language into another
turn into sb/sth
Joan is turning into quite a skilled musician.

琼正在变成一个技艺精湛的乐师。
He's turned into a nice boy after all.

他终于变成了一个乖孩子。
In the fairy tale the frog turned into a prince.

在那个神话里,青蛙变成了王子。
Water turns into ice when the temperature is below freezing.

温度到零度以下时,水就结冰。
The friendly discussion had turned into a violent argument.

友好的讨论变成了唇枪舌剑。 turn sb/oneself/sth into sb/sth
Her bitter experience has turned her into a stronger person.

痛苦的经历使她变得更坚强了。
Is it possible for such a person to turn himself into a good writer?

这样的人有可能成为一名优秀作家吗?
Daydreaming alone can't turn you into your heart's desire.

光是做白日梦不能使你如愿以偿。
The farmers turned the sterile land into high fields.

农民们把不毛之地变成了高产田。
Every time she is rude to you, try turning her hard words into a joke against herself.

每当她对你撒野,你就把她的那些粗话看成奚落她自己的笑话。
The old building was turned into a library.

这座旧房子被改成了图书馆。
The mice were turned into horses by a magic spell.

一阵咒语把那些老鼠变成了马。
Scientists used to think that common metals could be turned into gold.

过去,科学家曾认为一般的金属能变成金子。 turn sth into sth
Can you turn the sentence into English?

你能把这个句子译成英语吗?

turn off¹( v.+adv. )

解雇,辞退 fire sb
turn off
The tap won't turn off, and there is water all over the floor.

水龙头关不上,满地都是水。 turn sth ⇔ off
He turned off the water.

他关上了水龙头。
We have to turn off the motor of the car while gas is being put in.

加油时我们必须把车的发动机关掉。
She turned the gas off and went upstairs.

她把煤气关上,就上楼去了。
Shall I turn the oven off?

我把烤炉关掉好吗?
The switch was sticking and we couldn't turn the heat off.

开关卡住了,我们没法关掉暖气。
Please turn off the wireless.

请关上收音机。
If you don't like the programmes, you can simply turn off the television.

要是你不喜欢这些节目,你完全可以把电视机关掉。 turn off
The road to Watts turns off here.

去瓦茨的路从这里拐弯。
Is this where we turn off for Hull?

这是我们要转向赫尔的地方吗?
Go straight ahead as far as the highway turns off for the farm.

一直往前走,直到公路拐向一个农场的地方。
You must turn off to the right when you reach the post office.

在走到邮局前面时,你必须向右转弯。 turn sth ⇔ off
I turned off a good piece of work this morning.

今天上午我出色地完成了一件工作。
After a little while, the English teacher turned off an epigram.

过了一会儿,英文老师作出了一首讽刺诗。
The lathe will turn off the whole of a leg of a table in two revolutions.

车床旋转两次可生产出一根完整的桌子腿。 turn off
Half the crowd turned off when the speaker began talking about pop music.

讲话人开始谈起流行音乐时,一半听众兴味索然。 turn sb ⇔ off
The boy often turns off his mother.

这孩子经常使他母亲烦恼。
That man is so arrogant! He really turns me off.

那人太傲慢了! 他真使我感到讨厌。
Her singing may turn you on, but it turns me off.

她的歌声也许你喜欢听,但我却感到厌烦。
Her unfortunate manner of speech really turns me off.

她说话时的那副倒霉样子真叫我没法再喜欢她。
Such poor teaching always turns students off.

这种低质量的教学总是倒学生们的胃口。 turn sb ⇔ off
I have turned off my maid.

我已把女仆辞了。
When some of the workers in the factory were turned off by the boss, a strike was called.

当厂里几名工人被老板解雇时,罢工开始了。
His faithful servant was turned off without a penny after twenty years' service.

那位忠实的仆人给他效劳了二十年,最后一文没拿就被解雇了。

turn off²( v.+prep. )

(使)厌烦…,(使)对…失去兴趣 (cause sb to) dislike sb/sth or lose interest in sb/sth
turn off sth
Let's turn off this busy road and find a quieter way.

咱们不走这条拥挤的路,另找一条清静的路走。
His home isn't far from the next intersection, so please turn off the highway there.

他家离下一个交叉口不远,请在那儿把车开出公路。 turn sb/sth off sth
Turn that cat off my chair!

把那只猫从我的椅子上赶走!
Unwanted visitors will be turned off my land.

让那些不受欢迎的来客离开我的领地。 turn off sb/sth
I turned right off that subject when we got the new teacher.

换了新老师,我马上就不喜欢那门课了。 turn sb off sb/sth
He is fairly good-looking but his bad breath turns me off him.

他长得相当英俊,可是他嘴里发出的臭味使我对他失去了兴趣。
That hour of food poisoning has turned me off oysters for life!

那一回食物中毒已使我一辈子不吃牡蛎了!

turn on¹( v.+adv. )

(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋 (cause to) become interested or excited
turn on
This tap is stiff, it won't turn on.

这个龙头太紧,拧不开。 turn sth ⇔ on
Please turn on the light for me; it's getting dark.

天要黑了,请把灯给我打开。
Now that the pipe is mended we can turn the water on.

既然管子修好了,我们可以开水管了。
I feel a little bit cold. Shall I turn the fire on?

我有点冷,我能把火点着吗?
He turned the radio on to listen to the midday news.

他打开收音机,收听午间新闻。
You should light the gas as soon as it is turned on.

一扭开煤气管,你就应该点燃煤气。 turn on
Some of the students really turned on to these different courses.

一些学生真的很喜欢这些名目繁多的课程。
Many young people are taking drugs to turn on.

许多年轻人吸毒寻求刺激。 turn sb ⇔ on
What kind of music turns you on?

你特别爱听什么音乐?
Modern music turns some of the young people on.

现代音乐吸引了一批年轻人。
I'm not impressed by their choice of candidate. He's not likely to turn the voters on.

我对他们选定的候选人没什么印象,他不大可能让选民们感兴趣。
The silk dress she was wearing really turned him on.

她穿的绸料衣服确实使他兴奋不已。
It takes a really special kind of teacher to turn on these disappointed students.

需要一位确实具有特殊才干的教师来使这些感到失望的学生振作起来。
Go fishing if you must—whatever turns you on!

如果你一定要去钓鱼的话,你就去吧——你竟然这么感兴趣!
I'm not turned on by modern pop music.

我对现代流行音乐不感兴趣。

turn on²〔upon〕 ( v.+prep. )

视…而定; 关键在于 depend on
turn sth on〔upon〕 sb/sth
The police turn their guns on the bank robbers as they are running away.

警察将枪对准逃跑中的银行劫匪。
The firemen turned their hoses on the blazing building.

消防队员把水龙头对准熊熊燃烧的大楼。
Cannons were turned on the city and street fighting broke out.

大炮对准那个城市,巷战开始了。 turn on〔upon〕 sb/sth
The cat turned on me and bit me in the leg.

那只猫向我袭击,咬伤了我的腿。
The furious dog turns on every stranger who comes near.

那条凶狗对每个走近它的陌生人都要扑上去。
Why did she turn on me like that?Have I said something to offend her?

她为什么攻击我,我说了什么得罪她了?
There's no need to turn on the driver. It was the rain that spoiled our visit.

不必责备司机,是天下雨破坏了我们的访问。
I did not expect to be turned on by a person whom I had friended.

我没有料到会遭到一个我曾作为朋友看待的人的攻击。 turn on〔upon〕 sb/sth
Every design turns on the chief engineer.

每一项设计都要靠总工程师把关。
The question turns on this point.

问题由这一点决定。
The success of a picnic usually turns on the weather.

一次野餐的成功一般要靠天气。
The case turns on the judge's opinion of the prisoner's character.

这个案子取决于法官对案犯品性的看法。
The correct interpretation of the sentence turns upon this word.

这句话的正确解释取决于这个词。
Everything turned upon the result of the battle.

一切取决于战斗的胜败。 turn on〔upon〕 wh-clause
Our planned outing turns on whether the day will be fine tomorrow.

我们计划中的郊游将取决于明天是否天晴。
The expedition turns on whether you can get up early tomorrow.

探险取决于明天你们是否能起得早。

turn out( v.+adv. )

出勤; 为职责或某事件而集合 come out or gather for duty or some event
turn sth ⇔ out
Don't forget to turn out the light when you leave the classroom.

你离开教室时别忘了关灯。 turn sb/sth ⇔ out
The factory turns out 100 automobiles a day.

这家工厂日产汽车100辆。
She turned out six full-length novels in her life.

她一生写了6部长篇小说。
This university has turned out some first-rate scholars.

这所大学培养了一些第一流的学者。
Many TV sets have been turned out by this factory.

这家工厂生产了许多电视机。 turn out (to be) n\u002e/adj\u002e
He said he was a doctor; but later he turned out to be a cheat.

他自称是个医生,结果证明他是个骗子。
The day turned out (to be) a fine day.

那天倒是好天气。
The English evening turned out a great success.

结果英语晚会开得很成功。
It turned out just the opposite.

结果恰恰相反。
His statement turned out to be false.

他的供述结果是假的。
Everything turned out well.

结果是事事顺利。 it turn out that-clause
It turned out that he was never there.

原来他根本没去过那儿。 turn out
Not many men turned out for duty.

没有多少人出勤。
Very few people turned out for the rally.

没有几个人参加这个集会。
Fire engines turned out as soon as the fire broke out.

一起火,消防车立刻就赶到。

turn out of( v.+adv.+prep. )

赶出 expel sb out
turn sb out of sth
The landlord turned the people out of their homes because they couldn't pay the rent.

房东把这些人从他们家里赶了出来,因为他们交不起房租。
He was turned out of the hotel because he was drunk.

他因醉酒被赶出旅馆。
He was turned out of the hall for making too much noise.

他吵得太厉害,所以被赶出了大厅。

turn over( v.+adv. )

移交; 交给; 让位于 give the control of sth to
turn over
He was turning over in bed.

他在床上辗转反侧。
The car struck the wall and turned over.

汽车撞到墙上,翻了。
Having read page one, he turned over to page two.

他读完第一页后,就翻到第二页。
The engine won't turn over because the battery has run out.

这台发动机不能运转了,因为电池已经用完。 turn sb/sth ⇔ over
The nurse turned the old man over and gave him an injection in the left buttock.

护士给那位老人翻过身,在左臀上打了一针。
If you turn over a turtle on its back, it becomes helpless.

假如你把海龟翻过来,它就无能为力了。
The demonstrators damaged a bus and turned over a police car.

示威的群众毁坏了一辆公共汽车,并推翻了一辆警车。
I turned over a page or two of the novel, but was not interested.

我将这本小说翻阅了几页,觉得没有什么兴趣。
A big wave turned the boat over.

一个大浪掀翻了小船。
Be careful how you turn your collar over to be in the latest fashion.

你一定要按最时髦的款式把领子翻下来。
That record is finished. Turn it over to play the other side.

这盘唱片这面已走完,翻过来听另外一面。
I know the boy behaved very badly on his last visit, but I promise you that he's turned over a new leaf and will be good from now on.

我知道这孩子上次来访时表现得很恶劣,但我向你担保他已经改邪归正了,从今以后就安分守己了。
The soil must be thoroughly turned over before planting.

一定要先把土地深耕一遍再下种。 turn sth ⇔ over
He remained in his study, turning over the matter in his head.

他留在书房里,反复考虑了这个问题。
I will turn the matter over in my mind and tell you tomorrow what I have decided.

我要考虑这件事,明天把决定告诉你。
The technician turned over the knotty problem for a long time until he found a solution to it.

技术员把那个难题考虑了好长时间,直到想出一个解决的办法。 turn sb/sth ⇔ over (to sb)
To whom should we turn over the key when we leave here?

在离开这里时,我们把钥匙交给谁呢?
Bob turns over most of the money he earns to his mother.

鲍勃把他赚的绝大部分的钱都交给了他妈妈。
He has turned over the business to his son.

他已把业务交给他的儿子。
Mr. Collins will turn over his work to Mr. Giles when he goes away.

克林斯先生走时会把工作交给贾尔斯先生。
This difficulty is not something we can deal with, so we had better turn it over to the manager.

这个困难不是我们能解决得了的,还是把它交给经理吧。
The victim turned the pieces of the exploded bomb over to the police.

受害者把弹片交给了警察当局。
I turned the thief over to the guards at the building.

我把小偷交给了大楼警卫。
Luckily, my watch was turned over to the property office.

很幸运,有人把我的手表交到了失物招领处。

turn to¹( v.+adv. )

开始积极工作 begin to work hard
turn to
It is time we turn to.

是我们开始工作的时候了。
The workers soon turned to and got the task done quickly.

工人们马上动手,很快就完成了任务。

turn to² ( v.+prep. )

(使)变成 (cause to) change to
turn to sb/sth
Turn to the right.

向右拐。
“Just a minute,” the American says, turning to his hostess.

“且慢!”那美国人一边说着一边转向他的女主人。 turn sth to sb/sth
He turned his back to me.

他转过身去,背对我。
I love turning my face to the sun in the early spring.

初春时节我喜欢仰面晒太阳。
The actress always turned her left profile to the cameras.

这位女演员总是把她的左侧面对着摄影机。
She's a most useful person in the office, she can turn her hand to anything.

她无所不能,是办公室里很能干的人物。
Why are all the people in the village turning a cold shoulder to me?What have I done to offend them?

为什么全村的人都不理我? 我干了什么得罪他们的事儿了? turn to sth
More and more people turn to computer science.

愈来愈多的人从事计算机科学研究。
For relaxation he turns to tennis.

他开始以打网球作为消遣。
He turned to his work again.

他又干起工作来。
He has turned to the practice of medicine.

他开始行医。
After this heartbreaking experience,Thorpe turned to professional sports.

在这次令人心碎的经历之后,索普转向职业运动。
He couldn't earn a living as a novelist, so he turned to journalist.

他靠写小说不能维持生计,因此改行当了记者。 turn sth to sth/v-ing
We are all turning our thoughts to the matter.

我们大家都开始转而考虑这个问题。
You should turn your thoughts to something more important.

你该把思想集中在更重要的事情上。
He turned his energies to completing the job.

他集中精力完成那项工作。 turn to sth
If you turn to page 40, you will find it.

翻到第40页,你就会找到的。
Turn ahead to the third chapter.

请往下翻到第三章。
I turn to the front and try to outline the book.

我翻到卷首,试着将全书作一概述。
Let me turn to my notes to refresh my memory of the figures.

让我翻翻记录回忆一下那些数字。 turn to sb/sth (for sth)
He turned to me for help.

他向我求助。
I have no one but you to turn to.

你是我唯一可以请求帮助的人。
She often turns to the book for guidance.

她经常参考那本书。
Painful illness led him to turn to drugs.

生病疼痛致使他用起麻醉药物来。
One can always turn to music for comfort.

人总可以在音乐中寻得安慰。
We often turn to this handbook for information.

我们经常查阅这本手册,寻找资料。
Even when they read, they don't turn to the dictionary every time they see an unknown word.

甚至在阅读时,每当遇到生词,他们也不求助于词典。
He was turned to for advice by all sorts of people.

各种各样的人都向他求教。 turn to sth
It is getting colder, and I think the rain will soon turn to snow.

天越来越冷,我想雨很快就会变成雪。
The snow turned to rain as we got further down the mountain.

我们再往山下走雪就成了雨。
Soon her glee turns to fear.

很快她的欢欣变成了恐惧。 turn sth to sth
Is it the low temperature that turns the water to ice?

是低温使水变成冰的吗?
Where can I turn these pounds to dollars?

我到哪儿把这些英镑换成美元呢?
My wish is to turn my skills to the service of mankind.

我的愿望是用自己的本领为人类服务。
Their friendship was turned to enmity through idle gossip.

无聊的闲言碎语使他们之间的友谊变成仇恨。

turn up ( v.+adv. )

出现; 找到 appear or reappear; find
turn sth ⇔ up
I feel cold and I'd like to turn the heat up a little.

我觉得冷,想把取暖器开大一点。
He turned up the collar of his coat.

他把大衣领子翻起来。
The ploughman turned up some buried treasure.

那农夫用犁翻起了若干埋葬的财宝。 turn up
She turned up at the last moment.

她在最后一分钟来了。
It's time to set off, but no one has turned up.

是出发的时候了,但一个人也没有来。
I turned up at the address he gave me but the house was empty.

根据他给的地址,我找到了房子,可是屋里空无一人。
She is still waiting for something to turn up.

她仍在等候机会出现。
About 3000 turned up for this rally.

约有3000人参加这次集会。
The book you've lost may turn up one of these days.

你遗失的那本书也许这几天会找到。 turn sth ⇔ up
Please see if you can turn up any information on the proposed bypass scheme.

请想想,你能否找到什么关于所提议的旁路方案的资料。

用作名词 (n.)

at every turn

老是; 处处 all the time; everywhere

by turns

轮流地; 交替地 one after the other; in rotation

do a good turn

做有利于(某人的)事 do sb a favour
do sb a good turn
Being made redundant actually did me a good turn because I soon found a much better job.

裁员实际上帮了我一个忙,因为我很快找到了一份更好的工作。
She had done me so many good turns; I was touched by this last one.

她帮了我许多忙,最近这次帮忙使我很感动。
He did me a good turn by lending me his bicycle.

他借给我自行车,帮了我一个大忙。

in turn

依次,轮流地 one after the other; in succession

on the turn

即将改变; 走另一条路 about to change; go a different way

out of turn

不合时宜,轻率 not at the correct or permitted time

serve sb's/one's turn

合用,管用 act as a temporary

take a turn for the better〔worse〕

好转; 恶化 improve; deteriorate

take turns

替换,轮流 do sth one after another or in regular order
take turns (at) v-ing
Mary and Helen took turns at sitting up with their sick mother.

玛丽与海伦轮流陪伴病中的母亲。
They took turns at watching him when he had a fever.

他发烧时,大家轮流看护他。
The three men took turns driving so one would not be too tired.

那三个人轮流开车,这样谁也不会太累。 take turns to-v
The students took turns to clean up their classroom.

学生们轮流打扫教室。

to a turn

正好,恰好 exactly

turn(s) of phrase

措词特征 manner of saying〔writing〕 sth

turn of speed

快速运行 fast rate of movement

turn of the century

本世纪初 the beginning of the century

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• turn a door handle 转动门的把手
• turn a dress 翻新衣服
• turn a knob 转动旋钮
• turn a phonograph record 将唱片翻面
• turn a shaft 转动旋钮轴
• turn a somersault 翻筋斗
• turn a vase on a potter's wheel 转动制陶轮上的花瓶胚
• turn one's chair 把椅子转过来
• turn one's eyes 把视线移开
• turn one's flight 改变飞行方向
• turn one's gaze 转过目光,凝视
• turn one's head 把头转过来
• turn pancakes 把煎饼翻个面
• turn the cap 旋动盖子
• turn the corner 拐弯,绕过角落
• turn the dial 把立体声电唱机上的转盘转动
• turn the earth 翻土
• turn the key 转动钥匙
• turn the page of a book 翻书页
• turn the steam iron 转动蒸气电熨斗的指示钮
• turn the steering wheel 转动方向盘〔舵轮〕
• turn the tap 拧水龙头

～+副词

• turn adrift 使在水上漂泊
• turn downward 下跌
• turn homeward 转身往家走
• turn left 向左转
• turn right 向右转
• turn sharp 急转
• turn south 向南拐
• turn topsy-turvy 颠倒,倾覆,使混乱
• turn abruptly 突然转身
• turn frequently 经常翻
• turn gently 轻轻地拧
• turn noiselessly 无声息地转身
• turn reluctantly 不情愿地改变
• turn swiftly 飞快地旋转
• turn about 转身,转向,依次,反复思考
• turn around 转过去,转变,改变意见
• turn aside 闪开,避开,转过脸去,使转变方向,叉开
• turn away 走开,离开,把…打发走
• turn back 转过来,往回走,折叠
• turn down an invitation 拒绝邀请
• turn down the gas 把煤气旋小
• turn in 拐进,交出,上床,放弃
• turn off the tap 关上水龙头
• turn on the tap 旋开水龙头
• turn out 使向外弯曲,关上,制造,驱逐,解雇,结果(是)
• turn coat out 把大衣翻过来
• turn over (使)翻过来,移交,反复考虑,大量卖出
• turn round 改变
• turn up 扭亮,开大,发现,找出,发生,查阅
• turn facts upside down 颠倒是非

～+介词

• turn against one's friends 转过来攻击朋友
• turn for home 转身往家走
• turn for the better 好转
• turn from the high road into a narrow lane 从大路拐进一条小胡同
• turn in the direction of 转身向…走去
• turn into a better person 变成更好的人
• turn into a road 转入一条马路
• turn into a street 拐到一条街道
• turn into ice 结成冰
• turn off the main road 离开大路
• turn on 把…对准,对…发怒,攻击…,依赖…,取决于
• turn out of 逐出
• turn round sth 绕着…转
• turn to a new field 转向新领域
• turn to a new subject (转而)致力于新课题
• turn to a new topic 转到新话题
• turn to one's family for help 求助于家庭
• turn to one's mother for comfort 向母亲寻求安慰
• turn to the audience 转身对着观众
• turn to the designers for advice 向设计人员求教
• turn to the study of art 转而从事艺术
• turn towards home 转身回家
• turn towards the mirror 朝着镜子

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• add a second turn 另加一班
• disturb turns 搞乱顺序
• handle a turn 转动一下把手
• give a turn 引到一个方面
• have a turn 有天赋
• make a turn 转弯
• missed one's turn 错过机会
• need a turn 需要旋动
• negotiate a turn 拐过弯去
• take turns 依次,轮流
• take the turn 转弯
• walk a turn 来回地走,走来走去

形容词+～

• beautiful turn of words 漂亮的说法
• difficult turn 难转的弯
• explosive turn 急剧变化
• favourable turn 有利的转机
• left turn 左转弯
• new turn 新的转折点
• shallow turn 慢转弯,大转弯
• sharp turn 急转弯,小转弯
• sudden turn 突然的转弯
• unexpected turn 意想不到的变化
• unfavourable turn 不利的转折点

名词+～

• afternoon turn 中班
• comedy turn 喜剧节目
• star turn 主要节目〔演员〕,最引人注目的人〔事物〕

介词+～

• about turn of event 对事态的变化
• at each turn 每转一圈
• at the turn of the century 在本世纪初
• at every turn 老是,处处
• by turns 轮流地,交替地
• in turn 依次地,轮流地
• on the turn 正在转变中,(牛奶)在变酸
• out of turn 不合时宜地,不看场合地,轻率地,鲁莽地
• to a turn 正好,恰好

～+介词

• turn for duty 值班
• turn for mathematics 数学天赋
• turn in a river 河的弯曲处
• turn to the right 右转弯

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. turn的基本意思是“旋转,转动”,指做圆周运动或弧形运动。引申可作“翻转”“开始涨或落”“瞄准,指向”“使…向某方向走”“达到,超过”“表演”“(使)变酸”“(使)不适,作呕,恶心”“翻译”“赶走”“考虑”“用车床加工,车削”等解。作“改变”解时,指彻底改变,以至面目全非,且常用于朝坏的方向改变。
2. turn可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,可接名词或代词作宾语,也可接以形容词充当补足语的复合宾语。
3. turn还可用作系动词,意为“成为,变成”,后接名词或形容词作表语,用作表语的名词须用零冠词。
4. turn后接副词away表示“离开,走开,把…打发走”; 后接副词back表示“折回,返回”; 后接副词down表示“拒绝接受某人〔某事〕”; 后接副词in表示“睡觉,转身进入,拐入”“把某物上交,把某物交出”; 后接副词off表示“关(自来水、电源、煤气等)”; 后接副词over表示“翻身,将…翻身”; 后接副词out表示“结果是…,证明是…”“撵出”“生产”; 后接副词up表示“出现,出席,到达”“发现”。

n. (名词)

1. turn用作名词的基本意思是“转动,旋转”,指使某人或某物转动的行为或某物自己旋转的动作,是可数名词。
2. turn也可表示“方向的改变,转折,转折点”“转弯处”,引申可作“时间上的转折点,交替时期”解,是可数名词。
3. turn也可作“轮到的机会,顺次”解,通常用于单数形式。
4. turn还可作“发展变化,新趋势”“散步”“短小节目”“风格,性格,性情,习性”等解,是可数名词,常与不定冠词a连用。
5. 在口语里, turn可表示“惊吓,震惊”“不适,疾病的发作”,作“惊吓,震惊”解时,通常用作单数形式。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

turn, alter, become, change, convert, modify, vary

• 这组词的共同意思是“改变”“变化”。change和alter有时可以互换。例如:
• Whatever we do, we can't change〔alter〕 the facts.不管我们做什么,我们总不能改变事实。
• He has changed〔altered〕 a lot since I last saw him.自从上次见面到现在,他变了很多。
• The weather changes〔alters〕 almost daily.天气差不多天天在变。
• 其区别是：
• 1.change在这几个词中是最普遍、最不正式的一个,可用于任何变化的过程,而不论变化的性质和程度; alter指局部的、表面的、轻微的“改变”“改动”,修改后仍基本上保持原状; alter和convert都指形式和用途上的局部微小改变; turn指彻底改变,以至面目全非,且常用于朝坏的方向改变; modify指限定在一定范围内的修改或修饰,以使之更完美; vary则指事物或其一部分暂时地或反复地变化,从而使事物各部分呈现不同外貌和特点。例如:
• When matter changes to a substance different from what it was, the change is a chemical change.当物质变成和原来不同的物质时,这种变化是化学变化。
• The plan is O.K. at large, but I suggest it be altered.该计划总的来说是可以的,但我建议做进一步修改。
• Pressure varies directly with temperature and inversely with volume.压力随温度成正比例变化,与容积成反比例变化。
• All the bank bill was converted into cash.所有的银行票据都兑换成了现金。
• Those who were once for him have turned against him.那些原来支持他的人现在转而反对他。
• The newspaper turned against the president.该报转而攻击总统。
• After he left the university, he became a teacher, but he later turned to translation.他大学毕业后当了教师,但后来转向翻译工作。
• 2.convert可指改变信仰,尤其是宗教信仰; modify指态度变温和。例如:
• He has converted from Buddhism to Catholicism.他已放弃佛教改信天主教了。
• You'd better modify your tone.你最好缓和一下你的口气。
• He will have to modify his views if he wants to be elected.他如果想当选,就得把观点变得明朗些。

turn, become, come, go, grow

• 这组词均可用作系动词,表示“变成”。其区别是：
• 1.come多指向好的方向转变; go往往指向坏的方面转变; become指向好的(也可指向坏的)方面发展, turn是正式用语,指向好的,也指向坏的方面转变。试比较:
• When did that style of dress come into fashion?
• 那种式样的衣服是什么时候时兴的?
• When did that style of dress go out of fashion?
• 那种式样的衣服是什么时候不时兴的?
• 2.come的主语往往是人; become的主语可以是人或物; 而go的主语多是物。
• 3.come的表语通常是形容词; become的表语可以是形容词、代词或名词(须加不定冠词); go和grow的表语为形容词; turn的表语可以是形容词或名词(不加不定冠词)。

turn, depend, hang, hinge

• 这组词都可表示“依赖”“依…而定”。其区别是：
• depend侧重思想上的悬念,无法进行预测,常指对某物的未来情景捉摸不定; hinge侧重思想上的悬念; hang不太侧重事件的捉摸不定或没把握的成功等; turn侧重旋转和对变化的、偶然的东西的依赖。例如:
• Whether he goes back to jail depends on whether he violates parole.他是否重回监狱得看他假释期是否犯罪而定。
• Everything hinges on where we go next.一切要看我们下一步去哪里而定。
• The future of the company hangs on the outcome of his meeting.公司的前途取决于这次会议的结果。
• The success of the negotiations turns on getting the agreement of the Italian delegation.谈判的成功依赖于取得意大利代表团的同意。

turn into, become

• 这两个词(组)的共同意思是“变成”。其区别是：
• become着重目前状态; turn into着重改变用途。例如:
• The storeroom has become a workshop.
• 库房成了车间了。
• The storeroom has been turned into a workshop.
• 库房变成了车间。

turn out, bear, produce, yield

• 这四个词(组)的意思相近,都表示“生产出”。其区别是：
• bear表示“产仔或结果实”,可引申指“再生产”; produce的用法更广,可指生产一切有形的或无形的东西; yield也表示生产,但强调结果与回报,而不是所做的努力; turn out强调结果,但同时还侧重先前付出的劳动与艰辛。例如:
• The soil bears good cotton.
• 这种土壤出产优质棉花。
• Gas can be produced from coal.
• 煤气可从煤中提制。
• His business yields big profits.
• 他的生意带来巨大的利润。
• This factory can turn out 100 cars a day.
• 这家工厂每天能生产一百辆汽车。

turn out, prove

• 这两者的共同意思是“证明”。其区别在于:prove的主语可以是人,也可以是事物; 而turn out的主语一般是物,有时含有“意外”的含义,常用于口语中。例如:
• His first attempt proved successful.他的第一次尝试证明是成功的。
• They proved that he was guilty.他们证明他有罪。
• As it has turned out, there was no need to worry.结果证明当初不必担心。

n. (名词)

下面两组中的两个句子意思相同:

• They took turns at watching the baby.
• They took turns watching the baby.
• 他们轮流看守婴儿。
• We took turns with them standing guard.
• We took turns with them at standing guard.
• 我们与他们轮流站岗。

become，get，grow，turn，go，come

• 这些动词均可表示“变成，成为”之意。
• become最普通用词，作为连系动词，指从一个状态向另一个状态的变化。
• get常指某人或某物有意无意地获得引起变化的因素，结果使变成另一状态。
• grow常指逐渐地变成新状态，强调渐变的过程。
• turn侧重指变得与原来截然不同，有时含贬义。
• go作为连系动词，通常与形容词连用，指进入某种状态，从而发生变化，多指不好的状态。
• come侧重变化的经过或过程，多用于不良情况。

change，alter，vary，convert，modify，transform，turn

• 这些动词均含有“变化，改变”之意。
• change指任何变化，完全改变，强调与原先的情况有明显的不同。
• alter常指轻微的改变，强调基本上保持原物、原状的情况下所进行的部分改变。
• vary暗示不规则或断断续续地变。
• convert指进行全部或局部改变以适应新的功能或用途。指信仰或态度时，强调较激烈、大的改变。
• modify强调起限定作用的变化或变更。指细小的变化，常含“缓和、降调”的意味。
• transform指人或物在形状、外观、形式、性质等方面发生的彻底变化，失去原状成为全新的东西。
• turn指外形、颜色、气味、性质等方面的变化，比change更通俗。

rotate，revolve，roll，spin，turn，whirl，circle

• 这些动词均有“转动、旋转”之意。
• rotate侧重指物体围绕自己的轴或中心旋转，即自转。
• revolve强调指物体围绕本身以外的中心旋转，即公转。
• roll指某物在平面上滚动或翻滚。
• spin指沿内轴迅速而连续旋转，或沿外部一个点作快速圆周运转。
• turn普通用词，中性，含义广泛，根据搭配，可指作一个圆周运动或连续地作圆周运动，也可指仅是沿圆的弧形转动。
• whirl指旋转或作圆周运动，侧重急速或力量。
• circle指作圆周运动。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 这个年轻的女子成了音乐家。

   误 The young woman turned a musician.

   正 The young woman turned musician.

   正 The young woman became a musician.

   析 turn后接名词作表语时,名词前不用任何冠词,即使主语是复数,名词也不用复数。而become后接名词时,名词前要有冠词,或可以用复数形式。

2. 听到这消息,她脸色变得苍白。

   误 Her face turned to white at the news.

   正 Her face turned white at the news.

3. 他的头发很快就变灰白了。

   误 His hair turned to grey fast.

   正 His hair turned grey fast.

   析 turn to表示“朝…方向转动”; 而turn作“向…转变”解用作系动词时,其后直接跟形容词作表语。

4. 过上个生日时他就五十岁了。

   误 He turned to fifty on his last birthday.

   正 He turned fifty on his last birthday.

5. 她还不到十六岁。

   误 She has not yet turned to sixteen.

   正 She has not yet turned sixteen.

6. 已经十点了。

   误 It has turned to ten o'clock.

   正 It has turned ten o'clock.

   析 turn 用在年龄和时间方面表示“(年龄)刚过…”“(时间)已到…”时,是及物动词,其后直接加宾语。

7. 他对我们要求帮助的请求置之不理。

   误 He turned a deaf ear about our request for help.

   正 He turned a deaf ear to our request for help.

   析 “充耳不闻”“置之不理”可以说 turn a deaf ear to,介词 to 不可改为about。

8. 他转过身来,发现一名警察正以怀疑的目光注视着他。

   误 He turned back to find a policeman eyeing him suspiciously.

   正 He turned round to find a policeman eyeing him suspiciously.

   析 turn back意为“返回”“走回原地”; “转身”“扭过头来”可以说turn round。

9. 离开房间时请别忘记关灯。

   误 Be sure to turn down the light when you leave the room.

   正 Be sure to turn off the light when you leave the room.

10. 你能把收音机声音关小一点吗?孩子正在睡觉。

    误 Would you please turn off the radio a little?The baby is sleeping.

    正 Would you please turn down the radio a little?The baby is sleeping.

    析 turn down意为“把(收音机音量等)开小”“把(声音)放低”; “关上(收音机、电灯,水龙头等)”用turn off。

11. 遇到麻烦时他们总是找我帮忙。

    误 They always turn into me when they are in trouble.

    正 They always turn to me when they are in trouble.

12. 她没有能寻求建议的人。

    误 She had no one to turn into for advice.

    正 She had no one to turn to for advice.

13. 孩子找他的母亲寻求安慰。

    误 The child turned into its mother for comfort.

    正 The child turned to its mother for comfort.

14. 天黑了,没有一个人他可以求救。

    误 It was dark. There was no one into whom he could turn for help.

    正 It was dark. There was no one to whom he could turn for help.

    析 turn into意为“变为”“使变为”,而表示“找某人寻求(帮助、建议等)”常说turn to sb for...,其中的介词to不能换为into。

15. 鲍勃对“不准钓鱼”的告示视而不见。

    误 Bob turned a blind eye at the “No Fishing” sign.

    正 Bob turned a blind eye to/on the “No Fishing” sign.

    析 “对…视而不见”“故意不理会”可以用 turn a blind eye to/on sth,这里介词 to 或 on 不可以换作 at。

16. 这伙强盗把房间翻了个底朝天。

    误 The robbers had turned the room inside out.

    正 The robbers had turned the room upside down.

    析 turn sth inside out意为“把里面的东西翻出来”“彻底搜查”; 表示“翻转”“倒放”“彻底弄乱”时可以说turn sth upside down。

17. 华灯齐放,广场显得更加辉煌。

    误 The square looks more splendid with all the lights turning on.

    正 The square looks more splendid with all the lights turned on.

    析 with短语在句中作伴随状语, turn on有被动意义,因此用过去分词短语。

18. 把裤腿卷起来就不会湿了。

    误 Turn over your trousers legs and they won't get wet.

    正 Turn up your trousers legs and they won't get wet.

    析 turn over意为“翻转”,而“卷起”用turn up。

n. (名词)

1. 那瓶盖一拧就开。

   误 The cap of the bottle opened with a turn.

   正 The cap of the bottle opened at a turn.

   析 turn与动作名词搭配表示“一次性动作”,常用介词at而不用with。

2. 当你走到这条路的尽头时就向左拐。

   误 When you reach the end of this road, take the turn to the left.

   正 When you reach the end of this road, take a turn to the left.

3. 晚间他的健康状况恶化了。

   误 His condition took the turn for the worse during the night.

   正 His condition took a turn for the worse during the night.

   析 “转向…”“向…发展”是take a turn to〔for〕,不用定冠词the。

4. 他们一个接一个地按顺序上了汽车。

   误 They got on the bus by turns.

   正 They got on the bus in turn.

5. 他们在会上依次发言。

   误 They spoke by turns at the meeting.

   正 They spoke in turn at the meeting.

   析 by turns是“交替”“轮流”的意思,多指两个人或两个行为之间的交替进行; 如表示“按顺序”则应该用in turn。

6. 晚间我们轮流看守在他床边。

   误 At night we watched at his bedside by turn.

   正 At night we watched at his bedside by turns.

7. 我们轮流护理这个生病的孩子。

   误 We took turn at nursing the sick child.

   正 We took turns at nursing the sick child.

   析 turn在by turns和take turns等短语中,习惯用复数。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的turnian，意为旋转；最初源自古法语的torner，意为转动。

近反义词

【近义词】

• alter
• appeal
• apply
• approach
• become
• change
• circle
• construct
• depend
• divert
• double
• fit
• form
• hang
• look
• make
• move
• return
• roll
• shift
• switch
• translate
• twist
• upset
• whirl
• write
• act
• action
• bend
• chance
• change
• crack
• crisis
• direction
• drift
• favour
• gesture
• manner
• performer
• period
• service
• shape
• shock
• shift
• start
• stroll
• surprise
• time
• try
• walk
• way

【反义词】

• fix 使 ... 固定