shift

英 [ʃɪft] 美 [ʃɪft]

• v. 移动；改变；换挡；字型转换
• n. 轮班；变化；移动；计谋；轮班职工

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 移动

   change in position or direction; move from place to place

2. vt. & vi. 去掉

   get rid of or remove

3. vt. & vi. 快速行进

   move very fast

n. (名词)

1. [C] 转换,转变

   change of place, nature, form, etc.

2. [C] 轮〔换〕班

   period of time worked by a group of workers which starts as another group finished

3. [S] 轮班工人

   a group of workers which takes turns with one or more other groups

4. [C] 计谋,手段

   trick or scheme for achieving sth or avoiding sth

5. [C] 切换键

   mechanism on a type, etc. that allows capitals to be typed

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 设法（应付），想种种办法
2. 欺骗，瞒骗
3. 自己谋生
4. 推托，推卸，转嫁
5. 转移，移动，搬移，移，动
6. 变动，变换，改变，替换，更换，转换，转变
7. 变（速），换（档）
8. 【语】使音变
9. 摆脱，消除，去掉
10. 改变方向
11. 漂移
12. 筹划，策划
13. 【文】使音变，发生音变
14. 快速行进

n. 名词

1. 轮班（工作时间、职工），班
2. 权宜之计
3. 哄骗
4. 转移
5. 手段，方法
6. 转换，转变，变换，变化，替换，变迁，更换
7. 推托
8. 变速装置
9. 宽松直筒连衣裙

英英释义

Noun:

1. an event in which something is displaced without rotation

2. a qualitative change

3. the time period during which you are at work

4. the act of changing one thing or position for another;

   "his switch on abortion cost him the election"
   

5. the act of moving from one place to another;

   "his constant shifting disrupted the class"
   

6. (geology) a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other;

   "they built it right over a geological fault"
   "he studied the faulting of the earth's crust"
   

7. a crew of workers who work for a specific period of time

8. the key on the typewriter keyboard that shifts from lower-case letters to upper-case letters

9. a woman's sleeveless undergarment

10. a loose-fitting dress hanging straight from the shoulders without a waist

Verb:

1. make a shift in or exchange of;

   "First Joe led; then we switched"
   

2. change place or direction;

   "Shift one's position"
   

3. move around;

   "transfer the packet from his trouser pockets to a pocket in his jacket"
   

4. move very slightly;

   "He shifted in his seat"
   

5. move from one setting or context to another;

   "shift the emphasis"
   "shift one's attention"
   

6. change in quality;

   "His tone shifted"
   

7. move and exchange for another;

   "shift the date for our class reunion"
   

8. move sideways or in an unsteady way;

   "The ship careened out of control"
   

9. move abruptly;

   "The ship suddenly lurched to the left"
   

10. use a shift key on a keyboard;

    "She could not shift so all her letters are written in lower case"
    

11. change phonetically as part of a systematic historical change;

    "Grimm showed how the consonants shifted"
    

12. change gears;

    "you have to shift when you go down a steep hill"
    

13. lay aside, abandon, or leave for another;

    "switch to a different brand of beer"
    "She switched psychiatrists"
    "The car changed lanes"
    

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. The tools shift around in the car boot every time we turn a corner.
   我们每次转弯，汽车行李箱里的工具就来回动。
2. The Left is shifting their ground.
   左派正在改变立场。
3. You have to shift as you drive around the corner.
   你拐角时要换挡变速。

用作名词 (n.)

1. They were taking turns to be on the night shift.
   他们轮流做夜班。
2. This accident caused a dramatic shift in public opinion.
   这个意外引起了公众舆论的急剧变化。
3. The 21st century has been seeing a gradual shift of people from the country to the town.
   21世纪,人口开始渐渐由乡村向市镇转移。
4. As a temporary shift, he covered up the leak with a plastic bag.
   作为权宜之计，他用塑料袋把漏洞给包上了。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. If the stain still doesn't shift, try this.
   如果污渍还没有清除掉,试试这个吧。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. Someone has shifted my bicycle and I can't find it.
   有人挪动了我的自行车,我找不到了。
2. Lend me a hand to shift this box, will you?
   来帮一下忙,把这箱子搬一搬,好吗?
3. A sunset like this shifted its tints every moment.
   这样的斜阳余晖变化不定。
4. The thieves couldn't shift any of those stolen colour televisions.
   这伙盗贼无法把任何一部偷来的彩色电视机脱手。

其他

1. These tree belts protected 500,000 acres of farmland against shifting sand.
   这些防护林带保护了50万英亩农田不受流沙侵袭。

用作名词 (n.)

1. A sudden shift in the wind warned of the coming storm.
   风向的突然改变预示暴风雨来临。
2. He works the night shift today.
   他今天上夜班。
3. The day shift arrives〔arrive〕 at eight o'clock.
   白班工人八点钟来换班。
4. He uses some dubious shifts to get money.
   他用一些可疑的手段去赚钱。
5. Press “Shift” and type “C”.
   按切换键然后打大写字母C。

经典引文

• The thousand shifts and devices of which Hannibal was a master.

  出自： Bosworth Smith

• How many times did..the clergy..change or shift their opinions?

  出自： T. Hutchinson

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

shift about (v.+adv.)

四处飘荡 move about
shift about
They shift about for several years.

他们在各处漂荡了好几年。

shift away (v.+adv.)

搬走; 吹散 move off; drive sth away
shift away
They have shifted away from this area.

他们已经从这里搬走了。 shift sth ⇔ away
The wind shifted and blew the mist away.

风向改了,吹散了雾。

shift down (v.+adv.)

换慢挡 change lower gear
shift down
You have to shift down when you climb up steep hills.

开车爬陡峭的山坡时,你得换慢挡。

shift for oneself (v.+prep.+pron.)

〈非正〉独立谋生 take he responsibility for one's own life

shift from (v.+prep.)

(将)从…去掉〔移开〕 (cause to) move from (somewhere)
shift sth from sth
He shifted the case from one hand to the other.

他把手提箱从一只手移到另一只手。
The centre of the U.S. economy shifted from the agrarian areas to the industrial centres in the north.

美国的经济重心由农村转到北方的工业中心。
The recent hijacking has shifted attention from internal problems.

最近发生的劫机事件转移了人们对国内问题的注意力。

shift off¹ (v.+adv.)

推卸; 逃避 shirk (responsibility)
shift sth ⇔ off
They deliberately shifted off the argument.

他们故意回避这个论点。

shift off² (v.+prep.)

(将…)从…移走 cause to move away
shift sth off sth
The rain shifted dust off the street.

雨把街上的尘土冲走了。

shift onto (v.+prep.)

(将…)移到… move sth to be carried by sth
shift sth onto sb/sth
They tried to shift the burden of the crisis onto the working people.

他们想法把危机造成的负担转嫁到劳动人民身上去。
Shifting the load onto my other arm from time to time helped me to carry it.

我不时用双手交替着提那重物,这样省些劲。

shift the blame〔responsibility〕 on〔onto〕 (v.+n.+prep.)

〈非正〉把责任推卸给或转嫁给(某人) make sb take the responsibility for sth
shift the blame〔responsibility〕 on〔onto〕 sb
Don't try to shift the blame onto somebody else.

不要把罪责都推到别人身上。
What really sticks in my craw is that he should try to shift the blame onto others.

实在令人气愤的是,他竟然把责任往别人身上推。
Much of the responsibility for the disaster was shifted onto John, and this was quite undeserved.

把这场灾难的大部分责任推到约翰身上,这太不公平了。

shift to (v.+prep.)

(使)移向; (使)转向… (cause to) move or change direction to sth
shift sth to sth
He shifted his luggage up to his flat.

他把行李搬到楼上住所里去。
When the wind shifted from south to north it began to get cold.

当风向由南转北时,天变冷了。

用作名词 (n.)

make shift

勉强使用,将就use what can be found because one lack anything better

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• shift a blame 诿过
• shift a burden 卸负担
• shift responsibility 推卸责任
• shift scenery 换布景

～+副词

• shift impatiently 焦急地走来走去
• shift momentarily 立刻转移
• shift nervously 焦急地移动
• shift restlessly 不停地移动
• shift uneasily 不易移动
• shift about〔round〕 到处移动〔流动〕,移居各地
• shift the bookshelf about 把书架掉个向
• shift the furniture about 移动家具
• shift away 移走
• shift off 卸掉,回避,走开
• shift off an argument 回避论点
• shift off a responsibility 推卸责任
• shift the piano up to room 把钢琴搬到房间里

～+介词

• shift for a living 设法谋生
• shift for oneself 自力更生
• shift... from... to 把…从…移动〔搬到…〕
• shift from the defensive to the offensive 由防御转入进攻
• shift from the first gear to the second gear 从第一排档转到第二排档
• shift from Vienna to Berlin 从维也纳转移到柏林
• shift into 转移进…
• shift into neutral 转为中立
• shift dust off the street 把尘土从街上冲走
• shift all the blame onto others 把一切责任推给别人
• shift sth out of the way 把某物从路上清除掉
• shift the rubbish out of the way 把垃圾从路上清除掉
• shift to the north 转向北面
• shift to a place (人)调到某地,(物)搬到某处

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• bring about〔produce〕 a shift 产生变化
• change shifts for duty 换班
• go off〔on〕 shift 下〔上〕班
• make a shift with 设法做
• resort to a shift 采取手段
• try every shift 尽一切办法

形容词+～

• double shift 两班工作
• functional shift 功能转换
• alternating shift 轮班
• eight-hour shift 八小时一班工作制
• every shift 一切办法

名词+～

• day〔night〕 shift 白〔夜〕班
• split shift 间隔班
• vowel shift 元音的音变
• three shifts 三班工作

介词+～

• by shifts 轮班
• in alternating shift 轮班地,交换地
• on the shift 上班

～+介词

• a shift in emphasis 重点的转移
• a shift in〔of〕 wind 风向的转变
• a shift of clothes 换衣服
• a shift of crops 庄稼的轮作

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. shift的基本意思是“搬动,移动”。指从一处转移或使转移至另一处,强调场所或方向的变化,含有不确定、不稳定的意味。有时可表示位置的一次性移动。引申可作“快速行进”或“去掉”解。
2. shift可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时接名词或代词作宾语。
3. shift for oneself作“自谋生路”解; shift the blame on〔onto〕 sb 的意思是“把罪责推到某人的身上”。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

shift, move, remove, transfer

• 这组词都可表示“移动”。其区别是：
• move主要指改变位置或姿势,是这组同义词中使用最广泛的; remove着重于离开或脱离原来的位置、处所、职位、职业等,作一种新的、有时是暂时的安排或改变,多是有意识地移动; shift着重于位置或方向的改变,常用于口语中,它还带有不稳定、不安的含义; transfer指从一个容器、车船等交通工具,或者所有制转换到另一个容器、另一种交通工具或所有制中。例如:
• He removed the child from the class.他把小孩从班上带走。
• He shifted impatiently in his seat during the long speech.在听冗长的报告时,他不耐烦地在座位上挪来挪去。
• At London we transferred from the train to a bus.在伦敦我们由火车改乘公共汽车。

n. (名词)

下面两个句子意思相同:

• She works the day shift.
• She works on the day shift.
• 她上白天班。

move，shift，transfer，remove

• 这些动词均可表示“从一处移往另一处”之意。
• move普通用词，指从一处到另一处的任何距离的转移。
• shift侧重位置与方向的改变。
• transfer一般表示转送、移交或迁移，尤指交通运输中的换乘或职务的调动等。
• remove作“移动”解时，与move可换用，还可指撤职或开除学藉等。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的sciftan，意为安排。

近反义词

【近义词】

• change
• move
• transfer
• switch
• alternation
• change
• tour of duty