perish

英 ['perɪʃ] 美 ['perɪʃ]

• vi. 毁灭；消失；腐烂
• vt. 毁灭；使死亡

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vi. & vt. 毁灭; 死亡

   destroy; come to an end; die

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 腐烂，腐败
2. 毁坏，损坏，毁减
3. 使麻木
4. 消灭， 湮灭，毁灭，消亡，灭亡
5. （使）死去，死亡，丧生
6. 杀死
7. 暴卒
8. 枯萎
9. 使困顿
10. 使非常困苦
11. 堕落
12. 丧失
13. （橡胶等）脆裂，老化

英英释义

Verb:

1. pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life;

   "She died from cancer"
   "The children perished in the fire"
   "The patient went peacefully"
   "The old guy kicked the bucket at the age of 102"
   

例句

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

1. We must plan our civilization or we must perish.
   我们必须规划我们的文明，否则我们必定毁灭。
2. Almost a hundred people perished in the hotel fire last night.
   近百人在昨夜旅馆的大火中丧生。
3. The ancient Aztec culture has all perished now.
   古代阿兹台克文化现在已经全部消亡了。
4. Even the best quality rubber will perish with age.
   就是最佳质量的橡胶也会因老化而腐烂。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. Oil on your car tyres will perish them.
   在你车胎上的油将会使车胎损坏。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. Hundreds of sheep perished that year because of drought.
   那年由于干旱,几百头羊突然死去。
2. The rubber belt has perished.
   这条胶皮带已经老化了。
3. Flowers perish when frost comes.
   当霜冻来临时,花都凋落了。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. Oil on your car tyres will perish them.
   车胎上的油会腐蚀轮胎的。
2. Continuous washing has perished the rubber.
   不断地洗涤使橡皮筋失去弹性。

经典引文

• His two sons had both perished at sea.

  出自： J. Buchan

• The breath of raw air..perished on the steady warmth of the hall.

  出自： E. Bowen

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

perish by (v.+prep.)

〈正〉死于…之下,死于…方式 die by means of (sth)
perish by sth
Anyone who opposes the king shall perish by the sword.

反对国王者将死于剑下。

perish from (v.+prep.)

〈正〉因…而死 die from (a cause)
perish from sth
A large number of the soldiers perished from hunger and thirst.

很多士兵死于饥渴。
Many people in tropical countries perish from disease.

在热带国家,很多人死于疾病。

perish in (v.+prep.)

〈正〉因…而死,在…中死去 die in (sth such as a cause)
perish in sth
More than 200 people perished in the great floods.

在这次大水灾中,二百余人丧生。
Five people perished in the fire.

大火中有五人丧生。
Dozens perished in the storm.

暴风雨中有数十人死亡。

perish with (v.+prep.)

因…而变坏,腐烂,腐朽 decay because of (a cause)

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+副词

• perish agonizingly 使人极度痛苦地死去
• perish desolately 凄凉地死去
• perish ignominiously 不光彩地死去
• perish inevitably 必然地死去
• perish miserably 悲惨地死去
• perish simultaneously 一起死去

～+介词

• perish by 死于…
• perish from〔of〕 因…而死
• perish in 在…中死
• perish with 因…而死,因…受痛苦,因…腐朽

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. perish的基本意思是“毁灭”“死亡”,多指惨死或暴死,常用在书面语言,尤其是新闻报道中。
2. perish用于被动式,表示“…坏了”“…得要命”“使…难堪”。
3. perish常用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词或代词作宾语。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

perish, die, expire, pass away

• 这组词(组)都有“死”的意思。其区别是：
• die是这一组词中最常用的,用于一切有生命的或被人们比喻为有生命的东西; expire是书面用语,是一种委婉的说法,意思是“呼出最后一口气”; pass away是die的委婉说法,语气比较缓和; perish是较正式用语,指死于暴力或困境等非正常死亡。例如:
• He became very ill and then he died.他病得很重,接着就死了。
• The old man expired at the age of eighty.老人于80岁时逝世。
• Five people perished in the fire.大火中有五人丧生。

die，decease，expire，perish，pass away

• 这些动词或短语动词均有“死”或“死亡”之意。
• die最普通用词，指某人或某物失去生命而永远不存在。
• decease正式用词，多指法律上的用语。
• expire委婉用词。从本义“从肺部吐出气来”引申为吐出最后一口气，断气而死。
• perish书面用词，多指夭折或不幸暴亡。
• pass away是die的委婉用语。

近反义词

【近义词】

• die 死
• decease 【U】死
• succumb 屈从
• expire 终止
• disappear 消失
• decay (使)衰退
• vanish 消失
• pass away 逝世
• depart this life 离开人间, 逝世...
• give up the ghost 死
• depart 离开
• be 有
• defunct 死的
• buy the farm 摔毁一架飞机...
• exit 出口
• drop dead 暴死
• cash in one's chips 把筹码兑成钱...
• snuff it 死
• pass 通过
• conk 鼻子
• croak 嗄嗄叫
• go 去
• pop off 突然死去
• kick the bucket 一命呜呼
• choke 窒息

【反义词】

• survive 幸免于难