survive

英 [sə'vaɪv] 美 [sər'vaɪv]

• vt. 幸免于难；存活；艰难度过；比 ... 活得长
• vi. 活着；继续存在

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 继续生存; 比…活得长

   continue to live or exist; live or exist longer than; remain alive after

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 丧失
2. 残留，残存
3. 生存，存在
4. 比…活得长，在...之后还活着，比…长命，比...多活
5. 还活着，未死，存活，幸存， 活下来，幸免于死
6. 经受得住，挺过， 艰难度过
7. 得免于（难），从中得救，从…中逃生，幸免于
8. 经历（灾难后）还活着
9. 活，活着
10. 留存，保存
11. 继续生存，继续存在

英英释义

Verb:

1. continue to live through hardship or adversity;

   "We went without water and food for 3 days"
   "These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America"
   "The race car driver lived through several very serious accidents"
   "how long can a person last without food and water?"
   

2. continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.);

   "He survived the cancer against all odds"
   

3. support oneself;

   "he could barely exist on such a low wage"
   "Can you live on $2000 a month in New York City?"
   "Many people in the world have to subsist on $1 a day"
   

4. live longer than;

   "She outlived her husband by many years"
   

例句

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. She was the only one to survive the crash.
   她是这次飞机失事的唯一幸存者。
2. These birds are able to survive the perils of the Arctic winter.
   这些鸟能在北极寒冷的冬天里生存。
3. I don't know how I ever survived high school.
   我都不知道我是怎样熬过高中那段岁月的。
4. Santos is survived by his wife of 49 years.
   桑托斯的妻子比他多活了49年。

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

1. You need to be tough to survive in the jungle.
   要在丛林中活下来就要有坚忍不拔的意志。
2. We cannot survive for long without food and drink.
   我们没有食物和饮料就活不了多久。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. Of those wounded men in the battle only three survived.
   战斗中负伤的人只有三个活了下来。
2. Few survived after the flood.
   洪水过后,生还者寥寥无几。
3. He is the only man who survived after the explosion.
   爆炸发生之后,他是唯一的幸存者。
4. How long can the crash victims survive in the Arctic?
   这次飞机失事,受伤的人在北极能活多久?
5. No ship could survive in such a storm.
   遇上这样的狂风暴雨,没有一条船能幸免于难。
6. These plants won't survive without sun.
   没有阳光这些植物是不会成活的。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. She survived an earthquake.
   她在地震后幸存。
2. She survived a serious operation.
   她经过大手术后活了下来。
3. Two of the crew survived the shipwreck.
   这次海难中有两名船员幸免于死。
4. Few buildings survived the fire.
   极少数的建筑物在这场大火中幸免于毁。
5. Few birds managed to survive the winter last year.
   几乎没有鸟儿经过去年冬天活下来的。
6. His mental faculties survived his physical powers.
   他身体已衰弱,但精神还很好。
7. I hope I shall never survive my usefulness.
   我希望在我的有生之年永远不会成为废物。
8. The old lady has survived all her children.
   那位老妇人的子女都先她而去了。
9. The old man has survived his wife.
   这位老者比他的老伴儿活得长。
1
10. Mr. Tanner was survived by his wife and two children.
    坦纳先生死后留下夫人和两个孩子。

经典引文

• I have never heard of anyone surviving the bite of a black mamba.

  出自： R. Campbell

• The queen bore..nine children..of whom six survived infancy.

  出自： A. Fraser

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• survive all perils 大难不死
• survive the assaults 遭到攻击后幸存
• survive disaster 幸免于难
• survive one's health 年老体衰
• survive the shipwreck 在海难中生还
• survive one's usefulness 年老无用
• survive the war 在战争中幸免于死

～+副词

• survive courageously 英勇地继续生存
• survive heroically 英勇地生存
• survive miraculously 奇迹般地生存
• survive staunchly 坚定地继续生存
• survive undauntedly 无畏地生存着
• survive vigorously 精力充沛地继续生存

～+介词

• survive after 在…后余生
• survive by〔for〕 比…多活

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. survive的基本意思是指经过比较大的灾难后仍旧活了下来,即“继续生存”,也可指自身的生存时间相对于他人来说比较长,即“比…活得长”。
2. survive可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,后接名词或代词作宾语。可用于被动结构。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

survive, last, persist

• 这组词的共同含义是“持续存在”。其区别是：
• survive指继续生存,有时含有经历艰险之义; persist可以指人持续超过了预料的时间,也可以指坚持,还可指令人厌恶地持续; last专指继续存在,而这种存在并不是当然的,往往附有表明时间长短的状语。

survive, outlive

• 这组词都可以表示“比…活得更长”,在一些情况下可以互换,但若表示经过危险、变故而还活着时,多用survive; 而当表示在预料性的比较中或“活过”某一时期时,多用outlive; 当表示某种情况已终结时仍然继续下去时,二者均可用。

词源解说

• ☆ 1473进入英语，直接源自盎格鲁法语的survivre；最初源自古典拉丁语的supervivere：super (超过） + vivere (生活），意为活得比……长。

近反义词

【近义词】

• continue
• live
• remain

【反义词】

• die
• fail

派生词

v.(动词)

• survivor n. 幸存者；残存者；生还者‖survivorship n. 幸存；残存；生还