suffer

英 ['sʌfə(r)] 美 ['sʌfər]

• vt. 遭受；忍受；容忍，宽恕，听任；允许，准许
• vi. 受苦；患病；受损失；变差，变糟；处于不利地位

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 受痛苦; 受损害

   experience pain or difficulty; be patient with

2. vt. & vi. 忍受,承受

   tolerate

3. vt. 容许,允许

   allow

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 遭受，蒙受
2. 经历，经受
3. 宽恕，原谅，听任，任凭，忍受，容忍，忍耐
4. 允许，准许
5. 受痛苦，受难，受折磨
6. 受害，受损失，受损害
7. 受惩罚，被处决
8. 变差，变糟

英英释义

Verb:

1. undergo or be subjected to;

   "He suffered the penalty"
   "Many saints suffered martyrdom"
   

2. undergo (as of injuries and illnesses);

   "She suffered a fracture in the accident"
   "He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars"
   "She got a bruise on her leg"
   "He got his arm broken in the scuffle"
   

3. experience (emotional) pain;

   "Every time her husband gets drunk, she suffers"
   

4. put up with something or somebody unpleasant;

   "I cannot bear his constant criticism"
   "The new secretary had to endure a lot of unprofessional remarks"
   "he learned to tolerate the heat"
   "She stuck out two years in a miserable marriage"
   

5. get worse;

   "His grades suffered"
   

6. feel pain or be in pain

7. feel physical pain;

   "Were you hurting after the accident?"
   

8. feel unwell or uncomfortable;

   "She is suffering from the hot weather"
   

9. be given to;

   "She suffers from a tendency to talk too much"
   

10. undergo or suffer;

    "meet a violent death"
    "suffer a terrible fate"
    

11. be set at a disadvantage;

    "This author really suffers in translation"
    

例句

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. They suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.
   他们在经济危机时遭受了巨大的损失。
2. She couldn't suffer criticism.
   她受不了批评。
3. I can suffer your treachery, but not you incompetence.
   我可以忍受你的背叛,但不能忍受你的无能。
4. How can you suffer such insolence?
   你怎么能容忍这种蛮横的态度？

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

1. I won't stand by and let him suffer like this.
   我不会袖手旁观,让他这样受苦。
2. She suffered from a liver ailment.
   她肝部有点小毛病。
3. His business suffered greatly during the war.
   他的生意在战争中蒙受了重大损失。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. Men are born to suffer.
   人生来就是受苦的。
2. We all have to suffer at some time.
   我们一生都不免有受苦的时候。
3. “As long as I am here,I won't let the child suffer,” she said.
   她说道,“只要有我在,就不能让孩子受苦。”
4. He died very quickly; he didn't suffer much.
   他死得很快,没有经受多少痛苦。
5. They would have suffered less if we had known of it earlier.
   我们要是早一点知道这情况,他们还会少受些罪。
6. She said that she had suffered less than her companion.
   她说她经受的苦难没有她的同伴多。
7. She suffered greatly as a child.
   她童年深受苦难。
8. The war and its misery made him suffer deeply.
   这场战争及所造成的不幸使他深受其苦。
9. He suffered terribly when his mother died.
   他母亲去世时,他非常痛苦。
10. I won't stand by and see them suffer like that.
    看他们受这样的罪,我不能无动于衷。
11. The great majority of the women there suffered in the same way.
    那儿大多数妇女都受过同样的苦。
12. Be careful, or our work will suffer.
    要细心,否则我们的工作要受损失。
13. The engine suffered severely as a result.
    结果,发动机受到严重损坏。
14. If he failed, his self-esteem would suffer.
    如果他失败,他的自尊心会受到损害。
15. He was afraid his reputation would suffer because of that.
    他担心,他的声誉会因此受到损害。
16. His business suffered greatly during the war.
    战争期间他的业务受到巨大的损失。
17. Your studies will suffer if you play too much football.
    你要是总踢足球,功课就糟了。
18. He started drinking a lot and his work suffered.
    他开始酗酒后,工作就干得越来越差了。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. Fortunately he suffered no pain.
   幸好他不感到疼。
2. One of the patients was suffering shock.
   有一个病人休克了。
3. She suffered multiple injuries in the car accident.
   她在车祸中多处受伤。
4. They had suffered a lot of nervous strain and shock.
   他们经受了许多神经紧张和震扰。
5. She suffered unspeakable trouble while she considered all these questions.
   她在考虑这一切问题时,心中有说不出的烦恼。
6. He suffered the humiliation of being forced to resign.
   他蒙受了被迫辞职的羞辱。
7. If you break the law, you must be prepared to suffer the consequences.
   你如果违犯法律,就必须准备承担后果。
8. He suffered all kinds of discrimination in those dark days.
   在那黑暗的年月,他受到种种歧视。
9. He would suffer death rather than betray the secret.
   他宁死也不肯泄漏机密。
10. He suffered defeat.
    他遭受了失败。
11. They suffered some major setbacks during the fighting.
    在这次战斗中,他们遭到了严重挫折。
12. The enemy suffered heavy casualty.
    敌人伤亡惨重。
13. He could not suffer criticism.
    他不能忍受别人批评他。
14. How can you suffer such insolence?
    你怎么能容忍这种蛮横的态度?
15. I should not suffer it for a moment.
    我一刻也忍受不了了。
16. These plants cannot suffer a cold winter.
    这些植物耐不住寒冬。
17. How can you suffer her insult?
    你怎能受得了她的侮辱?

用作宾补动词

S+～+ n./pron. +to- v

1. She suffered me to come nearer.
   她允许我走近一些。
2. They suffered her to stay.
   他们容许她留下。
3. He suffered nobody to touch his flower.
   他不允许任何人碰他的花。
4. He suffered no fools to carry on the plan.
   他不允许蠢人进行那项计划。
5. We suffered the group to camp in the meadow.
   我们允许这群人在草坪上搭帐篷。
6. I won't suffer this rudeness to overpower endurance.
   我不会让这种无礼压倒忍让。
7. He suffered himself to be caught.
   他容许他自己被捕。
8. She won't suffer herself to be ill-treated.
   她不容许自己受虐待。
9. You shouldn't suffer yourself to be made a fool of.
   你不该让自己被别人愚弄。
1
10. The prisoner was not suffered to say a word.
    该囚犯被禁止发言。

经典引文

• The man..landed wrong and suffered a compound fracture of the right thigh.

  出自： Sloan Wilson

• Less fortunate concerns..have suffered a setback.

  出自：Scotsman

• The discomfiture Fiddlingchild would certainly suffer when he found out exactly what..Anna was feeling.

  出自： M. Frayn

• She had chosen to die rather than suffer recurring cancer.

  出自： A. Cross

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

suffer by (v.+prep.)

因…而受罚〔苦、损〕 be worse because of sth
suffer by sth
They are victims who suffered by wartime disasters.

他们是战时灾难的受害者。
The magazine has not suffered by a change of editorship.

这家杂志社并未因更换编辑而受到损失。
The old method suffers by comparison.

老方法相形见绌。

suffer for (v.+prep.)

因…而受罚〔苦、损〕 be worse because of sth
suffer for sth/v-ing
You will suffer for your foolishness some day.

总有一天,你会因你的愚蠢而受到惩罚。
I'll make you suffer for this insolence.

我会使你为这种傲慢态度而吃苦头。
She was very generous to him but she suffered for it when he ran away with all her money.

她对他很慷慨,可是当他偷了她所有的钱潜逃时,她只能为此而受苦。
However, you have suffered for not taking my advice.

不管怎么说,你没听我的劝告,吃了苦头。 suffer sth for sth
She suffers tortures for it.

她为此而遭受折磨。

suffer from (v.+prep.)

因…而受罚〔苦、损〕 be worse because of sth〔说明〕 suffer from作此解时通常不用于进行体。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• suffer a loss 遭受损失
• suffer a setback 遭受挫折
• suffer an apoplectic stroke 患中风
• suffer death 丧命
• suffer defeat 遭受失败
• suffer embarrassment 受窘
• suffer food poisoning 食物中毒
• suffer hardship 遭受困苦
• suffer intolerable discomfort 遭受难忍的不适
• suffer pain 遭受痛苦
• suffer persecution 受迫害
• suffer poverty 受穷
• suffer punishment 遭受惩罚
• suffer sb's bad manners 忍受某人的无礼
• suffer such conduct 忍受这种行为
• suffer such criticism 忍受这样的批评
• suffer such fools 容忍这种蠢人
• suffer such insolence 忍受此种蛮横
• suffer such treatment 忍受此种待遇
• suffer tortures 受折磨
• suffer wrong 忍受冤屈

～+副词

• suffer a great deal 备受折磨
• suffer less 少受痛苦
• suffer much 遭受很大痛苦
• suffer acutely 受很大损失
• suffer deeply 深受痛苦
• suffer dismally 默默地忍受
• suffer distressingly 令人悲痛地忍受
• suffer greatly 深受痛苦
• suffer grievously 今人痛苦地忍受
• suffer heroically 英勇地承受
• suffer intensely 强烈地忍受
• suffer joyfully 高兴地承受
• suffer keenly 强烈地忍受
• suffer miserably 痛苦地忍受
• suffer profoundly 深受痛苦
• suffer severely 严重受损
• suffer terribly 深受痛苦
• suffer wretchedly 可怜地忍受

～+介词

• suffer by 因…受罚〔苦、损〕
• suffer by comparison 相形见绌
• suffer for 因…受罚〔苦、损〕
• suffer for one's carelessness 因粗心而食恶果
• suffer for one's foolishness 因愚蠢而吃亏
• suffer for this insolence 吃了傲慢的亏
• suffer from 患…病,因…受损害
• suffer from cold and hunger 挨饿受冻
• suffer from drought 遭受旱灾
• suffer from floods 遭受水灾
• suffer from headache 患头痛
• suffer from hypertension 患高血压
• suffer from insomnia 患失眠症
• suffer from lack of rest 吃了缺乏休息的亏
• suffer from malnutrition 营养不良
• suffer from measles 出麻疹
• suffer from overwork 疲劳过度症
• suffer from slight infection 受轻度感染
• suffer from social activities 吃了社交活动的亏
• suffer from stomach-ache 患胃痛
• suffer from strange illness 患怪病
• suffer from the want of rain 因缺雨而受损
• suffer from the war 受战争的折磨
• suffer in sb's reputation 某人的名誉受到损害
• suffer like this 受像这样的苦
• suffer much through sb 因某人受大损失
• suffer under the cruel teasing 因受残酷戏弄而痛苦
• suffer under the dentist 因治牙而受苦
• suffer a great deal with liver 因肝病而受了许多罪
• suffer without complaining 毫无怨言地忍受

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. suffer的基本意思是“受苦”,所受的痛苦可以是肉体上的,也可以是精神上的,也可指某人或某集体“遭受利益上的损失”。还可作“忍受,承受”“变坏〔差、糟〕”“容许,允许”等解。
2. suffer既可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,常接表示不吉利的名词(如痛苦、失败、惩罚等)作宾语。作“忍受,承受”解时,一般用于否定句或疑问句; 作“容许,允许”解时,通常只用作宾补动词,接动词不定式充当宾语补足语,可用于被动结构。
3. suffer用作不及物动词时,常与介词from, for, by等连用,表示“因…而受罚〔苦、损〕”。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

suffer, bear, endure, put up with, stand, tolerate

• 参见bear条。

suffer, experience, experiment, sustain, undergo

• 这组词的共同意思是“经历”。其区别是：
• 1.experience指人们“经历”过的事情,即生活中所遇到的事情或通过学习、实践取得经验的过程; experiment指科学家进行的试验或为了检验某种效果而进行的任何活动; suffer指体验到伤害和困苦; sustain指遭受苦难,但不一定有勇气或坚忍精神; undergo强调被迫经受不愉快的事或苦难,也可指经历时间。例如:
• The Chinese people have experienced untold sufferings under imperialist oppression.在帝国主义的压迫下,中国人民遭受了无数的苦难。
• They experimented on electricity.他们做电学实验。
• He seemed to have suffered a great deal.他好像受了很多苦。
• He has sustained a great loss by the death of his father.父亲死了,他遭受了巨大损失。
• He undergoes hardships.他备尝艰难。
• 2.experience通常与动词have连用,而experiment通常与动词do连用。

stand，bear，endure，tolerate，suffer，abide，withstand

• 这些动词均含“忍受”之意。
• stand口语用词，常可与hear换用，但侧重指经受得起。
• bear强调容忍，是普通用语。
• endure书面用词，指长时间忍受痛苦和不幸，着重体力或意志力的坚强不屈服。
• tolerate指以自我克制的态度，对待令人反感或厌恶的东西，含默认宽容意味。
• suffer通常指非自愿或被迫忍受各种痛苦、困难或不快，强调受到苦难。
• abide指忍受长期的痛苦或折磨，强调耐心和屈从。多用于否定句和疑问句中。
• withstand指因具有一定实力、权力或能力而能忍受某种情况。

undergo，experience，sustain，suffer

• 这些动词均有“经历，经受，遭受”之意。
• undergo多指经受艰难、痛苦、不愉快或危险等事。
• experience指亲身经受或体验某事。
• sustain指遭受痛苦或承受负担。
• suffer常可与sustain通用，尤指受到损害或伤害。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 失去学生的尊重,他很痛苦。

   误 He suffered from the loss of his pupil's respect.

   正 He suffered the loss of his pupil's respect.

   析 表示“遭受损失〔痛苦〕”时, suffer通常用作及物动词,后面直接接宾语,而不必用suffer from的形式。

词源解说

• ☆ 13世纪初期进入英语，直接源自盎格鲁法语的suffrir；最初源自拉丁语的sufferre：sub (自下而上） + ferre (提），意为从下往上托起。

近反义词

【近义词】

• abide
• accept
• bear
• brook
• endure
• experience
• experiment
• stand
• submit
• sustain
• tolerate
• torment
• undergo

【反义词】

• enjoy 享受

派生词

v.(动词)

• sufferance n. 勉强被容许地；由于勉强容许；只是由于宽容‖sufferer n. 患病者,受害者‖suffering n. 身体或心灵的痛苦,苦难;各种苦恼;折磨