abide

英 [ə'baɪd] 美 [ə'baɪd]

• v. 遵守；忍受；坚持

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 容忍,忍受

   tolerate; endure; bear; accept willingly

2. vi. 逗留,居住

   stay or live (in a place or condition)

3. vt. & vi. 等候

   wait for

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 遵守
2. 逗留
3. 居住
4. 忍受
5. 容忍
6. 住
7. 等待
8. 保持
9. 继续
10. 忍耐
11. 等候
12. 持续
13. 停留
14. 居留
15. 遵循
16. 顶住
17. <古>逗留
18. 继续存在
19. 继续下去
20. 维持下去
21. 留下
22. 守候
23. 经受住
24. 坚持

英英释义

Verb:

1. dwell;

   "You can stay with me while you are in town"
   "stay a bit longer--the day is still young"
   

2. put up with something or somebody unpleasant;

   "I cannot bear his constant criticism"
   "The new secretary had to endure a lot of unprofessional remarks"
   "he learned to tolerate the heat"
   "She stuck out two years in a miserable marriage"
   

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. Everyone must abide by the law.
   所有的人都应遵守法律。
2. Once you make a promise, you must abide by it.
   一旦你许诺,你必须遵守你的诺言。
3. She can't abide that man.
   她不能忍受那个人。
4. I cannot abide the loud noise anymore.
   我再也无法忍受这么大的噪音。
5. I abide by what I said.
   我坚持我所说的话。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. She was forced to abide here.
   她被迫住在这里。
2. They abide here for some time.
   他们在这里住了些时候。
3. They abide here for a year.
   他们在这里住了一年。
4. We shall abide till the battle is won.
   我们一直等待到这场战争获得胜利。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. She can't abide that man.
   她无法忍受那个男人。
2. I can't abide that fellow.
   我无法忍受那个家伙。
3. How can you abide such a person?
   你怎么能屈从于这样的人?
4. I can't abide noisy people.
   我受不了吵闹的人。
5. I can not abide him.
   我对他忍无可忍。
6. How can you abide him?
   你怎么能容忍他?
7. How could abide each other?
   他们俩怎么能相安无事？
8. A good housekeeper cannot abide dust.
   好家庭主妇绝不容许屋子里有灰尘。
9. Who can abide that?
   谁受的了那个？
10. I can't abide dishonesty.
    我不能容忍欺骗。
11. She can't abide his rudeness.
    她不能忍受他的粗鲁行为。
12. She can hardly abide sulks.
    她实在难以忍受绷着脸生气的人。
13. The boy was too young to abide such heavy work.
    这孩子太小,干不了这样的重活。
14. They're unwilling to abide the verdict of the judges.
    他们不愿服从法官们的裁决。
15. We are a people of prayer, and good works to boot, and abide no such wickedness.
    我们这个家族是虔诚的，同时又是行善积德的，决不会容忍这种败行劣迹。
16. The one thing he cannot abide is slacking.
    唯一使他无法忍受的就是做事磨洋工。
17. She'll abide her time.
    她将等待时机。
18. They are abiding the event.
    他们正等待着这件事的发生。
19. I will abide the result of the experiment.
    我将等着这次试验结果出来。

S+～+to- v

1. I can't abide to see such fellows.
   我无法忍受看到那伙人。
2. She couldn't abide to live in poverty.
   她过不了穷日子。
3. He cannot abide to stay in one position for long.
   他不能忍受长时间呆在一个位置上。
4. I know you can't abide to spend money.
   我知道你舍不得花钱。
5. He could never abide to be helped into the saddle.
   他最受不了人家扶他上马。

S+～+ v -ing

1. I can't abide seeing such fellows.
   我无法忍受看到那伙人。
2. She cannot abide seeing such cruelty.
   她不忍目睹这种残暴行为。
3. She never could abide seeing people enjoying themselves.
   她从来无法忍受看到人们快活。
4. I can't abide getting up early.
   我无法忍受早起。
5. We all will abide your coming.
   我们将等待你的到来。
6. Unable to abide waiting, Kunta stole away that night.
   等不及了，昆塔当天晚上便溜走了。
7. That's the way he was—he couldn't abide being praised.
   他就是这样的人，不让人表扬。

经典引文

• Abide you here with the asse.

  出自：Bible (AV): Genesis

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

abide at (v.+prep.)

〈旧〉在…居住；在…逗留live or stay at (a place)
abide at sth
They abide at a remote village.

他们住在一个偏远的村子里。
She abided at New York.

她住在纽约。

abide by (v.+prep.)

接受（不愉快的事等）,承担（后果等）accept sth without complaint
abide by n\u002e/pron\u002e
We must abide by the rules of the game.

我们必须遵守游戏规则。
If you join the club you must abide its rules.

如果你加入这个俱乐部，就必须遵守俱乐部的规定。
Resident aliens must abide by the laws of this country.

外国侨民必须遵守这个国家的法律。
We must abide by her decision.

我们必须按她的决定行事。
We will abide by your decision.

我们将听从你的决定。
Both sides should trustworthily abide by the contract.

双方均应恪守本合同。
They have always abided by their promises.

他们总是信守诺言。
If you make a promise, abide by it.

如果你许下诺言，就要信守它.
Having made our decision, we must abide by it.

决议已经做出，我们就得遵守。
Let us abide temporarily by the majority

让我们暂时服从多数人的意见吧。 abide by what -clause
I abide by what I said.

我讲过的话是算数的。
You must abide by what you have said.

你说话要算数。 abide by sth
Abide by your decision.

坚持你的决定。
He abides by his resolution.

他不改初衷。
The old man abides by his opinion.

这老人固执己见。 abide by sb
He abides by his friends.

他忠于朋友。 abide by sth
You must abide by the results of your mistakes.

犯了错误，你就得自食其果。
You must abide by consequences of your decision.

你必须承担你所做决定的后果。

abide in (v.+prep.)

继续下去
abide in sth
She abides in New York.

她住在纽约。
She used to abide in Guangzhou.

她过去常住在广州。
They abide in a remote village.

他们住在一个偏远的村子里。
He abided in a small Scottish village almost all his life.

他在苏格兰的一个小村子几乎住了一辈子。
They abided in the wooded hills.

他们一直住在树木茂密的山里。
They would abide in the summer house.

他们宁愿住在避暑别墅里。
He abided in the wilderness for forty days.

他在荒野中度过了40天。
When he came to London on business, he abided in the Thompsons'.

他到伦敦办事时，住在汤普森家。
The king went to visit his daughter and abode in her palace for ten days.

国王去看望女儿，在她的宫中住了十天。 abide in sth/ v -ing
You shall abide in my love.

我永远爱你。

abide with (v.+prep.)

（事）保持于（某人）
abide with sb
Abide with me 《

与我同在》（亨利·弗朗西斯·莱特的一首赞美诗名）
I asked her to abide with me a while longer.

我请她和我在一起多呆一会。
When was in London, Tom abided with his friend.

在伦敦时，汤姆和他朋友住在一起。
She abided with her aunt for six years.

她和姨妈在一起住了六年。
The man abided with the woman for twenty years.

这男子和这女子同居了二十年。
The child abided with his grandparents for three and a half years before being returned to his parents.

在回到父母身边之前，这孩子和他祖父母一起生活了三年半。
Abide with me; fast falls theeventide. The darkness deepens; Lod, with me abide.

留下呆我家；夜幕降临早。暮色已苍茫，主啊，留下呆我家。 abide with sb
The love abides with him all his days.

他一生都保持着这份爱情。
My love of talk still abides with me.

我还保持着喜欢谈天的习惯。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• abide an event 等待某件事的发生
• abide a person 屈从一个人
• abide a vigorous onslaught 顶住猛烈的攻击
• abide dishonesty 容忍欺骗
• abide each other 彼此相安无事
• abide one's doom 视死如归
• abide one's time 等待时机
• abide sb's rudeness 忍受某人的粗鲁行为
• abide such heavy work 干得了这样的重活
• abide the fate which abides sb 等待着某人的命运
• abide the result 等候结果
• abide the verdict of the judge 服从法官的裁决

副词+～

• trustworthly abide 忠实地遵守
• abide faithfully by 忠实地遵守
• abide staunchly by 忠诚于
• abide temporarily by 暂时服从

～+介词

• abide by appeal of 按照…的请求
• abide by discipline 遵守纪律
• abide by one's commitment 忠实履行自己的承诺
• abide by one's opinion 坚持己见
• abide by one's friends 忠于朋友
• abide by one's promises 信守诺言
• abide by terms 遵守条件
• abide by the agreement 遵守协定
• abide by the consequences 承担后果
• abide by the constitution 遵守宪法
• abide by the contract 遵守合同
• abide by the inevitable 迫不得已
• abide by the orders 遵从命令
• abide by the laws 遵守法律
• abide by the principle 坚持原则
• abide by the principle of fairness 遵循公平原则
• abide by the rules 遵守规章
• abide by the truth 坚持真理
• abide by WTO rules 遵守世界贸易组织规则

词语用法

1. 关于abide的形容词形式，从“遵守，坚持”的意义上来说，使用 abided 是正常的，但从古义上来说，当表示“保留，居住”时只可以用 abode 作为形容词。

v. (动词)

1. abide的基本意思是“容忍,忍受”,指 遵守（法律、诺言、决定等）；坚持（意见、真理等）；承担（后果等）。
2. abide作“容忍,忍受”解时,指长时间忍受不愉快的事情,容忍别人的行为或者忍受自身的痛苦或不幸而不屈服,侧重耐心与顺从。可用于口语，一般用作及物动词,接名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式作宾语。常用于否定句或疑问句中，常与can/could连用。
3. abide作“逗留”“居住”解时一般用作不及物动词,常与介词in或 at连用表示“逗留的地点”，或与with连用表示“与某人一同居住”。多用于法律或文学上,是古旧用法。
4. abide作“等候”解时多指耐心等待某种结果。一般用作及物动词，可接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。偶尔也可用作不及物动词。多用于正式文体中。
5. abide by可指“遵守”法律、“信守”诺言、“忠于”某人或“承担”后果等。一般用于正式文体中。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

abide, inhabit，linger, live, remain，reside, stay，tarry

• 这几个词都含有一段时间内持续地处于某处的意思，其区别在于:
• 1.从时间上说：live, inhabit，reside指出于生计而较长时间居住在某地；而linger，remain，stay, tarry则指因特殊情况而较短时间逗留于某地；而abide则指长期居住或较长时间的逗留。
• 2.从含意上说:live是普通用语,指住在某一地方；inhabit指因适应自然环境而定居；reside则强调其固定性和合法性；stay强调特殊情况下持续逗留，多用于访问者或旅行者；remain指留在后面或在其他人都走后被留下；tarry指本应离开或继续做某事而留下所作的逗留；linger多用于逗留时间超出原有安排或耽误了与他人的约会却不想离开，偶尔也表示故意耽搁或不愿离去；而abide则含有“耐心等待某种结果”的意味。
• 3.从用法上说：live, abide, linger，remain，reside，stay, tarry都是不及物动词；而inhabit是及物动词。
• 4.从语体上说：live多用于日常口语；reside为正式用词,而abide则常用在法律和文学上,是较为陈旧、文气的用法。
• 例如:
• They abided here for some times.他们在这儿住了一段时间。
• This district is densely inhabited.这个地区的人口密度很高。
• The patient lingered out several more years.病人又挨过了好几年。
• While the children are living under my roof, they will have to obey my orders.孩子们住在我这儿就得听我的话。
• They reside in a cottage at the foot of the mountain.他们居住在山脚下的一所小屋里。
• I don't live here I am only staying.我不住这儿，我只是呆几天罢了。
• He tarried at the inn till he felt strong enough to travel.他在觉得自己有体力去旅行之前，一直呆在那家小旅店里。
• Some children like to tarry on the way to school.有些小孩喜欢在上学路上逗留耽搁。

abide, continue，endure，last，persist

• 这几个词都含有无限期地存在或处于特定进程、状态中的意思，即“继续”“存在”，其区别在于:
• 1.从含意上说，abide强调稳定与持久；continue强调没有结束，而不在乎其持续时间或性质；last强调其存在时间超过正常或所期望（有限定词限定时除外）；persist也强调持续时间超过正常或规定，另外，在指偶发性事件时还常含复发之意；而endure还多一层抗争的意味，尤指与破坏性的因素抗争。
• 2.从用法上说，abide,endure和persist是不及物动词；而continue和last则既可用作不及物动词，也可用作及物动词。
• 例如：
• Though many features were abiding, the changes were much felt.尽管某些特征依然存在，仍可感到发生的各种变化。
• The weather continued fine.天气仍然很好。
• The war lasted five years.这场战争连续打了5年。
• The hot weather lasted until September.炎热的天气一直持续到9月。
• The tendency still persists.那种倾向依然存在。
• His fame endures for ever.他的声名永垂不朽。

abide，bear, endure, put up with, stand, suffer, tolerate

• 这几个词(组)的共同意思是“忍受”或“容忍”。其区别是：
• 1.bear和stand主要指对饥寒、疼痛、不幸、损失、困难和侮辱等的忍受或承受; endure主要指对重大灾祸和困难的长时间地忍受; tolerate主要指容忍和自己的愿望相反的事; put up with指容忍某些不愉快的或有轻微伤害的事情；abide既指忍受自身的痛苦，也指容忍他人的行为。例如:
• He can stand more pain than anyone else.他比任何人更能忍受痛苦。
• You must be ready to endure hardships and even death.你必须准备忍受艰苦,甚至死亡。
• The teacher cannot tolerate eating in the class.老师不容许在课堂上吃东西。
• There're many inconveniences that have to be put up with when you're camping.在你露营时,有很多不便之处须忍受。
• You'll have to abide by the consequence.你将必须忍受其后果。
• I can't abide loud noise.我无法忍受大声吵闹。
• 2.bear多用于强调忍受的能力,不太强调其态度; endure则强调默默地、无怨言地忍受,但不屈服; stand强调自我约制、经受得起、不屈不挠; suffer侧重于表示无可奈何、无能为力的状态; tolerate强调宽恕和耐力；abide强调耐心和顺从。 例如:
• She endures all her troubles bravely.她勇敢地忍受着种种不幸。
• She couldn't stand being kept waiting.她不能忍受别人让她等候。
• He suffered a great deal from cold and hunger.他备受饥寒交迫之苦。
• They happily tolerated the existence of opinions contrary to their own.他们以愉快的心情容许反对意见的存在。
• I had to abide by the consequence.我不得不忍耐这种结果。
• 3.suffer指不是出于自己的主观意志,而是被动、不随主观意志的动作; 而其余各词(组)则与之相反,表示出自己主观意志的动作。例如:
• He suffered the humiliation of being forced to resign.他蒙受了被迫辞职的羞辱。
• I cannot put up with your behaviour any longer.我再也不能忍受你的行为了。
• I won't tolerate your bad manners any longer.我再也不能忍受你的无礼。
• I can't stand his boasting.我受不了他的自吹自擂。
• I can't endure his suffering.我不忍看他受苦。
• I can't abide rude people.我不能容忍粗鲁之人。
• 4.abide，bear, stand和endure多用于否定句, put up with可用于否定句,也可用于肯定句。bear是个普通用语,而stand和put up with多用于口语中。put up with是非正式用法, endure比bear和stand更正式,语气较强。

stand，bear，endure，tolerate，suffer，abide，withstand

• 这些动词均含“忍受”之意。
• stand口语用词，常可与hear换用，但侧重指经受得起。
• bear强调容忍，是普通用语。
• endure书面用词，指长时间忍受痛苦和不幸，着重体力或意志力的坚强不屈服。
• tolerate指以自我克制的态度，对待令人反感或厌恶的东西，含默认宽容意味。
• suffer通常指非自愿或被迫忍受各种痛苦、困难或不快，强调受到苦难。
• abide指忍受长期的痛苦或折磨，强调耐心和屈从。多用于否定句和疑问句中。
• withstand指因具有一定实力、权力或能力而能忍受某种情况。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 必须遵守学校规则。

   误 The school regulations must be abided by.

   正 We must abide by the school regulations.

   析 abide by通常不用在被动句中,应改为主动句,并根据需要用主语we, you或其他词。

词源解说

• ☆ 10世纪前进入英语，直接源自古英语的abidan，意为保持，保留。

近反义词

【近义词】

• adhere
• bear
• endure
• observe
• last
• put up with

【反义词】

• disobey