soil

英 [sɔɪl] 美 [sɔɪl]

• n. 土地；土壤；污物，粪便
• v. 弄污

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [U] [C] 泥土,土壤,土地

   the top covering of the earth in which plants grows; ground

v. (动词)

1. vi. & vt. 弄脏; 污辱

   make dirty especially slightly or on the surface or with bodily waste matter

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 污物，污斑，脏东西，污秽
2. 土地，土壤，土，泥土
3. 肥料
4. 粪便，粪尿
5. 温床
6. 国土
7. 堕落
8. 滋生地
9. 领土
10. 国家
11. 土质
12. 务农
13. 农业

v. 动词

1. 弄脏，玷污，弄污
2. 腐蚀，败坏
3. 被弄脏，变脏
4. 污染，污损
5. 喂青草，用青饲料喂（牲口），用青秣饲料喂
6. 通便
7. 催肥
8. 给...上粪
9. 污辱

英英释义

Noun:

1. the state of being covered with unclean things

2. the part of the earth's surface consisting of humus and disintegrated rock

3. material in the top layer of the surface of the earth in which plants can grow (especially with reference to its quality or use);

   "the land had never been plowed"
   "good agricultural soil"
   

4. the geographical area under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state;

   "American troops were stationed on Japanese soil"
   

Verb:

1. make soiled, filthy, or dirty;

   "don't soil your clothes when you play outside!"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. It's rich there because of the fertility of soil.
   因为土地肥沃，那儿很富裕。
2. Fertile soil yields good crops.
   肥沃的土地能种出好庄稼。
3. This kind of soil contains much alkali.
   这种土壤含碱丰富。
4. He transplanted the seedlings into peaty soil.
   他把幼苗移栽到含泥炭的土壤里。

用作动词 (v.)

1. Her slanderous words soiled his reputation.
   她中伤性的话损害了他的名誉。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. This soil is good for growing things.
   这种土壤适宜种植庄稼。
2. She makes her living from the soil.
   她依靠土地谋生。
3. He was born on Irish soil.
   他出生在爱尔兰。
4. The soldiers longed to return to their native soil.
   士兵们渴望返回故土。
5. Some believe that poverty seeds the soil for crime.
   有些人认为贫穷是犯罪的温床。
6. What's that soil on your collar?
   你领子上的脏东西是什么?
7. Yulan magnolia can adapt to a variety of soils.
   玉兰花能适应各种土壤。

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. White gloves soil easily.
   白手套很容易弄脏。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. The little boy soiled his trousers.
   小男孩把裤子弄脏了。
2. The splashing paint soiled the wall.
   飞溅的漆弄脏了墙。
3. He soiled his hands repairing the car.
   他修汽车弄脏了手。
4. I wouldn't soil my hands on such a dishonest scheme.
   我不会让这样一项骗人的计划弄脏我的双手。
5. Malicious gossip can soil a person's reputation.
   恶意的流言蜚语会损害一个人的名誉。
1
6. The shirt collar was badly soiled and would never be white again.
   衣领太脏了,不能再像原来那样白了。

其他

v -ed as Attrib.

1. She put the soiled clothes into the water.
   她把脏衣服放到水中。

经典引文

• The marble head..lying deep in the soil.

  出自： E. Langley

• The..beans lifted their..heads from the soil.

  出自： P. S. Buck

• Boredom is rich soil for..rancour.

  出自： fig.

• This dress is less liable to take a soil.

  出自： Jane Taylor

• The lusts of the flesh soiled his spiritual being.

  出自： H. E. Manning

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• conserve the soil 水土保持
• farm the soil 耕作土地,耕种土地
• improve soil 改良土壤
• prepare the soil for seed 整理土地准备播种
• till the soil 耕地
• turn up the soil 掘出底土
• wash away soil 水土流失
• work the soil 种田

形容词+～

• damp soil 潮湿的土壤
• dark soil 深色土壤
• dry soil 干燥的土壤
• fertile soil 肥沃的土壤
• firm soil 坚硬的土壤
• good soil 沃土
• heavy soil 难耕地
• hungry soil 瘠土
• light-coloured soil 浅色土壤
• packed soil 压得坚实的土壤
• poor soil 贫瘠的土地
• productive soil 肥沃的土壤
• rich soil 沃土
• sandy soil 沙土
• soft soil 软土
• workable soil 可耕作的土地
• foreign soil 异国他乡
• native soil 故乡,家乡,国土

名词+～

• clay soil 黏土
• night soil 大粪

～+名词

• soil improvement 土壤的改良

介词+～

• make a living from the soil 靠种地为生
• be rooted in the soil 在土壤中生根
• child of the soil 农民,本地出生的男人
• son of the soil 农民,本地出生的男人
• on foreign soil 在外国
• under the soil 在地下
• upon the soil 在土地上

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• soil the family honour 玷污家庭的名誉

～+副词

• soil brutally 蛮横地弄脏
• soil curtly 草率无礼地弄脏
• soil darkly 无知地弄脏
• soil easily 容易弄脏
• soil impossibly 不可能弄脏
• soil indirectly 间接弄脏
• soil needlessly 不必要地弄脏
• soil obviously 明显地弄脏
• soil quickly 很快弄脏
• soil repeatedly 不断地弄脏
• soil unconsciously 不知不觉地弄脏

词语用法

n. (名词)

1. soil的意思是“泥土,土壤,土地”,本意指可生长植物的“土壤”“土地”,属地球表面的一部分,也可作“领土”“故土”解,还可引申为“滋生地”“脏东西”,是不可数名词。
2. soil作“某种土壤”解时是可数名词。

v. (动词)

1. soil主要用作及物动词,作“(使)…弄脏”解,接名词、代词作宾语。偶尔可用作不及物动词,这时主动形式含有被动意义。
2. soil的过去分词soiled常用作形容词作定语。

词义辨析

n. (名词)

soil, earth, ground, land

• 这组词的共同意思是“地面,陆地”。其区别是：
• earth是相对于天空或太空而言的“地面”; land是指地球表面相对于海洋而言时的“地面”,有时还可指“地产”。例如:
• After working at sea for several years,I got a job on land.在海上工作数年之后,我在陆地找了一份工作。
• The duke's lands stretch for many miles in all directions.方圆许多英里之内都是公爵的地产。
• ground指人们在上面行走的地面或具有一定面积限度的空地。例如:
• The apple fell to the ground.苹果掉落到地上。
• soil主要表示栽培植物的“土壤”,也可引申为“国土,国度”。例如:
• This soil is good for growing things.这土壤很适合种植。
• They trod on this country's soil.他们在这个国度里做买卖。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古法语的suel，意为土地。

近反义词

【近义词】

• dirt
• earth
• land
• defile
• dirty
• stain