sanction

英 ['sæŋkʃn] 美 ['sæŋkʃn]

• n. 批准；约束力；处罚
• vt. 批准；支持

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [U] 〈正〉批准,认可

   formal or official permission; approval; acceptance

2. [C] 〈正〉制裁

   a formal action or punishment (to be) ordered when a law or rule is broken

3. [S] 〈正〉约束力

   sth that forces the keeping of a rule or standard

v. (动词)

1. vt. 批准; 认可

   accept, approve or permit

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 批准
2. 约束力
3. 制裁
4. 认可
5. 赞许
6. 支持
7. 鼓励
8. 国际制裁
9. 奖惩附加条款
10. 处罚
11. 准许
12. 承认
13. 赏罚
14. 【律】惩罚
15. 良心制裁
16. 制裁力
17. 【史】法令
18. 制裁方式
19. 许可

v. 动词

1. 认可
2. 批准
3. 支持
4. 赞许
5. 鼓励
6. 许可
7. 对…实施制裁
8. 承认
9. 准予
10. 惩罚
11. 实施制裁
12. 制定制裁规则
13. 核准
14. 同意
15. 公认
16. 准许

英英释义

Noun:

1. formal and explicit approval;

   "a Democrat usually gets the union's endorsement"
   

2. a mechanism of social control for enforcing a society's standards

3. official permission or approval;

   "authority for the program was renewed several times"
   

4. the act of final authorization;

   "it had the sanction of the church"
   

Verb:

1. give sanction to;

   "I approve of his educational policies"
   

2. give authority or permission to

3. give religious sanction to, such as through on oath;

   "sanctify the marriage"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. The minister can only act in this matter with the sanction of Parliament.
   部长只有得到国会批准才能就此事采取行动。
2. The book was translated without the sanction of the author.
   这本书未经作者许可就给翻译了。
3. Western nations imposed tough sanctions on the country.
   西方各国对这个国家实行了严厉制裁。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. The church would not sanction the king's second marriage.
   教会不会批准国王第二次结婚。
2. They refused to sanction segregation.
   他们拒绝支持种族隔离。
3. They were satisfied with this pragmatic sanction.
   他们满足于得到实用上的支持。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. Official sanction has not yet been given.
   尚未获得正式批准。
2. The custom will never receive the sanction of tradition.
   那种风俗绝不会作为传统的东西而被提倡。
3. The United Nations Security Council took sanctions against the aggressor country.
   联合国安理会对侵略国采取了制裁措施。
4. Prison is the best sanction against a crime like this.
   为遏止这类罪行,监禁手段是上策。

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. They officially sanctioned the work.
   他们正式批准了这项工作。
2. The church would not sanction the king's second marriage.
   教会不同意国王再婚。
3. How can you sanction such rudeness?
   你怎么会准许这种粗鲁的行为呢?
1
4. Torture should never be sanctioned.
   决不准许严刑拷打。
5. Our plan wasn't sanctioned by the board of directors.
   我们的计划没有得到董事会的批准。
6. The wrong pronunciation of the word is sanctioned by public usage.
   这个词的错误读音已被习俗认同。

S+～+ v -ing

1. Her conscience does not sanction stealing.
   她的良心不准许行窃。
2. Would you sanction flogging as a punishment for crimes of violence?
   你赞许鞭打作为对暴力罪行的一种处罚吗?

经典引文

• The British Government should stop the international oil companies brazenly flouting sanctions.

  出自： D. Caute

• It is difficult..to imagine how sanctions against inchastity could be reimposed.

  出自：Times Literary Supplement

• Countries whose laissez-faire attitudes had encouraged sanctions-breaking.

  出自： attrib.

• Plays which the censor would not sanction for the London stage.

  出自： E. F. Benson

• A weary world, pleading..for peace, has often found the church morally sanctioning war.

  出自： M. L. King

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• apply〔impose, take〕the sanction 实行制裁
• get〔obtain, receive, secure〕 the sanction 得到认可〔批准〕

形容词+～

• legal sanction 法律制裁
• moral〔social〕 sanction 道德〔社会〕的约束力

介词+～

• under sb's sanction 在某人的认可之下
• with the sanction 得到批准
• without sanction 未经批准

～+介词

• sanction against 对…的制裁
• sanction to 批准…

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• sanction plan〔project〕 批准计划
• sanction such rudeness 认可这种粗野行为
• sanction the work 批准这项工作

～+副词

• sanction beneficently 仁慈地批准
• sanction expressly〔unequivocally〕 明确地批准
• sanction philosophically 冷静地批准
• sanction solemnly 庄严地批准
• sanction tacitly 默认地批准

～+介词

• sanction as 同意…作为…
• sanction by 被认为

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. sanction的基本意思是“批准,认可”,属于正式用语,多指立法部门、宗教界或舆论界的裁定或认可。
2. sanction用作及物动词,接名词、代词、动名词作宾语,可用于被动结构。

词义辨析

approve，confirm，sanction

• 这些动词均有“批准”之意。
• approve普通用词，常指正式的或官方的批准。
• confirm强调按法律程序提出确认或批准。
• sanction语气最强，多指官方的同意或批准，是书面用词。

词源解说

• ☆ 15世纪初期进入英语，直接源自拉丁语的sanctionem，意为颁发命令。

近反义词

【近义词】

• approve 批准
• support 支持
• permit 许可证
• authorize 批准
• allow 允许
• authorization 授权(书)
• permission 许可
• accept 接受
• encouragement 鼓励
• affirmation 肯定
• restriction 限制
• penalty 处罚
• license 许可证
• ban 禁止
• pass 通过
• endorse 赞同
• Ok 好
• warrant 委任状
• authority 权力
• enable 使能够
• empower 授权
• accession 到达
• subscription 订阅
• acceptance 认可
• concession 让步
• ordain 任命
• favor 偏爱
• certificate 执照
• O.K. 好，对，行
• indorsement 票据等后面的署名...
• countenance 面容
• endorsement 支持
• Okay <表示同意或允许>好的...
• imprimatur (官方颁发的)出版许可...
• authorisation 授权
• confirm 证实

【反义词】

• interdict 禁止