retire

英 [rɪ'taɪə(r)] 美 [rɪ'taɪər]

• v. 退休；撤退；离去；就寝；主动退出比赛；收回（货币）；赎回（票据）
• n. 退休，退职

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. (使)退休; 退下; 撤退

   (cause to) stop working at one's job, profession, etc.; go away to a quiet or less control place; move back intentionally, without being forced to

2. vi. 就寝

   go to bed

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 撤退，退却，后退
2. 退休，退职，退役
3. 离开，退出；告退；退隐，隐居
4. 就寝，去睡觉
5. 使退休，使退役
6. 【军】撤退，退却，后退
7. 退去，退下
8. 撤回
9. 赎回，收回
10. 【棒】使出局
11. 撤离
12. 引退
13. 似在后退
14. 辞退，解职
15. 使停止使用
16. 使（击球手）出局

n. 名词

1. 退隐，隐居
2. 退隐所
3. 【军】退兵信号
4. 撤退号
5. 退休，退职

英英释义

Verb:

1. go into retirement; stop performing one's work or withdraw from one's position;

   "He retired at age 68"
   

2. withdraw from active participation;

   "He retired from chess"
   

3. pull back or move away or backward;

   "The enemy withdrew"
   "The limo pulled away from the curb"
   

4. withdraw from circulation or from the market, as of bills, shares, and bonds

5. break from a meeting or gathering;

   "We adjourned for lunch"
   "The men retired to the library"
   

6. make (someone) retire;

   "The director was retired after the scandal"
   

7. dispose of (something no longer useful or needed);

   "She finally retired that old coat"
   

8. lose interest;

   "he retired from life when his wife died"
   

9. cause to be out on a fielding play

10. cause to get out;

    "The pitcher retired three batters"
    "the runner was put out at third base"
    

11. prepare for sleep;

    "I usually turn in at midnight"
    "He goes to bed at the crack of dawn"
    

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. My father retired at the age of 60.
   我父亲六十岁时退休了。
2. The old worker decided to retire to the country.
   那们老工人决定退休后搬到乡下去。
3. Our forces retired to prepared positions.
   我们的部队撤退到既设阵地上。
4. After lunch he retired to his study.
   他午饭后就到书房去了。
5. I decided to retire early with a book.
   我决定带本书早点就寝。
6. She fell badly, spraining her ankle, and had to retire.
   她摔得很重，扭伤了脚踝，只好退出比赛。
7. Companies may retire their bonds payable before maturity.
   企业可以在债券到期之前赎回他们的应付债券。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. Mr. Smith retired last month and now lives his ease.
   史密斯先生上月退休,现在过着平静的生活。
2. Once people retire they automatically cease to be union members.
   人们一旦退休就自动不再是工会会员。
3. Immediately after dinner they retired.
   他们吃完晚饭就回自己屋里去了。
4. My wife usually retires at 10 o'clock.
   我妻子通常10点钟就寝。
5. The house was shut up; everyone had retired.
   房门关上了,每个人都已回屋睡觉了。
6. She retired early with a good book this night.
   今天晚上,她拿着一本好书很早就上床了。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. We'll retire him the first chance we have.
   一有机会我们就要让他退休。
2. It was found necessary to retire several generals who lacked energy and enterprise.
   使几位缺乏精力和上进心的将军解职是必要的。
1
3. Some of the older workers were retired early.
   有些老工人提前退休。

经典引文

• He made retire From his companions, and set forth.

  出自： Keats

• No. 28 overturned and..retired from the race.

  出自： E. Waugh

• They retired early and lay in their beds.

  出自： E. Langley

• The doctor in disgust..had retired to the country.

  出自： G. Greene

• His illness..finally forced him to retire.

  出自： E. Pawel

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

retire from (v.+prep.)

从…撤退 move back from (a position)
retire from sth/v-ing
When Jim's uncle retired from the railway company, he was given a gold watch.

吉姆的伯父从铁路上退休时得到一块金表。
They had decided to retire from farming.

他们决定不再务农。
Gradually the shore retired from view.

海岸逐渐后退,最终从视野中消失。 retire sth from sth
The government retires worn or torn dollar bills from use.

政府将破烂的钞票回收停用。 retire from sth
The officer ordered the troop to retire from the action.

军官下令将部队撤出战斗。
The soldiers received orders to retire from the positions that they had just won.

士兵们接到命令从他们刚刚占领的阵地上撤退。

retire from the world (v.+prep.+n.)

归隐 enter a religious order, or live alone from principle, seeing no one

retire into oneself (v.+prep.+pron.)

变得沉默寡言,不愿同别人交谈 become very quiet and unwilling to talk to people

retire on (v.+prep.)

退休后靠…(生活) have a (income) at the end of one's working life
retire on sth
People who retire on fixed incomes have the greatest difficulty with rising prices.

靠固定退休金生活的人最难以应付的是不断上涨的物价。

retire to (v.+prep.)

退到,去往… move to (a place) at the end of one's life's work
retire to sth
He retired to his bedroom.

他回卧室去了。
At the end of the meal, we all retired to the garden.

吃完晚饭后,我们都到花园里去了。
Many people retire to the country, where they can enjoy peace and fresh air.

许多人退休后搬到乡下去了,在那里他们可以得到安静并呼吸到新鲜空气。
The old man retired to the country for rest.

这位老人下乡休息去了。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+副词

• retire early 提早退休
• retire cautiously 小心地撤退
• retire compulsorily 强迫退休
• retire decently 光荣退休
• retire forcedly 强迫退休
• retire modestly 慎重地撤退
• retire timidly 胆小地撤退
• retire unwillingly 不情愿地退休
• retire voluntarily 自愿退休
• retire back stage 退居幕后

～+介词

• retire from 从…退休
• retire from one's job 退休
• retire from the service 辞职,退役
• retire on old age 因年老而退休
• retire on a pension 退休领养老金
• retire to 就寝,退到…
• retire to one's room 回到屋里
• retire to safer positions 撤回到较安全的阵地
• retire under the age of 在…年纪退休

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. retire作“退休”解时,指从公职生活中因年老而圆满退休,也可指由于不称职而被罢免官职,可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时接名词或代词作宾语,可用于被动结构。
2. retire作“撤退”解时,一般是指军队从阵地上撤离,用作不及物动词,常与from连用。
3. retire也可作“就寝”解,用作不及物动词。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

retire, retreat, withdraw

• 这组词都有“撤退,离开”的意思。其区别是：
• retire指从公共场所移到私人场所,用法较为正式; withdraw与retire相似,为正式用语,现已较少使用; retreat多指从危险的处境中退出,也可能从一个地方移到另一个安静的私人场所。

retire，retreat，withdraw

• 这些动词均含“退下、退却”之意。
• retire指从公开或公共场合退下到私下场所，也指被免除职务或自动辞职、退役等。
• retreat含消极意味，多指被迫采取退下或退却的行动。
• withdraw侧重因某种原因而有意离开，常含礼貌、谦恭等理由。也指军队的撤退。

近反义词

【近义词】

• withdraw 撤回
• retreat 撤退
• go to bed 去睡觉
• discharge 排出
• vacate 空出
• recede 后退
• resign 辞职
• remove 消除
• quit 停止
• relinquish 放弃
• dismiss 开除
• expel 驱逐
• abdicate 正式放弃
• suspend 暂停
• turn in 上缴
• hit the sack 就寝
• hit the hay 上床睡觉
• go 去
• step down 逐渐缩小
• call it a day 收工
• leave 委托
• take your leave 放弃(离开
• go away 离开(走掉)
• go off 爆炸
• bed 床
• release 释放
• to 对于
• adjourn (使)延期
• put out 熄灭
• move back 退缩
• sack out 睡觉
• strike out 删去
• pull away (把 ... )开走...
• pull back 拉回
• draw back 撒回
• kip down 睡觉
• go to sleep 入睡

派生词

v.(动词)

• retired adj. 退休的；退职的；退后的‖retiredness n. 退休‖retirement n. 退休,退职,退役