leave

英 [liːv] 美 [liːv]

• v. 委托；离开；留给；遗留；遗赠；听任
• n. 许可；准假；告别
• vi. 生出叶子

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vi. & vt. 离开,舍弃

   go away from

2. vt. 把…留下;遗忘

   remain;go without taking

3. vt. 听任,让

   cause to be or remain in a particular state or position

4. vt. 交托,委托

   allow sth to be the responsibility of sb or to be decided by (sth)

n. (名词)

1. [U]准假,假期

   holiday from work

2. [U]许可,准许

   allowing sb to do sth

3. [U]辞别

   saying good-bye

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 委托，交托
2. 离去，离开，脱离，离弃
3. 停止
4. 听任
5. 遗忘，遗留，遗弃，遗赠
6. 动身
7. 不包括
8. 剩下，剩余
9. 辞去
10. 使处于某种状态
11. 留给，把...交给
12. 死后留下
13. 经过
14. 让
15. 留下
16. 不立刻做，不马上处理
17. 使保留，让…处于，使发生 ，造成
18. 使留下为，留下备用
19. 忘了带

n. 名词

1. 许可，同意，准许
2. 假期，假日
3. 准假，休假，告假
4. 告别，辞别，告辞，离去
5. 【撞球】遗留下来的球的位置

英英释义

Noun:

1. the period of time during which you are absent from work or duty;

   "a ten day's leave to visit his mother"
   

2. permission to do something;

   "she was granted leave to speak"
   

3. the act of departing politely;

   "he disliked long farewells"
   "he took his leave"
   "parting is such sweet sorrow"
   

Verb:

1. go away from a place;

   "At what time does your train leave?"
   "She didn't leave until midnight"
   "The ship leaves at midnight"
   

2. go and leave behind, either intentionally or by neglect or forgetfulness;

   "She left a mess when she moved out"
   "His good luck finally left him"
   "her husband left her after 20 years of marriage"
   "she wept thinking she had been left behind"
   

3. act or be so as to become in a specified state;

   "The inflation left them penniless"
   "The president's remarks left us speechless"
   

4. leave unchanged or undisturbed or refrain from taking;

   "leave it as is"
   "leave the young fawn alone"
   "leave the flowers that you see in the park behind"
   

5. move out of or depart from;

   "leave the room"
   "the fugitive has left the country"
   

6. make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain;

   "This leaves no room for improvement"
   "The evidence allows only one conclusion"
   "allow for mistakes"
   "leave lots of time for the trip"
   "This procedure provides for lots of leeway"
   

7. have as a result or residue;

   "The water left a mark on the silk dress"
   "Her blood left a stain on the napkin"
   

8. remove oneself from an association with or participation in;

   "She wants to leave"
   "The teenager left home"
   "She left her position with the Red Cross"
   "He left the Senate after two terms"
   "after 20 years with the same company, she pulled up stakes"
   

9. put into the care or protection of someone;

   "He left the decision to his deputy"
   "leave your child the nurse's care"
   

10. leave or give by will after one's death;

    "My aunt bequeathed me all her jewelry"
    "My grandfather left me his entire estate"
    

11. have left or have as a remainder;

    "That left the four of us"
    "19 minus 8 leaves 11"
    

12. be survived by after one's death;

    "He left six children"
    "At her death, she left behind her husband and 11 cats"
    

13. transmit (knowledge or skills);

    "give a secret to the Russians"
    "leave your name and address here"
    "impart a new skill to the students"
    

14. leave behind unintentionally;

    "I forgot my umbrella in the restaurant"
    "I left my keys inside the car and locked the doors"
    

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. I will leave you to attend to the matter .
   我委托你办此事。
2. You can leave it with us for safe keeping for no more than a month, or abandon it.
   您可以委托我们替您保管，但为期只有一个月时间，或者您选择放弃。
3. I leave the gay saloon of New York for the green glade of the country.
   我离开了纽约欢乐的酒店，来到乡村绿色的林间空地。
4. Please, don't forget to hand back your room key before you leave the hotel.
   在离开旅馆之前，请不要忘记交还房间的钥匙。
5. The measure of our success will be the condition in which we leave the world for the next generation.
   衡量我们成功的标准将是，我们把一个什么样的世界留给下一代。
6. Be sure not to leave anything behind, please.
   请当心，别遗留下任何物品。
7. Seek not proud riches, but such as thou mayest get justly, use soberly, distribute cheerfully, and leave contentedly.
   别为摆阔炫耀而追求财富,只挣你取之有道、用之有度、施之有乐且遗之有慰的钱财。
8. The treasure I bequeath and leave entirely to my sole heir.
   此项宝藏吾全部遗赠与吾之惟一继承人。
9. We mustn't leave him to his own devices.
   不应听任他去自行其是。

用作名词 (n.)

1. It is necessary to seek the Court's leave to file a document out of time.
   时限过后,必须得到法庭的许可才可以将文件存盘。
2. She has my leave to see him.
   她得到我的许可去看他。
3. She was allowed compassionate leave from work to attend her father's funeral.
   她获准丧假为父亲送葬。
4. The company has docked us of three days of our annual leave.
   公司将我们每年的休假时间减少了3天。
5. She took leave of her mother, and caught the train to Beijing.
   她告别了她母亲，搭上了去北京的列车。
6. An unbelieving smile flits on your eyes when I come to you to take my leave.
   当我向你告别时,你微笑着,眼神里闪烁着怀疑。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. It's time for us to leave.
   我们现在该走了。
2. She apologized and left.
   她表示了歉意就走了。
3. When we got there the train had left.
   我们到那儿时,火车已经开走了。
4. The secretary had threatened to leave.
   那位秘书曾威胁说要辞职。
5. We're giving him a party when he leaves.
   当他离别时,我们将为他举办一个聚会。
6. So Mary is going to leave, isn't she?
   那么说,玛丽要永久离开了,是吗?

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. Our ship leaves port tonight.
   我们的船今晚出港。
2. For how long can we leave the steamer at the next port?
   船在下个港口停泊时,我们可以离船多久?
3. This is the first glass of whisky I have had since I left Paris.
   这是我离开巴黎以来喝的第一杯威士忌。
4. His wife threatened to leave him if he did not give up gambling.
   他的妻子威胁说,如果他不停止赌博,就要离开他。
5. She left her husband after she had a quarrel with him.
   她在与丈夫发生争吵后,便离开他出走了。
6. He left his wife three months ago.
   三个月前,他离开了妻子。
7. Lally will leave him for a while and earn her own living.
   拉莉将暂时离开他去自谋生计。
8. He left school a month before graduation.
   他在毕业前一个月退了学。
9. After leaving school, he joined up.
   他毕业后就参军了。
10. Has your brother left school yet?
    你的兄弟已经毕业了吗?
11. I'm afraid I've left my books at home.
    我恐怕是把书留在家里了。
12. Please leave your umbrellas in the corridor.
    请把伞留在走廊里。
13. Will you leave your name and address?
    请你留下姓名和地址好吗?
14. Visitors left approving remarks in the comment book.
    参观的人在留言簿上留下了赞扬的话。
15. He left a bad impression on us.
    他给我们留下了一个坏印象。
16. The painter has left many water color sketches that have won for him a significant place.
    那位画家给后世留下许多水彩素描,为他在绘画史上赢得了一席之地。
17. He gambled away all the money his father left him.
    他输光了所有他父亲遗留给他的钱。
18. Red wine leaves a stain.
    红葡萄酒能留下痕迹。
19. The injury left a scar on his face.
    受伤处在他的脸上留下了一块伤疤。
20. The accident left a scar on her leg.
    那次事故在她的腿上留下了伤痕。
21. He has left word I should wait in his room.
    他留话说让我一定在他的房间等他。
22. If he happens to be out, you may leave word with his secretary.
    如果他刚好不在,你可以留话给他的秘书。
23. Ten minus seven leaves three.10
    减7得3。
24. Flying out of the country, we left the cliffs on our left.
    飞离那个国家时,我们经过左侧的悬崖。
25. He left business for a new job as a schoolteacher.
    他弃商就任教师这一新工作。

用作双宾动词

S+～+ pron./n. + n./pron.

1. He left his sister 300 pounds.
   他给妹妹留下300英镑。
2. We have left him enough food.
   我们给他留下了足够的食物。
3. His father left him nothing when he died.
   他父亲去世时什么也没有给他留下。
4. In his will, my uncle has left me all his property.
   我的叔父在遗嘱里已把他的全部财产留给了我。
5. Leave him the book before you go.
   你走之前把这本书交给他。
6. I'd like to leave you the books I've kept for so many years.
   我愿意把保留了这么多年的书交给你。
7. This schedule would leave you time to make preparations for the conference.
   这个日程表会使你有时间来为会议做准备。
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8. She was left a big fortune by her husband.
   她丈夫给她留下一大笔遗产。

S+～+ n./pron. +to pron./n.

1. This letter needs answering. Can I leave it to you?
   这封信需要答复,这事交给你办,好吗?
2. Leave him to his father, he'll deal with him.
   让他父亲去收拾他吧!
3. He left the dictionary to me.
   他把那本词典给了我。
4. I don't like leaving important decisions to inexperienced people.
   我不喜欢把重大决策问题留给没有经验的人去处理。
1
5. The catering can be left to mother.
   伙食的事可以交给母亲去办。

S+～+ n./pron. +for pron./n.

1. The postman left a letter for you.
   邮递员给你留下一封信。
2. I'll make sure to leave word for you as to where you can find me.
   我保证给你留个信,告诉你去哪儿找我。
3. He leaves all the worst jobs for me.
   他把最难干的活都留给了我。
4. We can leave the difficult jobs for the chairman to do.
   我们可以把困难的工作留给主席去做。
1
5. A parcel has been left for you at the desk.
   有人在服务台给你留下个包裹。

用作宾补动词

S+～+ n./pron. + n./adj.

1. He said he had left the door open on purpose.
   他说他是有意让门开着的。
2. We can leave it open for the moment.
   这事我们可暂时不作结论。
3. As to your wish to have an extra secretary , let's leave it open until the next fiscal year.
   你希望增补一名秘书的事,到下一财政年度再定。
4. His illness has left him very weak.
   他的病使他身体很虚弱。
5. The famine in 1933 left peasants helpless.1933
   年的那次饥荒使农民陷于毫无办法的境地。
6. His long and dull speech left all of us cold.
   他的那场既长又乏味的讲演引不起我们的兴趣。
7. That'll leave the whole morning free, won't it?
   这样,我们整个上午就有空了,是吧?
8. This will leave the joints free to move.
   这样就可以使关节自由活动。
9. The absence of the director left him the chief of the office.
   处长不在,他成了处里的头头。
1
10. I was left an orphan at the age of eight.
    我8岁时就成为孤儿了。
11. He was left rich by his father.
    他父亲死时留给他大宗的财产。
12. That firm is looking for a new accountant. At present, the salary they will offer has been left open.
    那家公司正在物色一位新的会计,工资多少尚未确定。

S+～+it+ adj. +wh-clause

1. They left it undecided who was to be the chief.
   谁当主任还没有定下来。

S+～+ n./pron. +to- v

1. Leave him to do it himself.
   让他自个儿去做。
2. We must leave the children to settle their affairs themselves.
   我们必须让孩子自己解决自己的事情。
3. I'll leave you to settle all the business.
   我让你去处理所有事务。
4. Her parents left her to choose her own friends.
   她父母让她自己去选择朋友。
5. You must leave me to decide what course to follow.
   何去何从你得让我来决定。
6. We'll leave you to negotiate with them.
   我们委托你去与他们谈判。
7. How could I leave him to suffer in a strange family?
   我怎么忍心让他到一家陌生人家去受苦呢?
1
8. She was left to organize the party herself.
   她只得自己亲自动手组织这次晚会。

S+～+ n./pron. + v -ing

1. He left me waiting outside in the rain.
   他让我站在雨里等候。
2. Why did you leave the guests standing there?
   你为什么让客人站在那儿?
3. They walked off and left me sitting there all by myself.
   他们走了,让我孤零零一个人坐在那里。
4. She always leaves the light burning all night long.
   她常常让灯整夜地亮着。
5. Our roaring guns left the enemy trembling with fear.
   我们的隆隆炮声使敌人胆战心惊。

S+～+ n./pron. + v -ed

1. They could not leave the city unguarded.
   他们不能让这座城市不设防。
2. I'm sorry I've left some of your questions unanswered.
   很抱歉,你的一些问题我没有回答。
3. But a day's talk left them still divided on some issues.
   讨论了一天,但在有些问题上,他们的意见还有分歧。

其他

v -ed as Attrib.

1. I felt I had little energy left.
   我感到一点劲都没有了。
2. There is nothing left in the box.
   盒子里什么东西也没剩。

用作名词 (n.)

1. She asked for a day's leave.
   她要求请1天假。
2. John had a week's sick leave.
   约翰请了一个星期的病假。
3. His leave is up tomorrow.
   他的假从明天开始。
4. They are given two leaves each year.
   他们每年有两次假期。
5. I don't know if you can get leave for that long time.
   我不知道你能否获得那么长时间的假期。
6. My brother, who is in the army, is home on leave.
   我在陆军里的弟弟现在在家休假。
7. I'm in command of the regiment while the colonel's on leave.
   上校休假时,我指挥这个团。
8. The boy was happy to have leave to be away from school.
   男孩很高兴被批准离开学校。
9. Have you got leave to go with us?
   你得到批准和我们一块去了吗?
10. Who gave you leave to do that?
    谁准许你那样做的?
11. He asked leave of the landlord to use his telephone.
    他请求房东允许他使用电话。
12. You have my leave to stay away from the office tomorrow.
    我允许你明天不来上班。
13. May I have your leave to photograph the place?
    您能允许我在此拍照吗?
14. We got the leave to visit the military base.
    我们得到允许参观军事基地。
15. I have leave to do what I like.
    我得到同意做我喜欢做的事。
16. In case you give me leave,I'll start at once.
    如果你同意,我马上就出发。
17. I'd like to read the letter by your leave.
    如果你同意,我想看看这封信。
18. He took the book without my leave.
    他没有得到我的同意就把书拿走了。

经典引文

• Upon which subject I shall beg leave to dwell a little.

  出自： W. H. Ireland

• The young girl gave him gracious leave to accompany her.

  出自： H. James

• Free to say what they like in print without prior leave of the Government.

  出自： W. S. Churchill

• I was left a thousand pounds by an uncle.

  出自： Addison

• My father died a year ago and left me the business.

  出自： J. Buchan

• He made a new will, leaving everything to me.

  出自： L. Whistler

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

leave about (v.+adv.)

乱丢,乱放 fail to put away carefully and tidily
leave sth ⇔ about
He is apt to leave things about.

他总喜欢把东西到处乱放。
She told her child not to leave his toys about .

她叫孩子不要乱丢玩具。

leave about

把…随便乱放

leave aside (v.+adv.)

搁置,不考虑 not consider
leave sth ⇔ aside
Let's leave the matter aside for a moment.

我们把这件事搁一会儿再说。

leave behind (v.+adv.)

使落后,丢在后面 cause to lag behind

leave for (v.+prep.)

离开(某人)以同(他人)生活在一起;离开(某职位)以寻求 abandon, in order to follow sb/sth
leave for sth
We're leaving for Rome next week.

我们下星期要到罗马去。
The newly married couple are leaving for their honeymoon.

这对新婚夫妇将动身外出度蜜月。 leave sth for sth
She left Beijing for New York last year.

她去年离开北京去了纽约。
Before leaving Guangzhou for Hong Kong, the foreign guest came with her sons and daughters to thank the hotel assistants.

在离开广州去香港之前,那个外宾带着儿子和女儿来向旅馆服务员表示感谢。 leave sb/sth for sb/sth
He left his wife for a worthless actress.

他离开了妻子,同一位不值一提的女演员生活在一起。
The director is thinking of leaving the firm for a better position elsewhere.

经理正在考虑离开这个公司,到其他地方找个更好的职位。
He left medicine for the law.

他离开医学界而转入法学界。

leave holding the bag〔sack〕

让某人背黑锅 leave sb to take all the blame for sth that others have done one should share
leave sb holding the bag〔sack〕
They all ran off and left me holding the bag.

他们全都逃了,留下我一个人背黑锅。

leave in (v.+adv.)

让…留下 permit to stay
leave sth ⇔ in
They have left those words in after all.

他们毕竟还是保留了那些话。
The editor finally agreed to leave the paragraph in.

编辑最后同意把那一段保留下来。

leave it at that

〈非正〉行了,够了,到此为止 say or do nothing further about a matter

leave nothing(〔much〕) to be desired

(不)十分完美,(不)令人满意 (not) be very good,(not) be better than others

leave off (v.+adv.)

停止(做)某事,戒掉 cease or stop doing sth;give up
leave off
Has the rain left off yet?

雨停了吗?
Let's leave off here for lunch.

吃饭了,就到此为止吧。
I think we should leave off now and have some coffee.

我想现在我们该休息一下,喝点咖啡了。 leave sth ⇔ off
Do not leave off your overcoat, it is cold.

不要脱大衣,天气很冷。
We left off work earlier than usual today.

今天,我们比平时下班早。
Cooling pumps were left off for more than an hour.

冷却泵关了一个多小时。 leave off v-ing
Leave off doing that, will you?

别那样干了,好吗?
Please leave off biting your nails.

请不要再咬指甲。
Leave off teasing that boy.

不要再逗那个男孩了。
Leave off interrupting me whenever I'm talking!

无论我什么时候说话,不要打断我!
It is time to leave off talking and to start acting.

现在该停止讨论,开始行动了。
They leave off quarrelling to sleep.

他们停止了争吵,然后就去睡觉了。

leave on (v.+adv.)

让(火)燃着,让…开着 allow to remain alight;be burning

leave out (v.+adv.)

遗漏,省略,删去;未顾及,忽略 not include or mention;not consider;ignore
leave sb/sth ⇔ out
In copying this document, be careful not to leave out any word.

抄写这份文件时,当心不要漏掉任何词。
I notice that the advertisement leaves out the price of the product.

我注意到广告没有提到产品的价格。
If you leave your bicycle out at night, it'll soon have trouble with rust.

如果你晚上把自行车放在外面,车很快就会生锈的。
If you aren't in when I go to bed. I'll leave some food out for you.

如果我睡觉时你没回来,我就给你留饭。
The headmaster won't like it if we leave his son out of the team.

如果我们不把校长的儿子包括在校队之内,他会不高兴的。
You left out the possibility that the train might be late.

你忽略了火车或许晚点的可能性。
Don't leave me out, please!

请别把我给忘了。
Whenever Helen holds a party, she invites my brother, but leaves me out in the cold.

不论何时海伦举行晚会,她总邀请我哥哥,偏偏把我冷落在一边。
Not a comma was left out.

一个逗号也没漏掉。
Nothing of value is left out.

没有删掉任何有价值的东西。
Nobody speaks to him;he is always left out.

没人跟他讲话,他总是被冷落。
Please complete this cheque properly;the date has been left out.

请把这张支票好好填写完整,你把日期漏填了。

leave over (v.+adv.)

延后,推迟;(暂时搁置)留待以后处理 postpone;leave to be dealt with at a later date

leave up to (v.+adv.+prep.)

由某人作决定 let some important decision be made by sb
leave sth up to sb
Leave it up to me,I'll see to it.

留给我吧,我会负责的。
At some colleges, the amount of work you will do is left entirely up to you.

在有些大学里,做多少功课完全由你自己来决定。

leave with (v.+prep.)

将…留给…处理 give as the main story in a newspaper

用作名词 (n.)

take leave (of)

告别,离开 say good-bye;go away from

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• leave a address 留下地址
• leave a message 留个话
• leave a note 留个字条
• leave England 离开英国
• leave it at that 行啦,到此为止吧
• leave party 离开聚会
• leave room 留些地方
• leave school 毕业
• leave the club 退出俱乐部
• leave umbrella 忘记拿伞
• leave wife 离开妻子
• leave word 留话

～+副词

• leave affectionately 亲切地离开
• leave diplomatically 圆滑地离开
• leave inadvertently 粗心大意地离开
• leave judiciously 明智地离开
• leave politely 有礼貌地离开
• leave prudently 谨慎地离开
• leave ultimately 最后离开
• leave unceremoniously 无礼地离开
• leave unwillingly 不情愿地离开
• leave voluntarily 自愿地离开
• leave about 乱丢
• leave around 乱放
• leave behind 抛弃,不再往来
• leave down (被)留在下边
• leave in these words 保留这些词句(不要删去)
• leave off 停止,中断
• leave off one's winter clothes 脱去冬衣
• leave off the bad habit 戒除这个坏习惯
• leave off work 下班
• leave out 遗漏,省去,删去,把…排除在外
• leave out a word 漏了一个单词
• leave over 延迟,推迟,剩下
• leave up 任(某物)悬挂着或摆放着

～+介词

• leave by train 乘火车离开
• leave for 离开…赴…,把…留给(某人)
• leave for England 动身去英国
• leave from station 离开车站
• leave on 使…处于…境地,把…放在…上

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• ask leave 请求同意
• ask for leave 请假
• beg leave 请假
• break leave 超假
• cancel sb's leave 取消假期
• desire leave 请求得到允许
• extend sb's leave 延长某人的假期
• get sb's leave 得到许可
• give leave 允许
• go on leave 休假
• grant leave 准假
• have a leave 休假
• obtain leave 获假
• overstay sb's leave 超过假期
• postpone leave 推迟假期
• take leave 告别
• take French leave 不辞而别,擅自离开(行动)
• take one's leave (向…)告别,(从…)离开

形容词+～

• affectionate leave 热情告别
• annual leave 年度休假
• compassionate leave (尤指给军人的奔丧等)私事假
• formal leave 正式告别
• one-year leave 一年的假期
• passionate leave 热情告别
• sick leave 病假
• sorrowful leave 依依惜别
• terminal leave 军官退休前的最后一次假期

名词+～

• maternity leave 产假
• research leave 从事研究工作的休假
• shore leave (船员的)登岸假
• two weeks' leave 两星期的假

介词+～

• by leave 允许
• a ticket of leave 假释许可证
• on leave 休假
• with leave 允许
• without leave 没有权力

～+介词

• leave from work 离职休假
• leave of absence 请假

词语用法

1. leave一般用于现在时态或现在进行时态，不用将来时态。

   I leave tomorrow.
   I aw leaving tomorrow.

2. leave不可以与away搭配，所以不能说leave away；
3. leave不能表示“与（朋友）分别”，一般不说It is a month since I left him（他离开我有一个月了。）；
4. 句子He left her a watch有三种意思：他遗赠给她一只表，他把一只表交给她保管，他拿走了她的一切，只留下了一只表；
5. leave后面有时不可加off或from等介词。

   I shall leave the city soon.
   我该快点离开这个城市。

6. leave属于一时的，短暂的动作，要注意其在句中表达的意思。

   He has left for a week.
   他已离开，预备一周后回来。

   He left a week ago.
   他已离开一周。

7. leave作名词时，常以单数形式出现。

   He took his leave yesterday.
   They took their leave(s) yesterday.

8. 一般上来说，涉及到地方时，我们用leave。表示偶然遗留某物时，可用forget。

   I've forgotten my umbrella.

v. (动词)

1. leave在表示“离开”时,强调的是“从原来的地方离开”,既可作不及物动词,也可作及物动词。用作不及物动词时,常与介词for连用,表示“出发去(某地)”,只表示方向,而不涉及到达与否。用作及物动词时,其后常接“地名”“国家”“组织”“工作”之类的名词作宾语,宾语后也常接介词for引起的短语,表示“去某地”。
2. leave表示“舍弃”时,有较强的感情色彩,或无情抛弃,或忍痛割爱。此时用作及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语,可用于被动结构。
3. leave表示“听任”时,指干预者不在场而听任,或极不愿意干预而放任。此时常接以带to的动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语,即“听任某人做某事”,可用于被动结构。
4. leave表示“剩下”“留下”时,用作及物动词,接简单宾语或双宾语。其间接宾语可转换为介词to〔for〕的宾语,宾语后面常接地点状语,有时也与副词behind连用。
5. leave还可作“使…处于…状态”解,其后可接以名词、形容词、动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词或动词原形充当补足语的复合宾语。
6. leave作“把…委托给”解时,可接双宾语,其间接宾语可转换为介词to的宾语。
7. leave可用现在进行时表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作。
8. leave是瞬间动词,用于现在完成时时,不与for引起的表示一段时间的状语连用。
9. leave的过去分词left作定语时,通常跟在它所修饰的词后面。

n. (名词)

1. leave作“假期,假”解时主要指成年人的休假,尤指公务员或军人的休假,用于单数形式时指一次假期;用于复数形式则指两次或两次以上的假期。
2. leave作“准许,批准”或“辞别”解是不可数名词,其前不可加不定冠词a。
3. on leave的意思是“在休假”。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

leave, leave for

• leave和leave for意思正相反。leave的意思是“离开(某地)”;leave for作“去(某地)”解。试比较下列两句：
• The delegation left Guangzhou by plane.
• 代表团乘飞机离开广州。
• The delegation left for Guangzhou by plane.
• 代表团乘飞机去广州。

leave, depart

• 这两个词的共同意思是“离开”。其区别是：
• 1.用作及物动词时, leave为普通用语,表示“离开某地”“退出学校〔社团〕”“辞去职务”等;而depart表示“离开人间”。例如:
• He wanted to go to the toilet, and asked if he could leave the room.他想上厕所,便问是否可以离开这个房间。
• He departed his life.他离开了人世。
• 2.用作不及物动词时, leave常附带说明离开时所使用的交通工具;depart强调运动的出发点,指按计划开出或起程,尤指火车按时刻表出发。例如:
• I'm leaving England and going to live in Spain by airplane.我将乘飞机离开英国去西班牙定居。
• The train departs at 7：30.这列火车上午 7：30 开出。
• 3.depart常与from搭配使用。例如:
• The train to Beijing will depart from platform 6 in five minutes.开往北京的火车将于五分钟后从六号站台开出。

leave, forget, lose

• 这组词都有“遗忘”的意思。其区别在于：
• 1.lose指由于着急而一时想不起来。例如:
• He lost his nerve and his memory for names.他不知所措且想不起名字来。
• 2.forget指由于记忆上的忽略而对某人或某物失去了印象,这种“忘记”可能只是暂时的,也可能是长久的,且有“疏忽,忽略”之义。例如:
• Don't forget your duties.别玩忽职守。
• We mustn't forget our origin.我们不能忘本。
• I clean forgot to ask him about it.我完全忘了向他打听那件事。
• I forgot reading the book.我忘记了以前读过这本书。
• 3.leave指忘记带了某物,有较强的感情色彩,强调“不在”。例如:
• He left his keys in his bed.他把钥匙遗忘在床上了。
• Oh dear! The travelling bag has been left.哎呀!忘拿旅行袋了。

leave, start

• 这两个词的共同意思是“离开”。其区别是：
• 1.start只用作不及物动词;leave既可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。
• 2.leave指“离开”某地〔人〕或“退出”学校、社团等;start是出发的日常用语,往往意味着乘车离开某地,出发、动身或启程到另一地去。例如:
• He left the school at thirteen.他13岁就离开了学校。
• The accountant has threatened to leave.会计曾威胁说要辞职。
• The ship starts.船开了。
• Well,I think we ought to be starting.嗯,我看我们该动身了。
• 3.用作不及物动词时, leave常附带说明离开时所使用的工具,有时还可表示“辞职”。

leave...to, leave...with

• 这两个短语的共同意思是“把…托付给…”,当leave后接表示事物的名词时可换用,但用leave...to多些;接表示人的名词时只用leave...with。

leave, abandon, desert, forsake, give up, quit

• 1.abandon的宾语可以是对其负有权利和义务的人(朋友、妻室儿女等)、物或事物(计划、希望、意见、职业等),例如:
• He abandoned medicine for literature.他弃医从文。
• desert的宾语主要是职责或应尽的义务; forsake的宾语可以是某种宗教信仰或爱好等,也可以是某人曾经一度爱慕或依恋过的人或物。例如:
• She forsook her worldly possessions to devote herself to the church.她抛弃所有而献身教会。
• 2.leave为普通用语,表示一般的“离开”,与off搭配时表示“放弃”,例如:
• It's time you left off that childish habit of thought.你该放弃那种孩子似的思维习惯了。
• abandon强调不负责任,丢弃不顾,永远和完全放弃,例如:
• I would never abandon any friends.我永远不会遗弃我的朋友。
• desert强调背信弃义,违背允诺、誓言或逃避责任,为法律或道德所不容; forsake强调断绝感情上的依恋,含有并不违背法律和道德规范的意味; quit表示突然地、仓促地放弃; give up包含有abandon, quit或leave的意思。
• 3.在原因或动机上, abandon, leave, give up可以是主动的、自愿的,也可以是被迫的、勉强的; quit则是主动的、自愿的,例如:
• I'd had enough, so I quit.我受够了,所以我辞职不干了。

leave alone, let alone

• 这两个短语一般来说意思相同,可以互换。例如：
• Leave〔let〕 that bag alone.It's not yours!别动那个包,那不是你的!
• 它们之间的区别是：
• 1.作“不理〔管〕而听其自然”“不烦扰”解时,多用leave alone; 作“不干涉”解时,多用let alone; 作“更不用说”解时, let alone比leave alone更正式。
• 2.leave alone可用于被动结构; 而let alone不常用于被动结构。

leave go, let go

• 这两个短语都是“松手,放开”的意思。其区别在于：
• 1.let go后可直接接宾语,也可接of再加宾语;而leave go后必须接of再加宾语。
• 2.let go可用于被动结构,而leave go一般不用于被动结构。

leave the door open, keep the door open

• 这两者都是“让门开着的意思”,其区别在于:前者是有意地,后者多是无意地。试比较以下两句:
• Do not leave the door open at night!
• 夜间不要让门开着!
• She kept the door open at night to wait for her husband.
• 她夜间一直开着门等丈夫回来。

下面两组中句子的意思相同：

• He leaves tomorrow.
• (一般现在时,比较正式,按计划行事)
• He is leaving tomorrow.
• (现在进行时,按计划或安排行事,含 “最近”之意。)
• He will leave tomorrow.
• (一般将来时,单纯的将来)
• 他将于明天动身。
• We can leave the committee to make the final arrangements.
• We can leave it to the committee to make the final arrangements.
• 我们可以留给委员会去作最后的安排。
• 第2句中的it指代to make the final arrangements。

下面各组中的句子意思不同：

• His father left him an orphanage.
• 他父亲留给他一所孤儿院。
• His father's death left him an orphan.
• 他父亲的去世使他成了孤儿。
• We left off walking.
• 我们停止散步。
• We left off to walk.
• 我们停下来去散步。
• Mr. Smith has left the office.
• 史密斯先生已离开办公室。
• Mr. Smith has left office.
• 史密斯先生已离职。
• Tom has left the school〔hospital〕.
• 汤姆已离开学校〔医院〕。
• Tom has left school〔hospital〕.
• 汤姆已退学〔出院〕。

n. (名词)

leave, day, festival, holiday, vacation

• 这五个词都有“假日”的意思。其区别在于:holiday来源于宗教的节日、假日,是普通用词,多用于英式英语中,指的是一个人在一年中不干工作的那段时间,也可用来表示一两天的短假期; day表示法定节日,多用于专有名词中; festival指民俗或宗教节日,并含有定期欢度的意味; leave指政府工作人员或军人的假期; vacation用于大学停课放假长达多周的假日或法院停止开庭时间,在美式英语中,凡是较长时间的休假都可用这个词。例如:
• August and September are the months of the year during which most English people take their holidays.一年中8、9两个月是大多数英国人休假的月份。
• We celebrate National Day every year.我们每年都庆祝国庆节。
• Christmas is one of the festivals of the Christian church.圣诞节是基督教的节日之一。
• The soldiers will go home on leave once every two years.士兵们每两年回家休假一次。
• Three vacations occur in the course of the year, viz, two weeks at Christmas, ten days at Easter and the usual two months in summer.一年中有三个假期,即圣诞节两周,复活节十天以及通常的两个月暑假。

abandon，desert，leave，give up，forsake

• 这些动词或词组均含“抛弃、放弃”之意
• abandon强调永远或完全放弃或抛弃人或事物等，这可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。
• desert着重指违背法律责任和义务，或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味。
• leave普通用词，指舍弃某事或某一职业，或终止同一某人的关系，但不涉及动机与结果。
• give up普通用语，侧重指没有希望或因外界压力而放弃。
• forsake侧重断绝感情上的依恋，自愿抛弃所喜欢的人或物。也指抛弃信仰或改掉恶习。

allow，let，permit，leave，authorize

• 这些动词均含“让、允许”之意。
• allow普通用词，侧重听任、默许或不加阻止。在正式场合可用来表客气的请求。
• let常用词，用于各种非正式场合，语气最弱，指允许或无力阻止某事，暗示漠不关心或听之任之。
• permit正式用词，在多数场合可与allow换用，语义最强，指准许某人做某事，含权威或正式的意味。
• leave侧重不加干涉。
• authorize语气最强，指权威性的允许与认可。

depart，leave，go，start，quit，set out

• 这些动词均含“离开某处”之意。
• depart较正式用词，指经过周密考虑或郑重地离开，强调离开的起点。
• leave侧重出发地而不是目的地。
• go一般用词，指从所在地到其它地方去，着重目的地而非出发地。
• start可与leave换用，强调目的地，但不及leave普通。
• quit侧重指离开令人烦恼的地方，或摆脱使人不快的人或事。
• set out书面用词。

holiday，leave，vacation

• 这三个词都有“假日(期)”的意思，但含义用法并不相同。
• holiday一般指“休假”。
• leave指“请假”，被批准后离开自己的工作的一段时间。
• vacation在英国指大学的寒暑假或法定不工作的日子，美国可指任何假日（期）。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 我没有剩下什么钱了。

   误 I haven't got any left money.

   正 I haven't got any money left.

   析 leave的过去分词left作“剩下的”“没有用完的”解时,通常位于所修饰的名词之后。

2. 我们下月要到北京去。

   误 We're leaving Beijing next month.

   正 We're leaving for Beijing next month.

   析 leave a place指“离开某个地方”。如表示“去往,动身去…”,就应该说leave for...。

3. 我叔叔上周从上海去北京。

   误 My uncle left from Shanghai for Beijing last week.

   正 My uncle left Shanghai for Beijing last week.

   析 leave本身就是depart from的意思,故其后不可再用from。

4. 他离开家乡已10年了。

   误 He has left his hometown for ten years.

   正 He left his hometown ten years ago.

   正 It is ten years since he left his hometown.

   析 leave是瞬间动词,不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。

5. 他不是那种任何事都任其自然的人。

   误 He is not one who will leave anything for chance.

   正 He is not one who will leave anything to chance.

   析 leave sth to chance表示“听任命运”“任其自然”,其中to不能换成for。

6. 剧烈的地震之后,那座城市只剩下一堆废墟。

   误 Nothing but ruins was left from the city after the severe earthquake.

   正 Nothing but ruins was left of the city after the severe earthquake.

   析 表示“某处剩余”“某处余留”时, leave常与of连用。

7. 他们走开了,让我一个人独自呆在那儿。

   误 They walked off and left me to sit there all by myself.

   正 They walked off and left me sitting there all by myself.

   析 表示“让…继续处于某种状态”时, leave后面常接分词构成复合宾语。现在分词表示宾语的主动动作,过去分词则表示被动意义或完成意义。

8. 约翰现已戒烟。

   误 John has left off to smoke now.

   正 John has left off smoking now.

   析 leave off的宾语可以是 v -ing形式,不可以是动词不定式。

9. Allen has left Taibei for a week.

   误 艾伦离开台北一周了。

   正 艾伦已离开台北,要一周才回来。

   析 for a week在这里的意思是“一共离开一周”,如表示“已离开一周”,应说Allen left Taibei a week ago.

n. (名词)

1. 你有没有获准下午到这儿来?

   误 Have you got a leave to come here this afternoon?

   正 Have you got leave to come here this afternoon?

   析 leave作“准许”“批准”解时,是不可数名词。

2. 她打算利用8月的大部分时间度假。

   误 She plans to go on leave for most of August.

   正 She plans to go on vacation for most of August.

   析 学生假期多用vacation,一般不用leave。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的lfan，意为保留，遗留；最初源自原始日耳曼语的laibijan，意为离开。

近反义词

【近义词】

• bequeath
• depart
• go
• quit
• will

【反义词】

• arrive
• come