ration

英 ['ræʃn] 美 ['ræʃn]

• n. 定额；定量；配给
• vt. 限量供应；配给

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C]定量；配给量

   a small,equal amount of food (gasoline,water,etc.) given to each person in a group

v. (动词)

1. vt. 限量供应；配给供应

   limit the amount of food and other items especially by governmental order

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 定量，定额，限额，配给量
2. 口粮，食物，粮食，定量口粮
3. 【军】给养，军粮，军肉
4. 一份配给品
5. 饲料配量
6. 正常量，合理的量
7. 定量供应，配给

v. 动词

1. 配给，定量配给，配给供应，定量供应，补充
2. 给与...一天口粮，供给（兵士）伙食
3. 对...实行配给制，对...实行限量供应，限定…的量

英英释义

Noun:

1. the food allowance for one day (especially for service personnel);

   "the rations should be nutritionally balanced"
   

2. a fixed portion that is allotted (especially in times of scarcity)

Verb:

1. restrict the consumption of a relatively scarce commodity, as during war;

   "Bread was rationed during the siege of the city"
   

2. distribute in rations, as in the army;

   "Cigarettes are rationed"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. Ration is widely used in manufacturing industry.
   定额是制造业中广泛使用的一个概念。
2. Have you used your ration of petrol for this week?
   你用了这星期给你定量的汽油了吗?
3. The country cut the bread ration last year.
   那个国家去年削减面包配给量。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. They had to ration petrol during the war.
   战时他们不得不限量供给汽油。
2. We were rationed to two eggs a week.
   每周配给我们两个鸡蛋。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. The country cut the bread ration last year.
   那个国家去年削减面包配给量。

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+ ～+n./pron.

1. The government rationed each of them to an egg weekly.
   政府每周配给他们每人一个鸡蛋。
1
2. We are rationed with sugar.
   我们的白糖是定量供应的。
3. Eggs were rationed during the war.
   战争期间，鸡蛋限量供应。

经典引文

• We..pull out our rations and begin to eat.

  出自： R. Conquest

• Provided basic rations in the shape of monthly doles of flour, tea, salt.

  出自： P. Scott

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• ration meats 配售肉类
• ration 2 eggs a week 每星期供应两个鸡蛋
• ration water 限制用水

词义辨析

n. (名词)

rations, diet, food, provisions, table

• 这五个词都可作“食物”解。其区别在于:food是一般用语,在科学上指把植物作为营养的东西,常有plant food那样的用法; diet指惯常的或规定的食物,特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物,又指疗养时规定的食物,也指肉食或素食等食物。常指病人,犯人,减肥者等吃的食物; provisions意为“一批粮食”,指即时应用或储藏备用的食物; rations指配给的定量食物; table指陈列于桌上的食品,一般是较丰盛的。例如:
• Milk is the natural food for young babies.牛奶是婴儿的天然食物。
• I like a simple diet best.我最喜欢粗茶淡饭。
• I'm going to buy provisions for the holidays.我要去买一些假期所需要的食物。
• People in some countries live on rations.一些国家的人们靠配给的定量食物为生。
• He keeps a good table.他备盛宴以待客。

近反义词

【近义词】

• allowance 零用钱
• share 分享，共享
• quota 限额
• allotment 分配
• portion 部分
• measure 措施
• allocate 分派
• supply 供应
• limit 限度
• restrict 限制
• control 掌控
• regulate 调整
• curb 路边
• prorate 比例分配
• allot 分配
• helping 帮助
• allocation 分配
• budget 预算
• contingent 代表团
• amount 数量
• ration out 配额