lack

英 [læk] 美 [læk]

• n. 缺乏；无
• v. 缺乏；不足

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. 缺少;缺乏

   be not enough;have less or little

n. (名词)

1. [S][U]缺乏,不足,没有

   the state of not having enough of sth

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 不足，缺（乏），没有，欠缺，缺少，不够，匮乏，短缺，无
2. 缺少的东西，需要的东西
3. 疏忽

v. 动词

1. 缺乏，不足，没有，不够，缺少，短缺，短少，欠缺，不及
2. 需要，需求
3. 不懂，一无所长

adj. 形容词

1. 缺乏的，缺少的，不足的

英英释义

Noun:

1. the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable;

   "there is a serious lack of insight into the problem"
   "water is the critical deficiency in desert regions"
   "for want of a nail the shoe was lost"
   

Verb:

1. be without;

   "This soup lacks salt"
   "There is something missing in my jewelry box!"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. Her decision seems to show a lack of political judgement.
   她的决定似乎显示出缺乏政治判断力。
2. Lack of sun retards plant growth.
   光照不足则植物生长缓慢。
3. In a cold winter, many wild animals can die from lack of food.
   在严寒的冬天,很多野生动物可能因缺乏食物而死去。

用作动词 (v.)

1. I tell you, people will lack the means to live.
   我告诉你,人们将缺乏生活资料。
2. He is good at his job but he seems to lack confidence.
   他工作不错，但似乎缺乏信心。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. We must note that we still lack qualified specialists.
   我们必须看到我们还缺乏有资质的专家。
2. I can't seem to lack anything.
   我好像什么都不缺。
3. We lacked food.
   我们没有食物。
4. We lack neither food nor clothing today.
   如今,我们不愁吃,不缺穿。
5. We never lack food and clothing if we're willing to work.
   如果我们愿意工作,就不会缺吃少穿。
6. The city lacks a good library.
   这个城市缺少一个好图书馆。
7. But they could not finish their work because they lacked money.
   但是,他们无法完成这一工作,因为缺少钱。
8. They met with many difficulties, for they lacked equipment, experience and technical data.
   因为缺少设备,缺乏经验和技术资料,他们遇到不少困难。
9. Red soil lacks organic matter.
   红土缺乏有机质。
10. A desert lacks water.
    沙漠缺乏水。
11. It lacks ten minutes of seven.
    现在是七点差十分。
12. The vote lacks three of being a majority.
    差三张选票就过半数。
13. He lacks decision.
    他缺乏决断力。
14. He wanted to say no, but lacked the courage.
    他想不同意,但又没有勇气这样说。
15. I lack words with which to express my thanks.
    我无法以言语来表达我的感激之情。
16. The company lacks sufficient money to invest in new products.
    公司没有足够的钱对新产品投资。
17. She lacks the strength to do the work.
    做这项工作不是她力所能及的。
18. We lacked the strength to walk any further.
    我们没有力气再往前走了。
19. I lacked the stamina to run the whole length of the race.
    我没有跑完全程的精力。
20. We lacked the experience to succeed.
    我们缺乏取得成功的经验。

用作名词 (n.)

1. He exhibited a complete lack of concern for others.
   他表现出对别人的漠不关心。
2. Hard work can often make up for a lack of ability.
   努力工作经常可以弥补能力的不足。
3. Their failure to reply to our letter seems to imply a lack of interest.
   他们没有回我们的信,似乎暗示他们缺乏兴趣。
4. Wrong opinions often proceed from a lack of information.
   错误的看法往往产生于不了解情况。
5. Lack of time prevented me from writing to you.
   由于没有时间,我没能给你写信。
6. Some people refer all the troubles to bad luck instead of lack of ability.
   有些人把自己所有的苦恼都归咎于运气不佳,而不认为是缺乏能力。
7. My sister has been preaching at me again about my lack of neatness.
   我姐姐又在跟我唠叨,要我改掉不爱整洁的毛病。
8. Henry's lack of money kept him from going to the conference.
   亨利由于缺钱,不能去参加会议。
9. You show promise as a musician but your lack of practice is keeping you back.
   作为音乐家,你有很大的前途,但是缺乏实践,影响你的发展。
10. His difficulties issue from his lack of knowledge.
    他的困难是由于知识贫乏造成的。
11. She used her good looks to compensate her lack of intelligence.
    她利用她漂亮的外表来弥补智力的不足。
12. John failed to win the prize, and he charged it to his lack of experience.
    约翰没能得奖,他说是因为经验不足。
13. His mistakes betrayed his lack of education.
    他的种种错误显示出他缺乏教育。

经典引文

• It was a lack of security..which was so worrying.

  出自： A. Bell

• The tranquillity,..convenience and joyfulness, notable lacks at Heathrow.

  出自：Punch

• Peraduenture there shall lacke fiue of the fiftie righteous.

  出自：Bible (AV): Genesis

• Another part that usually lacks on..bikes is the stem..that won't hold bars.

  出自：BMX Action

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

lack for (v.+prep.)

缺少,缺乏have need of sth
lack for sb/sth
She does not lack for friends.

她不缺朋友。
He will not lack for advisers.

他会有很多出谋划策的人。
The children lack for nothing although the parents are poorly dressed.

这些小孩什么都不缺,虽然他们的父母穿得不好。
I will see that you lack for nothing while you attend college.

我要使你上大学时样样齐备。
Nothing is lacking for our plan.

按我们的计划,什么也不缺了。
They do not lack for funds.

他们不缺资金。
You shall never lack for money while I am alive.

我活着你就永远不会缺钱。
Because money was lacking for the project, the committee did not approve this project.

委员会没有批准这个项目,因为该项目缺乏经费。
She has a wealthy childhood, never lacking for toys or books.

她有一个不愁吃不愁穿的童年,从来不缺玩具和书籍。
Space lacks for a detailed description of it.

篇幅有限,不能对此详加描述。
Time lacks for full explanation.

没有时间做充分的解释。 lack sth for sth
He lacks the qualifications for the post.

他不具备担任这一职务的资格。

be lacking

缺乏;没有be in short of;be not available
be lacking
Money is lacking.

钱不够。
The necessary chemicals are lacking.

必要的化学药品缺乏。
These conditions are still lacking.

这些条件还不具备。 be lacking in sth
This evening newspaper is lacking in analytical articles.

这家晚报缺少分析性文章。
Even if the play is lacking in conflict, it does have some superb poetry and a wealth of high astounding terms.

这个剧本即使缺乏冲突,倒还有优美的诗句和不少惊人的妙语。
The room is lacking in colour.

这间房缺乏色彩。
She was lacking in mathematical training.

她缺乏数学训练。
His reception of us was lacking in warmth.

他接待我们不够热情。
He is lacking in responsibility.

他缺乏责任心。
None of his plans ever comes through because he is lacking in determination.

他的计划没有一个成功,因为他没有决心。
Humour is lacking in his speech.

他讲话缺乏幽默。
He is lacking in technical know-how.

他缺乏技术知识。
He is lacking in manners.

他没有礼貌。
She was lacking in wisdom.

她缺少智慧。
We are poor, but we are not lacking in spirit.

我们人穷志不穷。
He seems to be lacking in frankness.

他似乎不够坦率。
A diet lacking in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.

缺乏营养价值的饮食不能维持人的健康。
Before we had a child we felt that there was something lacking in our lives.

在我们没有孩子的时候,总觉得生活中缺少什么。
Though lacking in fluency, he spoke to the point.

他说得不流利但能切中要害。

用作名词 (n.)

by lack of

不足,因…而没有 the state of not having enough of sth

for lack of

缺乏,因…而没有 the state of not having enough of sth

from lack of

不足,因…而没有 the state of not having enough of sth

the lack of

…不足 the state of not having enough of sth

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• lack courage 缺乏勇气
• lack ten minutes 差十分钟
• lack the experience 缺少经验

～+副词

• lack abruptly 突然缺乏
• lack absolutely 绝对缺乏
• lack abundantly 完全缺乏
• lack accidentally 偶然地缺乏
• lack bewilderingly 使人迷惑地缺乏
• lack completely 完全缺乏
• lack considerably 非常缺乏
• lack conspicuously 明显地缺乏
• lack deliberately 故意缺乏
• lack entirely 完全地缺乏
• lack essentially 基本缺乏
• lack excessively 过多缺乏
• lack exclusively 完全地缺乏
• lack financially 资金上地缺乏
• lack gradually 渐渐地缺乏
• lack gravely 严重地缺乏
• lack illogically 不合逻辑地缺乏
• lack impossibly 不可能缺乏
• lack incessantly 持续不断地缺乏
• lack inevitably 不可避免地缺乏
• lack insistently 明显地缺乏
• lack irrelevantly 不相关地缺乏
• lack liberally 大量地缺乏
• lack logically 情理之中地缺乏
• lack materially 物质上缺乏
• lack obviously 明显地缺乏
• lack powerfully 十分缺乏
• lack practically 实在缺乏
• lack prematurely 提前地缺乏
• lack primarily 首要缺乏
• lack principally 主要缺乏
• lack probably 很可能缺乏
• lack repeatedly 多次地缺乏
• lack resolutely 绝对地缺乏
• lack sadly 严重地缺乏
• lack seriously 严重地缺乏
• lack severely 严重缺乏
• lack simultaneously 同一时间地缺乏
• lack substantially 实实在在地缺乏
• lack superficially 表面上缺乏
• lack tentatively 暂时缺乏
• lack thoroughly 彻底缺乏
• lack unanimously 一致缺乏
• lack undoubtedly 毫无疑问缺乏
• lack unexpectedly 意外地缺乏
• lack unfavourably 产生不利的缺乏
• lack unhesitatingly 毫不迟疑地缺乏
• lack universally 普遍缺乏
• lack unmistakably 显而易见地缺乏
• lack unreasonably 不合理地缺乏
• lack utterly 完全缺乏
• lack visibly 明显地缺乏
• lack vitally 极其缺乏
• lack voluntarily 有意缺乏

～+介词

• lack for money 缺钱
• lack for nothing 什么都不缺
• lack for plan 缺少计划
• lack in 缺乏(某种品质、特点等)
• lack in courage 缺乏勇气
• lack in energy 缺乏精力
• lack in strength 缺乏力量

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• create the lack 造成缺乏
• ease the lack 解决缺乏
• feel a lack 感到不足〔缺乏〕
• have no lack 不缺乏
• make up the lack 弥补不足
• recognize a lack 承认缺乏,认识到不足
• sense a lack 意识到不足〔缺乏〕
• show a lack 表现出不足
• supply a lack 补缺

形容词+～

• acute lack 严重缺乏
• complete lack 完全短缺,完全缺少
• desperate lack 严重不足
• general lack 普遍不足
• growing lack 日益缺乏
• housing lack 住房短缺
• serious lack 严重缺乏
• severe lack 严重缺乏

名词+～

• food lack 食品短缺
• fuel lacks 燃料缺乏
• labor lack 劳力短缺
• material lack 材料的短缺
• teacher lack 师资短缺
• wartime lack 战时各种物资的短缺

介词+～

• by lack of 因缺…,因没有…
• for lack of 因缺…,因没有…
• through lack of 因缺…,因没有…

～+介词

• lack of 缺少…
• lack of common sense 缺乏普通常识
• lack of energy 能源短缺
• lack of experience 缺乏经验
• lack of fuel 燃料的短缺
• lack of funds 资金不足
• lack of information 信息不足
• lack of interest 兴趣不足
• lack of method 缺乏办法
• lack of money 钱不够
• lack of proper protect 缺乏适当的保护
• lack of qualities 品质差
• lack of resources 资源短缺
• lack of sleep 缺少睡眠
• lack of space 缺少篇幅
• lack of time 缺乏时间
• lack of water 缺水

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. lack的基本意思是“缺少”“缺乏”,指某物完全没有或有而不足,所缺之物可好可坏。lack也可用于抽象事物,指缺少某种品质或某物缺少某种性质、特点。如character, training, imagination, tact, individuality, evidence, money, strength, courage, interest, humour 等。
2. lack是表示状态的及物动词,不用于被动结构,也不用于进行体。
3. lack后接介词for,表示缺乏什么或在某方面缺少,常用于否定句,是正式用语,该短语多用于一般时态,隐含“并非完全没有”之意。
4. lack的现在分词lacking常用作形容词,在句中作表语。其后接介词in引起的短语,表示“在(抽象事物方面)缺乏…”。

n. (名词)

1. lack用作名词时基本意思是“缺乏,不足”,不可数,只用作单数形式,其前面加不定冠词a,常与介词of连用。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

lack, be deficient in, want

• 这组词(组)均可表示“缺乏”。其区别在于：
• 1.lack指完全没有或有而不足,所缺之物可好可坏,在用法上, lack 后面不能接动名词。
• 2.want指缺乏值得有、希望有或为了完整性而必需的东西,在用法上want也可以跟动名词作宾语,而且用主动形式表示被动的意义。例如:
• She is wanting in common sense.她缺乏常识。
• You shall never want while I have any money left.只要我有余钱,就不会叫你缺少什么。
• 3.be deficient in则是具体或明确地指出、说明在某方面缺少或不足。例如:
• This food is deficient in iron.这种食物缺乏铁。
• Nothing was deficient in this project.这项工程什么都不缺。

lack, fall short of

• 这两者意思并不相同：lack的意思是“缺乏”;而fall short of的意思是“没有达到”。例如:
• He has the ability to work well, but he lacks confidence.他有能力把工作做好,但他缺乏信心。
• The movie fell short of expectation. 影片没有人们想象中的好。
• The salary increases fell short of what they expected. 工资增加没有他们期待的那样多。

lack for, want for

• 这两个短语都可表示“缺乏必要的或想要的东西”,意义相近,常可互换,只是前者表示“客观缺乏什么”,而后者则进一步表明“主观上想要”,且lack for的意味比want for的意味弱。例如:
• As he is very rich he lacks for nothing.他很富有,什么也不缺。
• We should not want for food.我们不会缺少食物。

n. (名词)

lack, absence, shortage, want

• 这组词都有“缺乏”的意思。其区别是：
• 1.从内容上说:absence指在某一特定的场合应具备或想要的某一事物或事实; lack指应具备或需要的东西; shortage指按规定应具备或需要的数量; want则指缺少必不可少的东西,尤指为一整体的完美所必须具备的东西。
• 2.从程度上说:absence指根本就不存在; lack指完全没有或不够充足; shortage指部分短缺或开始减少; want则指缺少。
• 3.从用法上说:absence, lack和want都是不可数名词,间或可加不定冠词; 而shortage可用作不可数名词,也可用作可数名词。

lack，need，want，require

• 这些动词均有“缺少、短少”之意。
• lack指完全短缺或数量不足。
• need语气较重，指需要必不可少的东西，强调急需。
• want侧重缺少某种必需之物，或个人渴望得到的东西。
• require使用广泛，语气较轻。强调急需时可与need换用，但有时暗示所需的人或物是完成某一任务必不可少的。

lack，want，absence，shortage，scarcity

• 这些名词均含“缺乏，不足”之意。
• lack普通用词，指部分或完全的不足。
• want指完全或短缺某物，侧重缺少之物是必需的东西。使用范围比lack窄些。
• absence指某物根本不存在或完全短缺，或某人虽存在，但未到现场。
• shortage指不足，但侧重达不到规定的，需要的或已知应有的数量。
• scarcity指产量不足或缺乏某物难以应付或满足需要。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 他缺钱〔时间〕。

   误 He is lacking in money〔time〕.

   正 Time〔Money〕 is lacking.

   析 lack in只能用于有关人、物、事本质上的性质缺乏,而不可用于时间和金钱。

2. 他缺钱。

   误 He is lack of money.

   正 He lacks money.

   析 lack不是形容词,不可说be lack of。

3. 他完全没有良心。

   误 Conscience was lacked to him.

   正 He completely lacks conscience.

4. 那家伙缺乏理智。

   误 Common sense was lacked to that fellow.

   正 That fellow lacks common sense.

   析 lack是表示状态的及物动词,不用于被动结构。

n. (名词)

1. 那位科学家由于缺少经费而放弃了他的研究。

   误 The scientist abandoned his research because of the lack of funds.

   正 The scientist abandoned his research for lack of funds.

2. 彼得因毫不体贴母亲而受到严厉训斥。

   误 Peter was severely lectured because of the lack of consideration to his mother.

   正 Peter was severely lectured for lack of consideration to his mother.

   析 表示“因缺乏”,可用for〔by,from,through〕 lack of,但不能用because of the lack of。

词源解说

• ☆ 1200年左右进入英语，直接源自古英语的lac。

近反义词

【近义词】

• absence
• need
• shortage
• want
• miss
• need
• require
• want

【反义词】

• abundance
• profusion