infer

英 [ɪn'fɜː(r)] 美 [ɪn'fɜːr]

• vt. 推断；猜测；暗示
• vi. 作出推论

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 推断,推知

   conclude; reach an opinion (from facts or reasoning)

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 推断，推论，推理
2. 作出推论
3. 意味着，意指
4. 暗示，表明，表示
5. 猜想，臆测
6. 含有...的意思
7. 推测，推算，推出，推知
8. 间接地提出
9. 得出…结论，指出，指明

英英释义

Verb:

1. reason by deduction; establish by deduction

2. draw from specific cases for more general cases

3. conclude by reasoning; in logic

4. guess correctly; solve by guessing;

   "He guessed the right number of beans in the jar and won the prize"
   

5. believe to be the case;

   "I understand you have no previous experience?"
   

例句

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. We can infer the meaning of the word in the context.
   我们可以从上下文中推断这个词的含义。
2. They infer a conclusion from the facts.
   他们从事实中推断出结论。
3. I infer that my proposal has been accepted.
   我推测我的建议已被接受。
4. Ragged clothing infers poverty.
   衣衫褴褛意味着贫困。

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

1. We can infer from his expression that he is frustrated.
   我们可以从他的表情中推断出他很沮丧。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. Men observe and infer in all sorts of ways.
   人们通过各个途径进行观察和推断。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. We see smoke and infer fire.
   我们看到烟,从而推断有火。
2. Ragged clothing infers poverty.
   破衣烂衫暗示贫穷。
3. Your silence infers consent.
   你的沉默表示同意。

S+～+that-clause

1. I infer that he'll be home for dinner.
   我推测他会回家吃饭。
2. People inferred that so able a governor would make a good president.
   人们推测如此有能力的州长会成为一个好总统的。
3. I infer that my proposal has been accepted.
   据我推测我的建议被接受了。
4. He can logically infer that if the battery is dead then the horn will not sound.
   他可以符合逻辑地推测,如果蓄电池用完了,喇叭也就不会响了。
5. From what do you infer that I will not agree to the plan?
   你根据什么断定我不会同意这项计划?
6. I infer from your letter that you do not want to see us.
   我从你的来信看出你不想见我们。
7. The jury inferred from the testimony that the defendant was lying.
   陪审员根据证词推断被告在说谎。

S+～+wh-clause

1. We had to infer what she meant.
   我们不得不推测她的话是什么意思。

经典引文

• You would have been able to infer from the room alone the nature of those who lived in it.

  出自： D. M. Davin

• She inferred from this last remark that she had his blessing.

  出自： H. Green

• We cannot penetrate Bach's mind, but we can infer something about how it developed.

  出自：New York Review of Books

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

infer from (v.+prep.)

〈正〉从…中推导出 reach (an answer) by reasoning from (given facts)
infer sth from sth
I inferred this fact from the evidence I had gathered.

我从收集到的证据中推论出这个细节。
No one can infer such an opinion from his statement.

谁也不能从他的声明中得出这种看法。
They inferred his displeasure from his absence.

他没有到场,他们由此推断他生气了。
What can we infer from these facts?

从这些事实中我们可得出什么推论呢?
What can be inferred from it?

由此可以推断出什么呢?

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• infer a conclusion 推断出结论

～+副词

• infer carelessly 草草地推断
• infer certainly 断定
• infer confidently 有把握地推断
• infer hastily 匆匆地推断
• infer unreasonably 不合理地推断

～+介词

• infer from 从…中推测出…
• infer a conclusion from the facts 从事实中推断出结论

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. infer的基本意思是“推断,推知”,多指读者、听者或旁观者在所见所闻的事物中推论出某事的内涵。引申则表示“意味着”。
2. infer可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时可接名词或从句作宾语。
3. infer宾语后接介词from表示“从…推断出”,宾语是从句时, from短语可以提前。
4. infer的过去式、过去分词均为inferred。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

infer, conclude, deduce, gather, judge

• 这几个词的共同意思是“推断”。其区别在于:infer指从不太充分的论据或前提中推断出结论; conclude指通过推理或判断而得出结论; deduce指有充分根据地推论或逻辑上地演绎; gather指综合事物得出印象或感想等; judge通常指经过仔细鉴定或评价之后作出的决断。例如:
• From his a manner of dress and style of living,I gather that he is man of considerable means.从他的穿着式样和生活方式,我揣想他是个相当富有的人。
• She had concluded from that her grandmother did not like her.她已从那一点得出结论,断定她祖母不喜欢她。
• If you saw a doctor leaving a house, you might deduce the fact that someone in the house was ill.你要是看到医生从一家出来,你就可以推想那家有人生病。
• We see smoke and infer fire.我们看到烟,从而推断有火。
• Judging from what you said, they ought to succeed.从你说的情况看来,他们应当能成功。

infer, imply

• 这组词都与“暗示”有关:imply指作者或讲演者用某种方式暗示的意思; 而infer是指读者或听众从“暗示”中推断。例如:
• The speaker or writer implies things; the listener or reader infers things.讲演者和作者暗示事情,听者和读者则从中推断事情。

infer，deduce，conclude，gather，judge

• 这些动词均含“推断”之意。
• infer指从已提供的论据或从已接受的前提出发而推断出的结论。
• deduce指有充分根据的推论，也指逻辑学上的演绎。
• conclude指得出符合逻辑的结论。
• gather指从听到的情况推测、判定。
• judge多指经过仔细鉴定或评价之后作出决断。

词源解说

• ☆ 16世纪20年代进入英语，直接源自古典拉丁语的inferre，意为使产生，引起；最初源自该语的inferre：in （在……里） + ferre （传送，显示），意为由……显示出。

近反义词

【近义词】

• conclude 推断出
• deduce 演绎
• gather 聚集
• assume 假定
• suppose 假设
• imply 暗示
• suggest 建议
• surmise 推测
• understand 懂得
• extrapolate 推测
• conjecture 推测
• insinuate 暗示
• derive 获取
• presume 假定
• indicate 指示
• reckon 计算
• reason 原因
• calculate 计算
• imagine 想像
• expect 预期
• hint 暗示
• think 认为
• couch 长椅
• allude 暗示
• construe 解释
• take 拿
• judge 法官
• suspect 怀疑
• generalize 概括
• generalise 使一般化
• guess 推测
• deduct 扣除