understand

英 [ˌʌndə'stænd] 美 [ˌʌndər'stænd]

• v. 懂得；明白；理解；认识到；听说；获悉

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 懂; 理解

   grasp the meaning of (words, a language, a person, etc.)

2. vt. & vi. 听说,获悉

   have been informed; find out (a fact)

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 了解，明白，懂得
2. 认识到，领悟
3. 推断，推测，推定
4. 省略
5. 据闻，闻知，听说
6. 将...理解为
7. 通晓，熟悉
8. 晓得对付
9. 有理解力
10. 以为，以为当然，认为
11. 谅解，体谅
12. 给予同情

英英释义

Verb:

1. know and comprehend the nature or meaning of;

   "She did not understand her husband"
   "I understand what she means"
   

2. perceive (an idea or situation) mentally;

   "Now I see!"
   "I just can't see your point"
   "Does she realize how important this decision is?"
   "I don't understand the idea"
   

3. make sense of a language;

   "She understands French"
   "Can you read Greek?"
   

4. believe to be the case;

   "I understand you have no previous experience?"
   

5. be understanding of;

   "You don't need to explain--I understand!"
   

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. He is trying his best to understand his meaning.
   他正在尽力弄明白他的意思。
2. I don't understand what you're talking about.
   我不明白你在说什么。
3. If you can't do it, I will understand.
   如果你不会做这件事的话，我可以理解。
4. I don't fully understand his reasons for leaving.
   我不完全理解他离开的理由。
5. You must understand the gravity of the situation.
   你必须认识到局势的严重性。
6. I understand that you will be moving here soon.
   我听说你就要搬到这儿来住了。
7. I understand that you are now married.
   我听说你现在已结婚了。
8. We understand your corporation handles foodstuffs for export.
   我们获悉你公司经营食品出口。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. I didn't understand.
   我不懂。
2. The people listen but will not understand.
   人们听而不解其意。
3. Do animals understand?
   动物有理解力吗?
4. Don't always rely on others to understand and sympathize.
   不要老是依赖别人的理解和同情。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. My wife doesn't understand me.
   我的妻子不理解我。
2. We understand the teacher when he speaks to us in English.
   我们能听懂老师用英语和我们说的话。
3. I can't understand modern literature.
   我不懂现代文学。
4. I don't understand the point of his remark.
   我不理解他那话的意思。
5. I've read the letter but I don't understand it.
   这封信我已经看过了,可是看不懂。
6. I understand the meaning of this word, but I don't know how to use it.
   我懂这个词的意思,但我不知道它的用法。
7. This has helped the people of China and other countries to understand each other better.
   这有助于中国和其他国家的人民之间更好地互相了解。
8. She could not understand his failure to attend the meeting.
   她不理解他为什么没参加会议。
9. Now I'm understanding it a little better.
   对此我现在开始懂一点了。
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10. This must be clearly understood by everyone engaged in the work.
    这一点每个从事此项工作的人都应清楚理解。

S+～+wh-to- v

1. Do you understand what to do next?
   你们知道下一步该做什么吗?
2. She doesn't understand how to look after you.
   她不知道应怎么照顾你。
3. Do you understand how to repair the machine?
   你懂得如何修理这台机器吗?
4. We understand how to use electricity, but we do not fully understand what it is.
   我们懂得如何使用电,但并不完全明白电是什么东西。

S+～+(sb's/sb) v -ing

1. I can't understand neglecting children like that.
   对孩子这样毫不经意,我不能理解。
2. I can't understand his resigning his job.
   我难以理解他辞职的原因。
3. I just can't understand his taking the money.
   我真不理解他为什么接受那笔钱。
4. I can't understand him behaving like that.
   我不能理解他那种行为。
5. I can't understand him speaking like that.
   我不明白他为什么那么说。
6. I can't understand him leaving so suddenly.
   他这么突然地离开了,我不明白。

S+～+that-clause

1. Little by little you'll understand that you've taken the wrong road.
   你渐渐会明白你走错了道路。
2. You will of course understand that my point of view is different.
   你当然清楚,我的观点是不一样的。
3. We understand that you'll be returning next year.
   我们知道你打算明年回来。
4. I understand that Mr.Angus is going to marry Miss Ada.
   我听说安格斯先生将与埃达小姐结婚。
5. They understood that we were Chinese, and they wanted to speak with us for a few minutes.
   他们知道我们是中国人,想和我们说一会儿话。
6. I understood from him that you had lost both parents.
   我从他那儿了解到,你的双亲都去世了。
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7. It is understood that hard work can bring success.
   不言而喻,艰苦的工作可带来成功。
8. It's generally understood that this will be a good chance to exchange experience.
   一般都清楚,这是交流经验的好机会。

S+～+wh-clause

1. You don't understand what a difficult position I'm in.
   你不了解我的处境是多么困难。
2. I understand how you feel.
   我理解你的心情。
3. Do you understand how this machine works?
   你知道这台机器是怎样运转的吗?
4. I can't understand why he failed.
   我不明白他为什么失败了。
5. I do not quite understand why you asked me these questions.
   我不大明白,您为什么要问我这些问题。
6. They could not understand why he spent all his time in the laboratory.
   他们不理解为什么他要把全部时间用在实验室里。
7. It is easy to understand why he was angry.
   很容易理解他发怒的原因。

用作宾补动词

S+～+ n./pron. +to be n./adj

1. I understand him to be a distant relation.
   我知道他是一位远亲。
2. I understood him to be willing to help.
   我知道他乐于帮助人。
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3. He is understood to be a man of ability.
   他被认为是一个有能力的人。
4. He is understood to be fit for the job.
   人们认为他适合干这件工作。

S+～+ n./pron. +to- v

1. I understood him to say that he wouldn't be able to come.
   我听他说过他不能来。
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2. The president is understood to have left the country secretly.
   人们猜想总统已秘密地离开了这个国家。

其他

as Parenth.

1. He is,I understand, no longer here.
   据说,他离开这里了。
2. These things work,I understand, on the principle of nuclear fusion.
   据说这些东西是根据核聚变的原理运转的。

经典引文

• Only then..I understood the loneliness of the man in charge.

  出自： J. Conrad

• She had considered Ronald's contribution..scholarly and enlightening, although she hadn't understood it.

  出自： A. T. Ellis

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

give to understand (that)...

使(某人)理解、相信或认为 cause (sb) to believe or have the idea that...
give sb to understand (that)\u002e\u002e\u002e
His glance gave me to understand that he agreed with me.

他这一瞥,使我懂得他同意了我的意思。
I was given to understand that it was not true.

我知道这一切不是真的。
We were given to understand that the accommodation was free.

给我们的感觉是住宿是免费的。

make oneself understood

将自己的意思表达清楚 make one's meaning clear

understand by (v.+prep.)

认为…的含义是… regard (a meaning) as belonging to (usually a word or words)
understand sth by sth
What do you understand by justice ?

你对justice怎样解释?
I understand by your remark that you intend leaving the firm.

从你的言谈话语中,我看出你打算离开公司。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• understand English 懂英语
• understand finance 熟知财政
• understand sb's attitude 理解某人的态度
• understand sb's explanation 理解某人的解释
• understand sb's feeling 理解某人的心情
• understand the importance of 懂得…的重要性
• understand the meaning of 理会…的意思
• understand the seriousness of 懂得…的严重性
• understand the significance of 懂得…的意义
• understand the situation 理解局势
• understand the truth 明白真相

～+副词

• understand wrong 误解
• understand accurately 精确地理解
• understand assuredly 自信地理解
• understand clearly 清楚地懂得
• understand cleverly 聪明地理解
• understand distinctly 清晰地理解
• understand easily 容易理解
• understand eventually 最终理解
• understand exceptionally 特别理解
• understand expressly 快速地理解
• understand fully 充分理解
• understand intimately 精通地理解
• understand keenly 聪明地理解
• understand literally 字面上地理解
• understand perfectly 完全理解
• understand properly 恰当地理解
• understand shrewdly 精明地理解
• understand subtly 细微地理解
• understand sympathetically 同情地理解
• understand tacitly 心照不宣地理解
• understand theoretically 从理论上理解
• understand thoroughly 透彻地理解
• understand vaguely 模糊地理解

～+介词

• understand as 把…理解为…
• understand sb's suggestion as a complaint 把某人的建议理解为发牢骚
• understand from 从…获悉

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. understand的基本意思是“懂,理解”,可指理解某人或某事,也可指认为或以为某人或某事是什么。可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,可接名词、代词、动名词、带疑问词的动词不定式、that从句及疑问词从句作宾语,还可接以“to be+ n./adj. ”或动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。understand接动名词作宾语时,该宾语常可带名词或代词的属格或宾格表示其逻辑主体。
2. I understand作“听说,获悉”解时,指从获得的情报、消息、情况等中得出结论、推测,一般用于比较正式的场合,可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,主要接that从句作宾语,还可接以动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。
3. understand作“听说,获悉”解时,还可用于插入语中。
4. understand是表示心理或感情状态的动词,一般不用于进行体,也不用于现完成时,偶尔可用于进行体表示“开始懂得”。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

make oneself understood, make sb understand

• 这两个短语意思不同:make oneself understood表示“使自己被人理解”, make sb understand则表示“使某人理解”。例如:
• Can he make himself understood in Eng- lish?
• 他能用英语表达自己的意思吗?
• I tried to make him understand the mean- ing of the word.
• 我曾尽力使他理解这个词的意思。

understand, appreciate, comprehend, see

• 这组词都有“明白”或“理解”的意思。其区别在于：
• 1.see的基本意思可指一般视觉的“看见”,也可指有意识地“观察”,引申可表示由观察而“领会”“理解”。
• 2.comprehend指用智力充分而完全地理解事物的内在含义。例如:
• The child read the story but didn't comprehend its full meaning.那孩子看了这篇故事,但没有理解它的全部意思。
• If you can use a word correctly and effectively you comprehend it.如果你能正确、有效地使用一个词,你就是了解它了。
• 3.understand则是明白别人说的话,完全了解某种事实。例如:
• My wife doesn't understand me.我的妻子不理解我。
• I've read the letter but I don't understand it.这封信我已经看过了,可是看不懂。
• 4.appreciate指对某物有较深的理解能力,强调“欣赏”。例如:
• She appreciated a work of art.她欣赏一件艺术品。
• I am incapable of appreciating classical music.我不会欣赏古典音乐。

understand, know, learn

• 这组词都有“了解”的意思。它们的区别是:know指对某一事物的直接了解或通过体验、传授获得知识; learn意为“听说”“得知”,强调对某一具体事物从“不知”到“知”的变化; understand指对某事物的性质、规律、意义等都十分了解,而且还指了解它所包含的其他意义和关系,其程度要比know了解得更深、更广。例如:
• How had he learned that secret?他怎么得知这个秘密的?
• They were greatly surprised to learn the news.听到这个消息,他们都很吃惊。
• Do you understand the difficulty of my position?你了解我处境的困难吗?

know，learn，comprehend，understand

• 这些动词都含“懂、知道、明了”之意。
• know普通用词，多指通过学习、经验或他人传播而得到知识，含直接知道的意味。
• learn通常指通过他人而获得消息或情况，侧重从不知到知的变化过程。
• comprehend侧重熟悉了解的过程。
• understand指对事物已有彻底的认识，不仅知其性质、含义和细节，而且了解其内外的关系。

understand，comprehend，appreciate，apprehend，grasp

• 这些动词均有“理解”之意。
• understand一般用词，很常用，指对事实或意义知道得很清楚。
• comprehend较正式用词，指对较复杂的事物能透彻理解其意义。
• appreciate欣赏，指对某事物或意义有正确的认识，对其价值的肯定。
• apprehend指知道某事物或某观念的大概意义，但未能理解其内涵意义，暗含一知半解意味。
• grasp从本义抓紧、抓住，引申作“理解、掌握”。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的understandan，意为理解、领悟。

近反义词

【近义词】

• comprehend
• grasp
• realize
• see
• hear
• learn

【反义词】

• misunderstand 误解