incumbent

英 [ɪn'kʌmbənt] 美 [ɪn'kʌmbənt]

• adj. 负有义务的；凭依的
• n. 在职者；领圣职的俸禄的牧师

双解释义

adj. (形容词)

1. [A] 在职的

   holding the stated office

2. [P]义不容辞的

   being the duty or responsibility (of sb)

n. (名词)

1. [C]教区牧师

   rector or vicar

2. [C]教会中的任职者

   person holding a church benefice

英英释义

Noun:

1. the official who holds an office

Adjective:

1. lying or leaning on something else;

   "an incumbent geological formation"
   

2. necessary (for someone) as a duty or responsibility; morally binding;

   "it is incumbent on them to pay their own debts"
   

3. currently holding an office;

   "the incumbent governor"
   

例句

用作形容词 (adj.)

1. It is incumbent on me to reclaim him.
   劝他改过是我义不容辞的义务。
2. I think it's incumbent upon us to support him.
   我变为支持他是我们义不容辞的责任。
3. It is incumbent upon justice to give some warnings of their doubt about a case.
   法官有责任提醒人们有关他们对案件的疑问。

用作名词 (n.)

1. He, as the incumbent, is vulnerable on this.
   作为在职者,他在这个问题上易受攻击。

常见句型

用作形容词 (adj.)

用作定语

～+ n.

1. Bush is the incumbent president of the United States.
   布什是美国现任总统。

用作表语

It is/was+～+on〔upon〕 pron. +to- v

1. It is incumbent upon us to do so.
   这样做是我们义不容辞的责任。
2. It is incumbent on you to provide for your parents.
   供养父母是你应尽的义务。

用作名词 (n.)

1. The old man is an incumbent.
   那位老人是一位教区牧师。

经典引文

• The post of private chaplain..had had half a dozen incumbents.

  出自： K. Amis

• The proselytes will return to their original sentiments as soon as the incumbent terror is removed.

  出自： G. Morris

词汇搭配

• incumbent on 成为责任的
• incumbent upon 是

词语用法

adj. (形容词)

1. incumbent用作形容词作“在职的”解时常用作定语；作“义不容辞的”解时常用作表语，其后常接“on〔upon〕 pron. +to- v ”结构。

近反义词

【近义词】

• official 正式的
• office holder 英国官员(公务员)...
• occupant 占有者
• appointee 被任命人
• officer 官员
• executive 行政的
• forcible 强制的
• obligatory 强制性的
• mandatory 法定的
• compulsory 强制的
• binding 镶边
• unavoidable 不可避免的
• inescapable 无法逃脱的
• officeholder 公务员