harm

英 [hɑːm] 美 [hɑːrm]

• n. 危害；伤害；损害
• vt. 伤害；损害

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [U]损害,危害,伤害

   damage or wrong

v. (动词)

1. vt. (使)受到损害,伤害

   cause harm to; hurt

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 危害，伤害，损害，损伤
2. 祸，祸患
3. 冒犯，得罪
4. 恶意，邪恶
5. 妨，妨碍，麻烦
6. 哈姆（美国制造的反雷达导弹）

v. 动词

1. 伤害，损害，危害
2. 影响，妨事

英英释义

Noun:

1. any physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident or fracture etc.

2. the occurrence of a change for the worse

3. the act of damaging something or someone

Verb:

1. cause or do harm to;

   "These pills won't harm your system"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. If we interfere, it may do more harm than good.
   倘若我们进行干预，那可能弊多利少。
2. It wouldn't do him any harm to work a bit harder.
   工作努力点对他没什么害处。
3. The army defends the people from harm .
   军队保护人民免遭伤害。
4. His failures did his reputation a lot of harm.
   他屡次失败使他的声誉受到很大损害。
5. Excessive drinking did harm to his health.
   过量饮酒损害了他的健康。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. There was a traffic accident in this street, but no one was harmed.
   这街上发生了交通事故，但没有人受伤。
2. We little believed that he would harm us.
   我们一点也不相信他会伤害我们。
3. I won't harm you if you let me talk.
   只要你让我谈，我就不伤害你。
4. Don't harm your eyes by reading in dim light.
   不要在昏暗的灯光下看书,以免损害眼睛。
5. Will this cleaning fluid harm the furniture?
   这种清洁剂会损害家俱吗?
6. It did harm the relative power of the Japannese state.
   它损害了日本国的相对实力。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. Her film was a complete failure, and this did her reputation a lot of harm.
   她这部电影是彻底的失败了,使她的名声受到很大的损害。
2. Excessive drinking will do you harm.
   过量饮酒对身体有害。
3. He means no harm by saying what he thinks, but people tend to be upset by it.
   他想到什么就说什么,并无恶意,但人们听了心里总是不舒服。

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～ n. / pron.

1. I have never harmed anyone.
   我从没伤害过任何人。
2. Smoking harms our health.
   吸烟有害健康。
1
3. There was a fire in our street, but no one was harmed.
   我们街上发生了火灾,但无人受伤。

经典引文

• She had done wrong..; she only hoped that she had not done harm.

  出自： E. M. Forster

• Dora, you're too sweet to wish harm even to Hitler!

  出自： D. Cusack

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

come to harm

受到损害be hurt

do more harm than good

弊大于利have an effect which is more damaging than helpful

out of harm's way

在安全的地方in a safe place

there is no harm in v-ing

做某事无害(反而带来某些好处)nothing is lost by doing sth (and some good may result from it)

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• cause harm 造成伤害
• do sb 〔sth 〕 harm 损害某人〔某物〕
• mean〔think〕 no harm 没有恶意

形容词+～

• bodily harm 人身伤害
• serious〔slight〕 harm 严重〔轻微〕伤害

介词+～

• without harm 没有损害〔伤害〕

～+介词

• harm to 对…有害

词义辨析

v. (动词)

harm, damage, hurt, impair, injure, wound

• 这组词的共同意思是“损害,损伤”。impair表示损伤某人〔物〕而导致削弱、缩小或减少其使用价值,也可指情绪的损伤; damage表示损害了表面,损害了人或物的某个部分或使之完全失掉用途; harm表示人的心理、健康、权力或事业上的损害,程度较轻; hurt多用来表示伤害身体或某一部位,或表示剧烈的疼痛或精神上受到伤害; injure表示身体或精神上各种性质及任何程度的伤害,多表示意外受伤; wound主要指在战斗中武器或凶器等造成的外伤或剧烈的痛苦。

harm, spoil

• 这组词的共同意思是“损害”。其区别在于:
• 1.harm常指肉体或精神受到“损伤”,也可指某事〔物〕受到“损害”或“损失”,带来烦恼及不便; 而spoil常指力量、价值等的降低或事物的最终毁灭,也可指日常生活中某事不顺利或碰钉子等。
• 2.harm语气较弱; 而spoil则语气较强。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的hearm，意为伤害。

近反义词

【近义词】

• damage
• hurt
• injury
• damage
• hurt
• injure

【反义词】

• profit 利润