hardly

英 ['hɑːdli] 美 ['hɑːrdli]

• adv. 几乎不；简直不；刚刚

双解释义

adv. (副词)

1. 几乎没有,几乎不

   almost no; almost not

2. 刚刚,仅仅

   only just; scarcely

详尽释义

adv. 副词

1. 几乎不，简直不，几乎没有（尤用于 can 或 could 之后，主要动词之前，强调做某事很难）
2. 不十分
3. <婉>不
4. 仅仅，仅
5. 严厉地，苛刻地，粗鲁地
6. <罕>使劲地，拼命地，辛辛苦苦地，艰难地

英英释义

Adverb:

1. only a very short time before;

   "they could barely hear the speaker"
   "we hardly knew them"
   "just missed being hit"
   "had scarcely rung the bell when the door flew open"
   "would have scarce arrived before she would have found some excuse to leave"
   

2. almost not;

   "he hardly ever goes fishing"
   "he was hardly more than sixteen years old"
   "they scarcely ever used the emergency generator"
   

例句

用作副词 (adv.)

1. Hardly anybody came.
   几乎没有人来。
2. He could hardly refrain himself.
   他几乎不能自制。
3. The desert air contains hardly any moisture.
   沙漠的空气几乎不含一点湿气。
4. He is so excited that he can hardly sleep.
   他如此兴奋，几乎不能入睡。
5. She could hardly believe her ears.
   她简直不能相信自己的耳朵。
6. My legs were so weak I could hardly stand.
   我的腿软得简直不能站立。
7. Hardly had the game begun when it started raining.
   比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来。

常见句型

用作副词 (adv.)

用作状语

1. I can hardly remember him at this distance of time.
   时间隔得这么久,我已几乎记不得他了。
2. I could hardly wait to hear the news.
   我迫不及待地要听这消息。
3. I'm so tired that I can hardly walk.
   我太累,简直走不动了。
4. You can hardly blame me if you didn't like the place, as you were the one who begged me to take you there.
   如果你不喜欢那地方也不该骂我,因为正是你求我带你去那儿的。
5. You can hardly expect me to lend you money again.
   你别指望我再借钱给你。
6. I hardly knew him.
   我不大认识他。
7. Cathy felt unfair because she was hardly treated by the teacher.
   凯西觉得很不公平,因为她受到老师严厉的对待。
8. Do you know Switzerland well?—Oh, no, hardly at all.
   你熟悉瑞士吗?——不,根本不知道。
9. You hardly look old enough.
   你看起来没有那么老。
10. I've hardly slept at all this week.
    这星期我几乎没睡什么觉。
11. They hardly had anything to eat for a week.
    他们一周来几乎没吃什么东西。
12. I have got hardly any money.
    我几乎没有钱了。
13. There is hardly any milk left.
    几乎没有什么牛奶了。
14. We had hardly started when it began to rain.
    我们刚出发,就开始下雨。
15. Hardly did they speak another word.
    他们几乎没有再说一句话。
16. Hardly had I closed my eyes when I began to imagine the most fantastic.
    我刚一合眼,就开始想象一些奇形怪状的东西。
17. He hardly drinks, does he?
    他很少喝酒,是吧?
18. They could hardly manage to do it, could they?
    这件事他们恐怕做不了,对吧?
19. This story is hardly worthy of belief.
    这故事难以置信。
20. Her performance was adequate but hardly exciting.
    她的表演还是可以的,尽管谈不上令人激动。
21. That news is hardly surprising.
    那消息并不令人吃惊。
22. The noise at the party was so loud that I was hardly able to edge in a remark at all.
    聚会上人声嘈杂,我几乎连一句话也插不进去。

经典引文

• The Lamprey caught fast hold on his hand, biting hardly.

  出自： E. Topsell

常用短语

用作副词 (adv.)

hardly ever

几乎从不,很少,难得 very seldom

词汇搭配

用作副词 (adv.)

动词+～

• close hardly 刚合上眼
• eat hardly 几乎没吃
• expect hardly 别期望
• know hardly 几乎不认识
• remember hardly 几乎不记得
• talk hardly 几乎不说

～+形容词

• hardly exciting 谈不上令人激动
• hardly surprising 并不令人吃惊
• hardly true 不太真实

词语用法

adv. (副词)

1. hardly是具有否定意义的副词,基本意思是“几乎不,几乎没有,很少”。修饰表示能力的词,可表示事实上不可能,暗示“困难”之意。
2. hardly常修饰动态动词或系表结构,位于实义动词之前,系动词、情态动词、第一个助动词之后。hardly也可修饰名词、代词、形容词。hardly位于句首时,句子须借助助动词构成倒装语序。
3. hardly本身含有否定意味,句中不可再使用其他否定词,用于反意疑问句时,附加问句需用肯定式。
4. hardly常用于hardly had...when结构,意为“刚…就…”,表示一件事紧接着一件事发生,与过去完成时连用。when引导时间状语从句时,主句一般用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。hardly置于句首时,助动词had要放在主句的主语前。
5. hardly常与any连用,意为“几乎没有”。

词义辨析

adv. (副词)

hardly, barely, scarcely

• 这组词意思相近，其区别是：
• hardly常用来修饰表示能力的词; scarcely强调不足,常与enough, sufficient等词连用; barely强调“勉强”。例如:
• The enemy are so exhausted that they are hardly able to fight any longer.敌人已经疲惫得简直不能再战了。
• The field is so thickly grown with rice that there is scarcely sufficient room for one to work in.稻子长得很密,人们简直无法下田劳动了。
• I have barely enough money to buy a cup of coffee.我的钱刚好够买一杯咖啡。

hardly, hard

• 1.hard可作形容词或副词; 而hardly只能用作副词。
• 2.hard意指“坚硬”“痛苦的”“结实的”“艰难地”“困苦地”“费力地”“困难地”; 而hardly是“几乎不”“几乎没有”的意思。

hardly...when, as soon as, no sooner...than

• 这三个短语都可表示“一…就…”。其区别是：
• 1.as soon as可转化为no sooner...than或hardly...when结构。例如:
• As soon as I heard the knock I opened the door.
• No sooner had I heard the knock than I opened the door.
• Hardly had I heard the knock when I opened the door.
• 当我听到敲门声,我马上就开门了。
• 2.as soon as通常用于一般时态, no hardly...than和hardly...when通常用于过去完成时。例如:
• As soon as you finish your job, let me know.你一完成工作就告诉我一声。
• No sooner had the doctor arrived than he began treating the sick.医生一到马上就抢救病人。
• I had hardly started when it began to rain.我刚动身就下起雨来了。

hardly，scarcely

• 这一对副词都有“几乎不”、“几乎没有”的否定意味，但涵义重心有细微的差异。
• hardly强调“困难”，指程度而言，常用以修饰表示能力的词，与can、ever、any等词连用。
• scarcely强调“不足”，主要指数量而言，常与enough、sufficient、any或数词连用。

常见错误

adv. (副词)

1. 我刚合上眼,电话铃就响了。

   误 Hardly I had closed my eyes when the telephone rang.

   正 Hardly had I closed my eyes when the telephone rang.

   析 hardly置于句首时,句子要用倒装结构。

近反义词

【近义词】

• almost not
• barely
• faintly
• harshly
• in no way
• just
• not by a great deal
• only
• rarely
• roughly
• scarcely
• severely

【反义词】

• amply
• easily
• fully
• very
• well over
• by all means
• certainly
• really
• truly