destroy

英 [dɪ'strɔɪ] 美 [dɪ'strɔɪ]

• v. 破坏；杀死；消灭；摧毁

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 破坏,毁坏

   break to pieces; make useless; put an end to

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 使失败，彻底打败
2. 破坏，摧残，粉碎
3. 肃清
4. 歼灭（敌人），消灭，使覆灭
5. 扑灭
6. 驱除
7. 毁，毁掉，（使）毁灭，毁坏，摧毁，销毁，损毁，捣毁，烧毁
8. 遭灭顶之灾
9. 打破（希望、计划）
10. 压服，压倒，压垮
11. 结束，终止
12. 废除，除掉
13. 杀死，杀戳，干掉
14. 使无效
15. <俚>在某项竞赛中大胜

英英释义

Verb:

1. do away with, cause the destruction or undoing of;

   "The fire destroyed the house"
   

2. destroy completely; damage irreparably;

   "You have ruined my car by pouring sugar in the tank!"
   "The tears ruined her make-up"
   

3. defeat soundly;

   "The home team demolished the visitors"
   

4. put (an animal) to death;

   "The customs agents destroyed the dog that was found to be rabid"
   "the sick cat had to be put down"
   

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. If the tree falls that way, it will destroy the house.
   这棵树向那边倒下就会把那所房子压坏。
2. We want to nurture the new project, not destroy it.
   我们要支持这个新工程，不要破坏它。
3. The new law operates to destroy our advantages.
   这项新法律损害我们的利益。
4. He had to destroy the injured animal.
   他只好杀死那个受伤的动物。
5. We must first of all destroy the enemy effectives.
   我们首先必须消灭敌人的有生力量。
6. Before they fled the country, the enemy vainly attempted to destroy all the factories.
   敌人在逃往国外前，妄图把所有工厂都毁掉。
7. An atom bomb would destroy a city.
   一颗原子弹能摧毁一座城市。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. It is proverbially easier to destroy than to construct.
   谁都知道破坏容易建设难。
2. Destroy after reading.
   阅毕销毁。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. It seems he's destroying himself.
   他似乎正在毁灭自己。
2. They hope to destroy us one by one, they shall fail.
   他们想一个一个地消灭我们,他们一定不会得逞。
3. In medieval times plague destroyed men by the thousands.
   在中世纪,瘟疫夺去了成千上万人的生命。
4. Go all out and be sure to destroy the enemy intruders.
   全力以赴,务歼入侵之敌。
5. We destroyed about 25 brigades in the next three months.
   在以后三个月中,我们歼灭了大约25个旅。
6. An explosion destroyed the engine.
   一场爆炸把发动机毁坏了。
7. The flood destroyed many houses.
   洪水摧毁了许多房屋。
8. An atom bomb would destroy a city.
   一颗原子弹会摧毁一座城市。
9. He hates his little sister because she destroyed all his toys.
   他讨厌他的小妹妹,因为她损坏了他所有的玩具。
10. When people move into a new place, they often destroy many wild plants.
    每当人们迁移到一个新地方,他们常常破坏许多野生植物。
11. This poison can destroy rats.
    这种毒药可灭鼠。
12. He worked out methods to destroy bacteria on the seeds.
    他研究出消灭种子上细菌的方法。
13. We must first of all destroy the enemy effectives.
    我们首先必须消灭敌人的有生力量。
14. The moon destroys the light of the stars.
    明月使星光黯淡。
15. You have destroyed my life and all my hopes.
    你毁了我的一生和我的一切希望。
16. Force can never destroy right.
    武力不能摧毁正义。
17. They destroyed our sense of isolation.
    他们消除了我们的孤立感。
18. This destroyed his creative ability.
    这破坏了他的创造力。
1
19. Many lives were destroyed by the robbers.
    强盗杀死了许多人。
20. Many lives were destroyed by the earthquake.
    这次地震造成许多人死亡。
21. The king was beaten and his army destroyed.
    国王被打败了,他的军队全军覆没。
22. After bitter hand-to-hand combat, the enemy military camps were entirely destroyed.
    经过一场短兵相接的激烈战斗,所有敌军营垒全被摧毁了。
23. The farmer met with misfortune; his crops were destroyed by a storm.
    这个农民遭到不幸,他的收成被暴风雨毁坏了。
24. Works of art and priceless historical records were ruthlessly destroyed.
    艺术品和珍贵的史料全被无情地毁掉了。
25. The forest was destroyed by fire.
    森林被大火烧尽。
26. The building was destroyed when the defective boiler exploded.
    那个有毛病的锅炉爆炸时,那座楼被炸毁了。
27. If nuclear weapons are employed the world will be destroyed.
    要是使用了核武器,世界就将遭到毁灭。
28. The plane was destroyed by shooting.
    飞机被炮火摧毁。
29. If laws were destroyed, social rights and wrongs would become confused.
    假如法律遭到破坏,社会的善恶就要混淆不清。
30. When he failed in the college entrance examination, he felt that his hope was destroyed.
    当他大学落榜时,他感觉到他的希望破灭了。
31. The enemy's scheme was destroyed.
    敌人的阴谋被粉碎了。
32. All his hopes were now destroyed.
    他的一切希望现在都破灭了。
33. His last hope was destroyed by the manner of her reply.
    她答话的态度摧毁了他最后一线希望。
34. Their efforts were destroyed.
    他们的努力失败了。
35. I am destroyed by walking.
    步行已经使我精疲力竭了。

经典引文

• The castle..had been largely destroyed by a fire.

  出自： M. Meyer

• An Egyptian..missile destroyed an Israeli reconnaissance plane.

  出自： H. Kissinger

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• destroy a building 毁坏建筑物
• destroy a dyke 毁坏堤坝
• destroy a plan 破坏计划
• destroy a puppet regime 摧毁傀儡政权
• destroy a stronghold 摧毁堡垒
• destroy civilization 破坏文明
• destroy enemy 歼灭敌人
• destroy equipment 毁坏设备
• destroy germs 杀菌,灭菌
• destroy hope 打破希望
• destroy installations 毁坏设备
• destroy numbers of enemy effectives 消灭大量的敌人有生力量
• destroy one's health 损坏健康
• destroy oneself 自杀
• destroy peace 破坏和平
• destroy rule 摧毁统治
• destroy sb's belief 破坏某人的信仰
• destroy sb's faith in 破坏某人对…的信念
• destroy sb's prestige 破坏某人的威信〔威望〕
• destroy the bandits 消灭土匪
• destroy the old world and build the new 破坏旧世界,建设新世界

～+副词

• destroy completely 彻底地毁掉
• destroy deliberately 蓄意地破坏
• destroy mercilessly 无情地毁坏
• destroy partially 部分地毁坏
• destroy ruthlessly 无情地毁掉
• destroy totally 全部地毁坏
• destroy wantonly 肆意地破坏

～+介词

• destroy by a fire 毁于火灾

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. destroy的基本意思是用任何力量“破坏,毁坏”,用于物时,指破坏或毁坏有用的事物; 用于人时,指用武力或暴力“杀死”“毁灭”“消灭”敌人等。
2. destroy可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,可接名词或代词作宾语。可用于被动结构。
3. 在口语中destroy有时可作“把…累得精疲力竭”解,作此解时,谓语若以be destroyed形式出现,其后可接动名词形式。
4. 在口语里destroy还可作“销毁”解。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

destroy, break, demolish, ruin

• 这组词都含有“破坏”“毁坏”“消灭”的意思。其区别在于:
• 1.destroy和ruin这两个词所表示的“毁坏”都含有“彻底”的意味,有时可互换。destroy强调“彻底性”; ruin强调不可修复。例如:
• The rain has ruined〔destroyed〕 the crops.这雨把庄稼全毁了。
• 2.break, destroy和demolish的主语可以是人,也可以是事物; 而ruin的主语多为天灾人祸等无形的力量。例如:
• The windshield broke but did not shatter.挡风玻璃裂了,但没有碎。
• All the intruders were destroyed.所有的入侵者都被歼灭了。
• That street was demolished a few years ago.那条街于几年前拆除了。
• She has a very real grievance against the hospital since the operation which ruined her health.自从她做过手术后,健康状况变坏,所以她确实对医院有怨言。
• 3.break的宾语可以是有形物,也可以是非物质性的事物; destroy和demolish用于具体事物可指“高楼大厦”等; 用于抽象事物时destroy指“名誉”“声望”等, demolish则指某人的论点、论据等。ruin的宾语则多是美好珍贵的事物。例如:
• His mother's heart will break if he leaves her.如果他离开母亲,她的心会碎的。
• All his hopes were now destroyed.他的一切希望现在都破灭了。
• We have demolished all her arguments and she has nothing more to say.我们推翻了她所有的论点,她无言以对。
• The manuscript was ruined by long exposure in the cold damp cellar.手稿在地下室因长期受阴冷潮湿的破坏而无法辨认了。
• 4.break可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词; destroy和demolish只用作及物动词; 而ruin多用作及物动词,偶尔可用作不及物动词。例如:
• She broke a vase uncarefully.她不小心打破了一只花瓶。
• The cup broke when it fell on the floor.茶杯掉到地上摔破了。
• The mad dog ought to be destroyed.这只疯狗应该杀死。
• They are going to demolish that old factory.他们准备拆毁那家旧工厂。
• I was ruined by that law case; I'm a ruined man!我被那场官司搞垮了,现在已经倾家荡产!

destroy, damage

• 这两个词的共同意思是“损坏”“破坏”。其区别是：
• 1.在程度上, destroy指十分彻底地破坏,而damage指并不彻底地破坏。
• 2.在后果上, destroy指不能或很难修复了,而damage指不能发挥正常作用了。
• 3.在对象上, destroy可接物,也可接人,而damage通常只用于非生物。
• 4.在造成破坏的原因上, destroy多指不可抵抗的外界力量,而damage则常指因人的过失。例如:
• Many lives were destroyed by the earth- quake.
• 这次地震造成许多人死亡。
• An explosion destroyed the engine.
• 一声爆炸把发动机毁坏了。

break，destroy，ruin，wreck，damage，spoil

• 这些动词均有“破坏，损坏”之意。
• break普通用词，指某物因被打破或撕破而受到破坏，可指有形或无形的破坏。
• destroy多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，含导致无用，不能或很难再修复的意味。
• ruin多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性，也可用于引申意义。
• wreck侧重指船只、车辆、房屋等受到严重破坏或完全毁坏，也可指计划、健康受到损害。
• damage多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果。
• spoil强调不仅会削弱力量、精力或价值，而且会导致不可避免的毁灭。

destroy，exterminate，extinguish

• 这3个动词均有“消灭”之意。
• destroy指通过杀戮或终止某人某物的机能，使之无用或毁灭。
• exterminate指大量地、成批地杀害、消灭。
• extinguish原义指灭火，转义后暗示生命、希望等像灭火一样地被消灭、熄灭。

词源解说

• ☆ 13世纪初期进入英语，直接源自中古英语的destroien；最初源自拉丁语的destruere，意为建筑倒下来。

近反义词

【近义词】

• demolish
• destruct
• ruin
• smash
• end
• extinguish
• kill
• slay

【反义词】

• create
• start
• undertake