acid

英 ['æsɪd] 美 ['æsɪd]

• n. 酸；酸性物质；<俚>迷幻药
• adj. 酸的；酸性的；尖酸的

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [U][C]〈化〉酸

   a chemical compound, usually a liquid, that contains Hydrogen and has a pH of less than seven

2. [U]麦角酰二乙胺

   the hallucinogenic drug

adj. (形容词)

1. 酸的; 酸性的

   (technical)that contains acid or has the essential characteristics of an acid; that has a pH of less than seven

2. 酸的; 酸味的

   that has a bitter sharp taste

3. 〈书〉尖刻的; 尖酸的

   (of a person's remarks)critical and unkind

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 【化】酸
2. 有酸味的东西，酸味物质，酸性物，酸类物质
3. 尖刻，讥讽
4. <俚>迷幻药
5. 醋

adj. 形容词

1. 酸的，酸味的，有酸味的
2. 尖酸刻薄的，辛辣的，尖酸的，尖刻的，刻薄的
3. 【化】酸性的，酸的
4. 敏锐的
5. 易怒的
6. 含大量硅酸的
7. 讽刺的
8. 有浓酸的

英英释义

Noun:

1. any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt

2. street name for lysergic acid diethylamide

Adjective:

1. harsh or corrosive in tone;

   "an acerbic tone piercing otherwise flowery prose"
   "a barrage of acid comments"
   "her acrid remarks make her many enemies"
   "bitter words"
   "blistering criticism"
   "caustic jokes about political assassination, talk-show hosts and medical ethics"
   "a sulfurous denunciation"
   "a vitriolic critique"
   

2. being sour to the taste

3. having the characteristics of an acid;

   "an acid reaction"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. Acids react with bases to form salts.
   酸与碱反应生成盐。
2. The acid burnt a hole in the carpet.
   酸把地毯烧了个洞。
3. The acid has burnt a hole in my jacket.
   这种酸把我的上衣烧了一个窟窿。
4. The acid in the rain slowly ate away at the stone wall.
   雨水中的酸性物质慢慢侵蚀着石墙。

用作形容词 (adj.)

1. Add more sugar if it tastes too acid.
   如果尝着太酸的话就多放点糖。
2. These plants prefer an acid soil.
   这些植物喜酸性土壤。
3. She uttered the phrase with acid sarcasm.
   她以辛辣的讽刺口吻说这个词。
4. His remarks were rather acid.
   他的话有些尖酸刻薄。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. Acids produce positively charged hydrogen atoms when dissolved in water.
   酸在水中溶解时可生成带正电荷的氢原子。
2. Strong acids attack metals.
   强酸腐蚀金属。
3. The acid burnt a hole in the carpet.
   酸把地毯烧了个洞。
4. Acids are usually sour and can often burn holes in or damage things they touch.
   酸通常是酸性的,它们能把它们接触到的东西腐蚀成洞或毁掉。
5. She spilled some acid which burned a hole in her dress.
   她打翻了一些酸液,在衣服上烧了一个洞。
6. Be careful not to spill acid on your clothes.
   小心别把酸溅到衣服上。
7. The thieves had thrown acid in his face, which would have blinded him.
   窃贼们将酸洒在了他的脸上,这原本会使他的眼睛瞎掉。
8. Vinegar is a fairly weak acid.
   醋是一种很弱的酸。
9. Because the pH of this liquid is less than 7.0 we can say it is an acid.
   该液体的pH值小于7.0,因此我们可以称其为一种酸。
10. It was thought that he disposed of the corpse in an acid bath.
    据猜想他在酸浴槽里销毁了尸体。
11. Granite is an acid rock.
    花岗岩是一种硅酸岩。
12. Poor kid! She spent most of her time behind acid.
    可怜的孩子,她把大部分时间都花在吸毒上！
13. Dab it with a solution of weak acid.
    在那上面擦点弱酸溶液。
14. This chemical acts a part of an acid in our experiment.
    这种化学药品在我们的试验中起酸的作用。
15. One speaker was high on acid.
    有位演讲者服了麦角酸迷幻药而神魂颠倒。
16. Some kids are hooked on acid these days in America.
    如今美国有些小家伙也沉湎于吸麻醉品。
17. I really thought I was through with drugs, at least acid for sure.
    我认为我真的不吸毒了,可以肯定至少没有吸致幻剂LSD了。

用作形容词 (adj.)

用作定语

～+ n.

1. These plants prefer an acid soil.
   这些植物喜欢酸性土壤。
2. Rye is tolerant of poor, acid soils.
   黑麦耐贫瘠的酸性的土壤。
3. A lemon is an acid fruit.
   柠檬是一种酸的水果。
4. Vinegar has a strong acid taste.
   醋有很强的酸味。
5. The medicine had a sharp, acid taste.
   这种药有辛辣的酸味。
6. Everyone doesn't like to hear the acid remarks.
   没有人喜欢听那尖酸刻薄的话。
7. She has an acid tongue.
   她说话刻薄。
8. Your acid remarks are not welcome.
   你刻薄的话并不讨人喜欢。
9. This is an acid comment on the situation.
   这是一篇有关时局的讽刺性评论。
10. Unfortunately, the book has none of the acid wit of her earlier writings.
    不幸的是,这本书丝毫没有她早期作品的真知灼见。
11. Driving on that ice road was the acid test of my skill.
    在那冰冻的路上开车是对我驾驶技术的决定性考验。
12. Europe is waiting anxiously to see how the President handles this acid test of his leadership and his determination to defend human freedoms.
    欧洲不安地注视着,看看美国总统怎样经受住这场对他的领导才能以及对他维护人类自由的决心的严峻考验。
13. This venture is seen as an acid test of the alliance.
    这次冒险行动被视为对该联盟的严峻考验。

用作表语

S+be+～

1. These oranges are very acid.
   这些橘子很酸。
2. Add more sugar if it tastes too acid.
   如果味道太酸就多加些糖。
3. Lemons taste acid.
   柠檬吃起来有些酸。
4. When she spoken her tone was acid.
   她讲话时的语调很尖刻。

经典引文

• Rather an acid expression of countenance.

  出自： Disraeli

• He had a certain acid humour.

  出自： W. S. Maugham

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• drop acid 吸迷幻药
• play the acid on 设法从…处榨得好处; 对…施加压力
• put the acid on 设法从…处榨得好处; 对…施加压力
• try the acid on 设法从…处榨得好处; 对…施加压力

形容词+～

• acetic acid 醋酸
• corrosive acid 腐蚀性酸
• hydrochloric acid 盐酸
• lactic acid 乳酸
• nitric acid 硝酸
• sulphuric acid 硫酸

～+名词

• acid colour 酸性染料
• acid rain 酸雨
• acid rock 疯狂的摇摆舞音乐
• acid wash 酸洗

介词+～

• be on acid 服迷幻药成瘾

用作形容词 (adj.)

～+名词

• acid analysis 精辟分析
• acid clay 酸性黏土
• acid comment 讽刺的评论
• acid fruit 酸水果
• acid intelligence 敏锐的才智
• acid remark 刻薄的话
• acid solution 酸溶液
• acid taste 酸味
• acid test 严峻的考验
• acid wit 尖刻的俏皮话
• acid yellow 刺目的黄色

动词+～

• taste acid 吃起来酸

词语用法

n. (名词)

1. acid用作名词时,基本意思是“酸”,指能被金属置换出氢而成为盐的物质,是不可数名词。acid还可表示“酸性物质”,作此解时,是可数名词。
2. 现在在美国俚语中,常表示致幻毒品麦角酸二乙基酰胺(LSD)。

adj. (形容词)

1. acid用作形容词的基本意思是味道不甜,带酸味的,酸涩的。常修饰醋、柠檬或未熟的水果,含有虽酸得厉害,但还可口的意味。
2. acid用于比喻可表示“讽刺的”“刻薄的”。
3. acid用于化学、地质、冶金术语作“酸性的”解时不用于比较等级。

词义辨析

adj. (形容词)

acid, sour

• 这两个词的区别是:acid用于那些在自然或正常状态下有酸味的东西; sour则含有变质难闻的意味。

词源解说

• ☆ 1620年左右进入英语，直接源自法语的acide；最初源自拉丁语的acidus，意为酸，馊。

近反义词

【近义词】

• biting
• harsh
• sharp
• bitter
• vinegarish
• caustic
• cutting
• ironic
• nasty
• sharp
• sour
• stinging
• sarcastic

【反义词】

• bland
• compassionate
• gentle
• kind
• mild
• pleasant
• pleasant-tasting
• sweet
• warm-hearted

派生词

adj.(形容词)

• acidity n. 尖刻; 刻薄