absorb

英 [əb'sɔːb] 美 [əb'sɔːrb]

• vt. 吸收；吸引 ... 的注意；吞并；承受

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. 吸收

   take in a liquid, gas or other substance from the surface or space around

2. vt. 使并入; 吞并

   make sth smaller become part of sth larger

3. vt. 理解; 掌握

   take sth into the mind and learn or understand it

4. vt. 吸引全部注意力; 使全神贯注

   interest sb very much so that they pay no attention to anything else; completely fill the attention of

5. vt. 减轻…的作用

   reduce the effect of a blow, hit, etc.; reduce the harmful effects of a physical force

6. vt. 耗费,耗去

   use up a large supply of sth, especially money or time

7. vt. 承受; 承担,对付

   deal with changes, effects, costs, etc.

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 吸收，汲取
2. 使全神贯注，吸引全部注意力
3. 承受，经受，承担，忍受
4. 吸引
5. 理解，掌握
6. 合并，并吞
7. 承担（费用）
8. 占用（时间）
9. 使并入，把…并入
10. 耗去，耗费
11. 同化
12. 接受
13. 减轻作用
14. 收买，买进，收购进
15. 吞没，吞噬

英英释义

Verb:

1. become imbued;

   "The liquids, light, and gases absorb"
   

2. take up mentally;

   "he absorbed the knowledge or beliefs of his tribe"
   

3. take up, as of debts or payments;

   "absorb the costs for something"
   

4. take in, also metaphorically;

   "The sponge absorbs water well"
   "She drew strength from the minister's words"
   

5. cause to become one with;

   "The sales tax is absorbed into the state income tax"
   

6. suck or take up or in;

   "A black star absorbs all matter"
   

7. devote (oneself) fully to;

   "He immersed himself into his studies"
   

8. assimilate or take in;

   "The immigrants were quickly absorbed into society"
   

9. consume all of one's attention or time;

   "Her interest in butterflies absorbs her completely"
   

例句

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. Dry sand absorbs water.
   干沙吸收水份。
2. Did you absorb everything the professor said?
   教授说的你全部理解了吗?
3. His business absorbs him.
   他的业务使他全神贯注。
4. Large nations shouldn't absorb smaller ones.
   大国不应当吞并小国。
5. She won't be able to absorb another heavy blow.
   她无力承受再一次沉重的打击。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. Paper absorbs moisture.
   纸吸潮气。
2. A sponge absorbs water easily.
   海绵易于吸水。
3. Dry earth absorbs water quickly.
   干土吸水很快。
4. The towel absorbed water from the sink.
   毛巾吸收了洗脸池里的水。
5. Towels absorb moisture.
   毛巾吸收水汽。
6. This kind of material absorbs water easily.
   这种物质容易吸水。
7. Frogs absorb water through their skins.
   青蛙借皮肤吸收水分。
8. Salt absorbs moisture from the air.
   盐会从空气中吸收水分。
9. The timber expands as it absorbs moisture from the atmosphere.
   木材吸收大气中的潮气后会膨胀。
10. He used thick paper to absorb the ink.
    他用厚纸把墨水吸干。
11. This blotting paper absorbs ink well.
    这吸墨纸的吸墨力很强。
12. Paper that absorbs ink is called blotting paper.
    吸收墨水的纸称为吸墨纸。
13. I used a piece of blotting paper to absorb the spilt ink.
    我用吸墨纸吸去溅出的墨水。
14. Plants absorb carbon dioxide.
    植物吸收二氧化碳。
15. Plants absorb energy from the sun.
    植物吸收太阳的能量。
16. Rugs absorb sounds and make a house quieter.
    地毯消减噪音,可使屋子更安静些。
17. Black cloth absorbs light.
    黑色布料吸收光线。
18. The walls of the house absorb heat during the day.
    房屋的墙白天吸热。
19. Most solar heating systems use large aluminum or alloy sheets, painted black to absorb the sun's heat.
    大多数太阳能热水器使用大片的涂成黑色的铝板或合金板来吸收太阳的热量。
20. The rocks absorb more energy than they reflect.
    岩石吸收的能量比反射的多。
21. The planes are fitted with a device that absorbs enemy radar signals.
    飞机上安装了一个吸收敌方雷达信号的装置。
22. The body quickly absorbs aspirin.
    阿司匹林能很快被人体吸收。
23. The larger firm absorbed the smaller one.
    那家大公司兼并了这家小公司。
24. The big enterprise absorbs the medium-sized and the small ones, that's the absolute law of capitalist competition.
    大企业吞并中小企业是资本主义竞争的绝对规律。
25. The company has gradually absorbed its smaller rivals.
    该公司逐步地吞并了一些比它小的竞争对手。
26. We must absorb as much information as possible.
    我们必须尽可能地吸收大量信息。
27. I had just about time to absorb this information.
    我还有一点时间,来得及了解一下这条信息。
28. I read and re-read the letter, trying to absorb its contents.
    这封信我读了又读,想尽量理解它的内容。
29. He had absorbed the point of view of his colleagues.
    他接受了同事们的观点。
30. Over the centuries, they gradually absorbed Islamic ideas about design and architecture.
    几个世纪以来,他们渐渐汲取了伊斯兰教在设计和建筑方面的理念。
31. She absorbs new ideas very quickly.
    她能很快地吸收新思想。
32. They absorbed a great deal of the Roman culture.
    他们大量地吸收了罗马文化。
33. Did you absorb everything the teacher said?
    老师讲的东西你全都懂吗？
34. Have you absorbed all the details of the plan?
    你对计划的所有细节都已完全了解了吗？
35. She absorbed everything in the book.
    她把书里的知识都掌握了。
36. The clever boy absorbed all the knowledge that his teachers could give him.
    那聪明的男孩把他的老师所能教他的知识全部掌握了。
37. We had to absorb a lot of new information very quickly.
    我们不得不迅速掌握大量新信息。
38. So many new ideas! It's all rather too much for me to absorb all at once.
    这么多的新主意!多得我一下子理解不了。
39. My business absorbs me.
    我专心致志地处理业务。
40. History is a subject that absorbs him.
    历史是可以让他全神贯注的科目。
41. This work had absorbed him for several years.
    这项工作曾使他沉迷了好几年。
42. The acrobatic tricks absorbed the children.
    杂技表演使孩子们神往。
43. International affairs absorb his attention.
    他专心研究国际问题。
44. The study of the English language absorbs all his attention.
    他全神贯注地学习英语。
45. An airplane overhead completely absorbed the boy's attention.
    这男孩的注意力完全被头顶上方的那架飞机吸引住了。
46. The lecture completely absorbed the attention of the audience.
    演讲把听众的注意力完全吸引住了。
47. The task absorbed all his energies.
    他把全部精力投入到这件工作上。
48. This tennis racket absorbs shock on impact.
    这个网球拍能减轻撞击所产生的剧烈震动。
49. Jump with your knees bent, so they absorb less impact.
    双膝弯曲着跳,这样会缓解冲击力。
50. The barrier absorbed the main impact on the crash.
    障碍物消减了主要的撞击力。
51. Buffers absorbed most of the shock.
    缓冲器大大减少了冲击时的震动。
52. Car bumpers are designed to absorb some of the impact.
    汽车保险杠是为碰撞时起缓冲作用而设计的。
53. Agricultural subsidies absorb about half the EU's income.
    农业补贴占去了欧盟收入的大约一半。
54. Defense spending absorbs almost 20% of the country's money.
    国防开支几乎耗费这个国家财政的20%。
55. Salaries and so on will probably absorb all the profits.
    工资等将有可能消耗全部利润。
56. The new proposals would absorb 80 billion of the federal budgets.
    这些新提案将耗费800亿元联邦政府预算。
57. The task absorbed his time.
    那任务占用了他的时间。
58. This job absorbs all of my time and energy.
    这项工作耗去我的全部时间和精力。
59. Her work absorbed all her energies.
    她的工作耗去了她所有的精力。
60. Running the supermarket absorbs all his energies.
    经营这家自选商场占去了他的全部精力。
61. The role of administrator absorbed much of Ben's energy.
    行政职务耗掉本很多精力。
62. The company is unable to absorb such huge losses.
    公司无力承受如此巨大的损失。
63. We will not absorb these charges.
    我们不能承担这些费用。
64. Oil companies say they will absorb these price rises, and not pass them on customers.
    石油公司说他们会承担价格的上涨,不会把费用转移到顾客身上。
65. The country simply cannot absorb this influx of refugees.
    这个国家实在不能接纳这么多涌入的难民。
66. The market could not absorb the increased sugar production.
    市场消化不了业已增长的糖产量。
67. The societies of the Highlands were able to absorb these changes.
    苏格兰高地各社区能够承受这些变化。
1
68. The heat is absorbed by the water.
    热量被水吸收了。
69. I was completely absorbed by your letter.
    我被你的信完全吸引住了。
70. He is utterly absorbed by the film's show unfolding.
    影片的情节慢慢展开，他完全被迷住了。
71. Be quiet, children. I am absorbed by the mathematical problem.
    安静些，孩子们，我正专心做数学题呢。
72. Most of the refugees were absorbed by the growing service sector.
    大部分难民被不断发展的服务部门吸纳了。
73. The surrounding villages have been absorbed by the growing city.
    周围的村庄并入了日益扩展的城市。
74. Small businesses are absorbed by large ones.
    小公司已被大公司所吞并。
75. The effects of the job losses have been partially absorbed by the increase in training schemes.
    失业的影响已部分被培训计划的增加抵消了。

经典引文

• The conquered Chinese..have already begun to absorb their conquerors.

  出自： E. O

• The realistic novel reached out to absorb every new quality and locus of experience.

  出自： G. Steiner

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

be absorbed in〔with〕

全神贯注于,专心致志于give all one's attention to sth or doing sth
be absorbed in sb/oneself
I had never met anyone so absorbed in himself as he seemed.

我从来没有见过像他那样专心致志的人。 be absorbed in〔with〕 sth/v-ing
I was absorbed in a book and didn't hear you call.

我(当时)正专心读一本书,没有听见你叫我。
Kevin is absorbed in the cartoon.

凯文全神贯注于卡通片。
They are absorbed in the experiment.

他们专心于实验。
He was absorbed in his study〔work〕.

他全神贯注地读书〔工作〕。
Mary was absorbed in thought.

玛丽在沉思。
She was absorbed in her thoughts.

她全神贯注于自己的思绪中。
All of us were deeply absorbed in happy reminiscences.

我们都深深地沉浸在幸福的回忆中。
For Marx, work had become a passion, and he was so absorbed in it that he often forgot his meals.

对马克思来说,工作已经成了一种爱好。他往往埋头工作,把吃饭都忘了。
He seemed to be more absorbed in his pipe than in what you were saying.

他好像在聚精会神地吸烟,而没有注意听你讲的话。
His whole soul is absorbed in saving his country.

他一心扑到拯救祖国的事业上。
He had been so absorbed in watching the car passing by that he didn't notice his friends coming.

他是如此专心地注视着那辆车从他身边开过,以至于他的朋友来了都没有看到。
She was absorbed with the mathematical problem.

她专心致志地演算数学题。
Everyone was absorbed with the beautiful scenery.

人人都为这美丽的景色所陶醉。
He had been so absorbed with watching the building that he hadn't heard footsteps on the gravel path.

他留神观察那栋建筑，竟没有听见砾石路上的脚步声。

absorb into (v.+prep.)

把…并入mix or merge sth into
absorb sth into sth
Animals absorb foods into their bodies.

动物把食物吸收到体内。
The cream is easily absorbed into the skin.

这种乳霜皮肤易吸收。
The drug is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream.

药物被迅速吸收到血液中。
Certain chemicals are easily absorbed into the bloodstream, while others are not.

某些化学药品很容易溶于血液,有些则不行。 absorb sb/sth into sb/sth
That country had absorbed some small states into her empire.

那个国家曾将几个小国合并到她的帝国中去。
People of many different nationalities have, over the years, been absorbed into the population of the city.

这些年来,各民族的人逐渐与这座城市的居民相融合。
Rebel militias were simply absorbed into the national army.

叛军径直被收编入了国民军。
Most little shops have been absorbed into big businesses.

绝大多数小店铺都并入了大商行。
The small firms were absorbed into large cartels.

这些小商行已被合并为大的卡特尔。
The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city.

四周的小城镇已并入这座城市。
Our countryside is increasingly being absorbed into the large cities.

我们的农村正在不断地被大城市所吞并。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• absorb ammonia in water 用水吸收氨
• absorb another country 吞并另一个国家
• absorb a small company 合并一个小公司
• absorb a small state 吞并一个小国家
• absorb as much information as possible 尽可能多地吸收信息
• absorb attention 吸引注意力
• absorb carbon dioxide 吸收二氧化碳
• absorb energy 吸收能量
• absorb essence and discard dross 吸取精华,剔除糟粕
• absorb essence and reject dross 吸取精华,剔除糟粕
• absorb experience 吸取经验
• absorb foods 吸收食物
• absorb gas 吸气
• absorb heat 吸热
• absorb ink 吸墨水
• absorb interest 吸引兴趣
• absorb knowledge 掌握知识
• absorb light 吸收光
• absorb loss 承担亏损
• absorb millions of immigrants 吸收并同化数以百万计的移民
• absorb moisture 吸收潮气
• absorb new subscribers 吸收新订户
• absorb noise 吸收噪音
• absorb nutrition 吸收营养
• absorb sb's attention 吸引某人的注意力
• absorb shares 吸收股份
• absorb shock 减震
• absorb sound 吸收声音
• absorb sunlight 吸收阳光
• absorb the rain 吸收雨水
• absorb water 吸水
• absorb what is useful 吸收有用的东西
• absorb what is worthwhile 吸收有价值的东西
• absorb workload 承担工作量

～+副词

• absorb completely 完全吸收
• absorb immediately 立即吸收
• absorb incessantly 持续不断地吸收
• absorb intelligently 明智地吸收
• absorb partially 部分吸收
• absorb passively 消极地吸收
• absorb properly 适当地吸收
• absorb quickly 迅速吸收
• absorb rapidly 迅速吸收
• absorb shortly 立即吸收
• absorb slowly 慢慢地吸收
• absorb totally 全部吸收
• absorb utterly 完全吸收
• absorb wholly 完全吸收

～+介词

• absorb from 从…吸收
• absorb into 把…吞〔并〕入…
• absorb sth from 从…吸收
• be absorbed by 全神贯注在…上,专心于
• be absorbed by the problem 全神贯注于这个问题上
• be absorbed in 全神贯注在…上,专心于
• be absorbed in study 埋头学习
• be absorbed in the work 埋头工作
• be absorbed in the experiment 专心于实验
• be absorbed in thoughts 陷于沉思
• be absorbed in (reading) a book 专心读书
• be absorbed with 全神贯注在…上,专心于
• be absorbed with the problem 全神贯注于这个问题上

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. absorb的基本意思是“吸收”,可指吸收液体、气体、光、热、能等,也指吸收抽象的知识、文化、经验、教训、思想、方法等,含有“以此丰富了吸收者”之意,并暗示“吸收”的渐进性和彻底性。absorb作“吞并; 并入”解时指把一个较小的国家、团体或组织变成一个较大的国家、团体或组织的一部分,被吞并者失去了自己原有的个性或特征。
2. absorb作“吸收”解时主语可以是人,也可以是物,宾语则是无生命的事或物;作“吞并”解时主语和宾语都是国家、团体或组织;作“使全神贯注”解时主语是人、事或物,宾语是人或人的精力、兴趣等;作“减轻…的作用”解时主要用于打击、碰撞等;作“耗费,耗去”解时主要用于大量的金钱、时间等;作“承受; 承担,对付 ”解时主要用于变化、结果、费用等。
3. absorb作“吸收”“吞并”“使全神贯注”解时常用于被动结构。be absorbed作“聚精会神地干某事”解时应接“in+动名词”,不能接动词不定式。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

absorb, assimilate, digest

• 这三个词意义相近,都可指“吸收”,也都强调“吸收的彻底性”。其区别是：
• 1.食物首先是digest(消化),然后在血液里absorb(吸收),最后在血液所流过的每一个细胞里一点点地assimilate(转化)为吸收体的物质。
• 2.在语气上, assimilate＞digest＞absorb。

absorb, suck

• 这组词都有“吸收”的意思。其区别是：
• 1.absorb主要是“吸收”水、光或热等; suck则是“吸”或“饮”汁、水或饮料,还可表示“吸”烟。
• 2.suck还可表示被卷入某项事物之中; absorb无此义。

absorb，suck，digest，incorporate

• 这些动词均有“吸收”之意。
• absorb普通用词，词义广泛，既可指吸收光、热、液体等具体东西，又可指吸收知识等抽象概念的东西。
• suck作“吸收”解时，可与absorb换用，但还可有“吮吸”之意。
• digest侧重在消化道内改变食物的化学结构后被人体吸收。
• incorporate指一物或多物与它物相融合，形成一整体。

词源解说

• ☆ 15世纪进入英语，直接源自法语的absorber；最初源自拉丁语的sbsorbere，意为吞掉，吸光。

近反义词

【近义词】

• soak up
• suck up
• assimilate
• digest
• take in completely
• arrest
• engage
• engross
• enwrap
• fascinate
• fix
• immerse
• occupy
• preoccupy
• eat up
• take up
• deaden

【反义词】

• cast off
• cast out
• disperse
• exude
• disperse
• give out
• impart
• distract

派生词

v.(动词)

• absorbent adj. & n. 有吸收能力的(东西); 吸收剂‖absorbing adj. 非常吸引人的,引人入胜的