skim

英 [skɪm] 美 [skɪm]

• vt. 撇去；略读；掠过；滑过
• vi. 掠过；表面凝结；<俚>瞒报
• n. 浮沫；略读；脱脂物

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. 撇去

   remove floating matter from the surface of a liquid

2. vt. & vi. 掠过; 轻轻擦过

   move lightly over a surface, not touching, or only lightly or occasionally touching it

3. vt. & vi. 略读; 跳读

   read quickly, nothing only the chief points

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 脱脂乳，脱脂牛奶，脱脂物
2. 撇（去），（被）撇去的东西，撇去浮沫
3. 表面层，薄层，薄膜，一层浮沫
4. 掠过，擦过
5. 瞒报所得的收入，隐匿的部分收入
6. 略读

adj. 形容词

1. 撇去奶油的，用脱脂乳做的
2. 掠过
3. 涂薄膜、外层、塑料膜的
4. 被撇去的
5. 撇取浮沫了的

v. 动词

1. 浏览，略读，快读
2. 提取，从...中取到精华，攫取（最好的部份），捞取（精华部份）
3. （使）掠过，（使）擦过，（使）滑过
4. 表面凝结起来，结上薄的覆盖层，在...表面凝结，覆盖了一层浮沫
5. 瞒报
6. 撇取乳皮
7. 撇去（浮沫），撇去...表面的浮物，去除
8. 【机】撇渣
9. 涂上最后一层
10. 侵吞钱财

英英释义

Noun:

1. a thin layer covering the surface of a liquid;

   "there was a thin skim of oil on the water"
   

2. reading or glancing through quickly

Adjective:

1. used of milk and milk products from which the cream has been removed;

   "yogurt made with skim milk"
   "she can drink skimmed milk but should avoid butter"
   

Verb:

1. travel on the surface of water

2. move or pass swiftly and lightly over the surface of

3. examine hastily;

   "She scanned the newspaper headlines while waiting for the taxi"
   

4. cause to skip over a surface;

   "Skip a stone across the pond"
   

5. coat (a liquid) with a layer

6. remove from the surface;

   "skim cream from the surface of milk"
   

7. read superficially

例句

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. It took me an hour to skim the book.
   我花了一小时把这本书浏览了一遍。
2. A seagull skims the water.
   海鸥掠过水面。

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

1. The hovercraft is able to skim over the water.
   气垫船能掠过水面飞速行驶。
2. During the cold night, the puddles skimmed over.
   夜间寒冷，水洼面上结了冰。

用作名词 (n.)

1. I notice you have two quarts of skim milk.
   我看到你拿了两夸托脱脂牛奶。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. She skimmed the milk of its cream.
   她撇去牛奶上的奶油。
2. The swallows skimmed the water.
   燕子掠过水面。
3. The dragonflies skimmed the treetops.
   蜻蜓掠过树梢。
4. The low-flying plane seemed to skim the rooftops.
   低飞的飞机就好像从房顶掠过一样。
5. Don't read the report word for word now, just skim it.
   现在不要逐字读报告,大致地看一下就可以了。

经典引文

• The clear water, having been first carefully skimmed.

  出自： G. Berkeley

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

skim across (v.+prep.)

掠〔滑〕过 move across a surface or some place quickly
skim across sth
The skier skimmed across the snow.

滑雪者飞快地滑过雪地。 skim sth across sth
Facer was skimming flat stones across the surface of the lake.

费塞正用扁石子在湖面上打水漂。

skim away (v.+adv.)

掠过; 轻轻滑开 move away slightly
skim sth ⇔ away
Strain the sauce and skim away any fat that rises to the surface.

把酱汁滤一下,然后撇去飘浮在面上的油脂。 skim away
She is skimming away.

她轻盈地滑开去了。

skim off (v.+adv.)

〈非正〉提取精华 take the best, the most able part of a groupHe tried to skim off the best players from the local school teams.他试图从当地学校的球队中选拔出一批最好的球员。

skim over (v.+prep.)

〈非正〉略读; 速读 read quickly to get the main ideas
skim over sth
The little bird skimmed over the waves looking for food.

那只小鸟掠过波浪寻找食物。
Look at the way those insects skim over the water.

看看这些昆虫掠过水面的方式。
The motor-boat skimmed over the water.

汽艇飞掠过水面。 skim sth over sth
He skimmed little stones over a lake.

他抛掷小石片,使之掠过湖面。 skim over sth
Haas skimmed over the list, looking for his name.

哈斯粗略地看了一下名单,寻找自己的名字。
I've skimmed over the report but I haven't had time to look at it in detail.

我已浏览了这份报告,但还没时间细读。

skim through (v.+prep.)

〈非正〉略读; 速读 read quickly to get the main ideas
skim through sth
You can skim through the catalogue first.

你可以先略读一下目录。
It took me an hour to skim through that thick book.

我花了一小时才把那本厚厚的书大致浏览了一下。
It's important for you to skim through the text.

浏览课文对你来说很重要。
If you skim through the play too quickly, you'll forget the plot.

如果你剧本读得太快,就会忘记剧中的主要情节。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• skim a book 略读一本书
• skim the milk of its cream 撇去牛奶上的奶油
• skim a newspaper 略读报纸

～+副词

• skim carelessly 粗心地快读
• skim critically 挑剔地跳读
• skim hastily 草率地跳读
• skim rapidly 速读
• skim away 把…撇去,掠过,轻轻滑开
• skim off 把…撇去,提取精华

～+介词

• skim across 掠〔滑〕过
• skim the cream from the milk 从牛奶上撇去奶油
• skim over 掠〔滑〕过,略读
• skim over a newspaper 浏览报纸
• skim over the water 掠过水面
• skim over the waves 从浪尖上掠过
• skim little stones over a lake 抛小石子使之掠过水面
• skim through 浏览
• skim through an article 浏览一篇文章

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. skim的基本意思是“撇去”某物体上漂浮着的东西(通常指奶油),还可指某物“轻轻掠过”另一物的表面或顶端,引申可表示“略读”“跳读”。
2. skim既可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词或代词作宾语; 用作不及物动词时,常与over, through等连用。
3. skim的过去式和过去分词均为skimmed。

词义辨析

read，devour，scan，skim

• 这些动词均有“读、阅读”之意。
• read最普通用词，含义广泛。既指朗读又可指默读。
• devour指贪婪地读，暗含对某些作者或作品迷恋之义。
• scan指快速扫视文章等以抓其要旨或找寻某一具体信息。
• skim指略读或浏览。

词源解说

• ☆ 15世纪初期进入英语，直接源自古法语的escumer，意为除去泡沫状物。

近反义词

【近义词】

• float
• glide
• skip

【反义词】

• examine carefully