serve

英 [sɜːv] 美 [sɜːrv]

• v. 服务；侍候；担任；可作 ... 用；度过；对待
• n. 发球

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. (为…)服务,任(职)

   do work (for); give service (to)

2. vt. 向…供应

   provide with sth necessary or useful

3. vt. & vi. 提供,端上

   offer (food, drinks, a meal, etc.) for eating and drinking

4. vt. 度过(某段时间)

   pass and complete (a period of time)

5. vt. & vi. 符合,适用

   be good enough for or suitable for (a purpose)

6. vt. & vi. 发(球),开(球)

   begin play by hitting (the ball) to the opponent

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 服务，招待，接待，为...服务
2. 供应，提供
3. 侍候，服侍，侍应
4. 对待
5. 适合，适用，适宜
6. 【律】送达
7. 帮佣
8. 足够，作为足够
9. 发球
10. 服役，供职，为...服役，任（职）
11. 为...尽力
12. 有用，合用，可作...用，对...有用，供...使用，能满足…的需要
13. 端菜，斟酒，上酒，端上
14. 服（刑）
15. （食物的量）够...吃

n. 名词

1. （网球等运动项目）发球（权）
2. 【网球】开球
3. 服务
4. 干活

英英释义

Noun:

1. (sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play;

   "his powerful serves won the game"
   

Verb:

1. serve a purpose, role, or function;

   "The tree stump serves as a table"
   "The female students served as a control group"
   "This table would serve very well"
   "His freedom served him well"
   "The table functions as a desk"
   

2. do duty or hold offices; serve in a specific function;

   "He served as head of the department for three years"
   "She served in Congress for two terms"
   

3. contribute or conduce to;

   "The scandal served to increase his popularity"
   

4. be used by; as of a utility;

   "The sewage plant served the neighboring communities"
   "The garage served to shelter his horses"
   

5. help to some food; help with food or drink;

   "I served him three times, and after that he helped himself"
   

6. provide (usually but not necessarily food);

   "We serve meals for the homeless"
   "She dished out the soup at 8 P.M."
   "The entertainers served up a lively show"
   

7. devote (part of) one's life or efforts to, as of countries, institutions, or ideas;

   "She served the art of music"
   "He served the church"
   "serve the country"
   

8. promote, benefit, or be useful or beneficial to;

   "Art serves commerce"
   "Their interests are served"
   "The lake serves recreation"
   "The President's wisdom has served the country well"
   

9. spend time in prison or in a labor camp;

   "He did six years for embezzlement"
   

10. work for or be a servant to;

    "May I serve you?"
    "She attends the old lady in the wheelchair"
    "Can you wait on our table, please?"
    "Is a salesperson assisting you?"
    "The minister served the King for many years"
    

11. deliver a warrant or summons to someone;

    "He was processed by the sheriff"
    

12. be sufficient; be adequate, either in quality or quantity;

    "A few words would answer"
    "This car suits my purpose well"
    "Will $100 do?"
    "A 'B' grade doesn't suffice to get me into medical school"
    "Nothing else will serve"
    

13. do military service;

    "She served in Vietnam"
    "My sons never served, because they are short-sighted"
    

14. mate with;

    "male animals serve the females for breeding purposes"
    

15. put the ball into play;

    "It was Agassi's turn to serve"
    

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. We must serve the people heart and soul.
   我们必须全心全意地为人民服务。
2. The waiter is serving another customer.
   侍应正侍候另一位客人。
3. He served as a naval officer during the war.
   战时他在海军当军官。
4. The large box in his room can serve as a desk too.
   他房间里的那只大箱子也可以当桌子用。
5. He served four terms in Congress.
   他在国会任职四届。
6. They have served me shamefully.
   他们一直待我很坏。

用作名词 (n.)

1. Whose serve is it now?
   该谁发球了？

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. The manager of the restaurant has trained the waitress to serve correctly at table.
   饭馆的经理训练过那位女服务员如何正确地招待顾客。
2. Let's start the meal. Who is going to serve?
   我们开饭吧。谁来上菜呢?
3. The ship will sail when wind and tide serve.
   船将在风向和潮水有利时启航。
4. It isn't very good but it will serve.
   这不太好,但可以凑合用了。
5. He cited many examples, but only two of them served.
   他引用了许多例证,但只有两条用得上。
6. The hat is too small to serve.
   这个帽子太小了,不适用。
7. I haven't got a hammer, but this stone should serve.
   我没有铁锤,但这块石头应该管用。
8. It's your turn to serve.
   轮到你发球了。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. We must try to serve others.
   我们应尽力为他人服务。
2. The shop assistant is serving a customer.
   店员正在接待一位顾客。
3. The seven members of the medical staff serve 500 families.
   七名医务人员负责500户人家的医疗工作。
4. You should serve your country.
   你应当为国效劳。
5. No one can serve two masters.
   无人能侍奉两个主人。
6. He has served the farm faithfully for 20 years.
   他为这个农场忠心耿耿地操劳了20年。
7. The restaurant serves nice food.
   这家饭馆供应的饭菜不错。
8. The house will serve his needs admirably.
   这房子将十分符合他的需要。
9. I think that book will serve my turn.
   我想那本书会适合我的需要。
10. The bolt is worn and not an exact fit but it will serve its turn until I can buy a new one.
    这个螺栓已经坏了,不能拧紧了,但在我还未买来新的之前暂时再用一下。
11. The canals serve both transportation and irrigation.
    这些水渠既可用于运输,也可用于灌溉。
12. Make the past serve the present and foreign things serve China.
    古为今用,洋为中用。
13. Here's ten pounds. I think that will serve your purpose.
    这是10英镑,我想够你用了。
14. It's not exactly what I wanted but it will serve my purpose.
    这个跟我所要的不一样,但也算可以。
15. Tom has served his time.
    汤姆见习期已满了。
16. She served two years in prison for theft.
    她因偷窃服了两年刑。
17. My father served his time in the navy before opening a shop in the street.
    我父亲在大街上开这家商店前曾在海军服过役。
18. She's already served two aces this game.
    她在这一局中已两次发球得分。
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19. This area is served by buses of our company.
    我们公司的公共汽车为这一地区服务。
20. They were well served at a friend's house.
    他们在朋友家里受到很好的招待。
21. Come over and help me with cooking, or are you waiting to be served?
    过来帮忙做饭吧,难道你等着人来侍候你吗?
22. Breakfast will be served before long.
    早餐不久就供应。
23. The outlying islands are served by a ferry which calls twice a week.
    那些外围岛屿由每周停靠两次的一艘渡船提供供应品。

S+～+to- v

1. His words served to make the situation better.
   他的话会使局势变得更好。
2. This bad roof doesn't even serve to keep the rain out.
   这个坏屋顶连防雨都不行。
3. This polythene sheet should serve to keep out the rain for a while.
   这种聚乙烯塑料应该可以挡一会儿雨。
4. But this difficult position served to educate us and we learnt many things.
   但这种困难局面起了教育我们的作用,我们学会了很多东西。
5. The arrest of the six leaders only served to strengthen the national liberation movement.
   逮捕这六名领导人只起了加强民族解放运动的作用。
6. Their persecution only serves to arouse the opposition of the people.
   他们的迫害只激起人民对他们的反抗。
7. This only serves to expose more clearly their true colours.
   这只不过使他们的真面目暴露得更清楚。
8. A single example will serve to illustrate the point.
   只举一个例子就可以把问题说清楚了。
9. This accident serves to show the importance of taking preventive measures.
   这次事故说明了采取预防措施的重要性。

用作双宾动词

S+～+ pron./n. + n./pron.

1. Could you serve us tea and coffee?
   你能供给我们茶和咖啡吗?
2. She serves the guests coffee.
   她用咖啡招待客人。
3. He served them the soup.
   他为他们上汤。
4. Don't serve him a trick.
   不要捉弄他。
5. He served me a bad turn.
   他使我吃了苦头。

S+～+ n./pron. +to pron./n.

1. She served beer and wine to them.
   她给他们端上了啤酒和葡萄酒。
2. She served a good dinner to us.
   她给我们准备了美餐。
3. This restaurant serves nice food to customers.
   这个餐馆给顾客供应美味饭菜。
4. They had to serve dinner to 25 people at a time.
   他们一次得给25人供饭。

用作宾补动词

S+～+ n./pron. + adj.

1. Make sure you serve the coffee hot.
   务必做到端上的咖啡是热的。
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2. It can be served either cold or hot.
   这道菜既可吃热的,也可吃凉的。

经典引文

• It was a nice serve, flat and low.

  出自： Martin Walker

• He had been carried off..to serve as a slave.

  出自： S. T. Warner

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

serve as (v.+prep.)

充当,担任 perform; act as
serve as sb/sth
The dictionary may serve as a pillow.

这本词典可以当枕头用。
A large wooden box served as our table.

一只大木箱成了我们的桌子。
This serves as witness to the militant friendship between the two peoples.

这是我们两国人民战斗友谊的见证。
Trade should not serve as a means of economic plunder.

贸易不应当成为经济掠夺的手段。
This fact will serve as an illustration to show the importance of technical innovation.

这一事实可以被用来说明技术革新的重要性。

serve for (v.+prep.)

代替 stand for; take the place of
serve for sth
The box will serve for a seat.

这个箱子可以当作一个座位用。 serve for v-ing
Many of these underground shelters are now serving for growing mushroom.

许多这类地下防空洞现在成了种植蘑菇的地方。
The disguise may serve for deceiving the enemy.

这种伪装可用于欺骗敌人。

serve in (v.+prep.)

在…任职 take a post in
serve in sth
My uncle served in the 6th Army during World War II.

第二次世界大战期间,我叔叔在第六军团服役。
It will indeed be an honour to serve in your government.

在你的政府任职确实十分荣幸。
Dr. Norman Bethune served in China during the War of Resistance Against Japan.

在抗日战争期间诺尔曼·白求恩大夫在中国服务。

serve on (v.+prep.)

在…任职 be a member of
serve on sb/sth
I've been asked to serve on yet another committee, and I really don't have the time.

我被邀请担任另一个委员会的委员,可是我确实没有时间。
I once served on a jury, so I know how the law works.

我曾当过一次陪审团的成员,我知道法律是怎么回事。

serve out (v.+adv.)

做到期满 serve to the end
serve sth ⇔ out
You can help to serve out the vegetables, while I cut the meat.

我切肉时你帮着分发一下蔬菜。
He has been ordered to serve out rations to soldiers.

他被命令给士兵分发口粮。 serve sb out
We will serve them out for the trick that they played on us.

他们捉弄了我们,我们一定要报这个仇。
He has injured me times without number, and now I am going to serve him out.

他已伤害过我无数次,现在我要回敬给他。 serve out sth
The president will serve out his full period of office and then leave owing to bad health.

因身体不好,这位校长任期满后会离职。
The thief served out his two years in prison.

那小偷在监狱服完了所判的二年徒刑。

serve up (v.+adv.)

提供,发送 provide, deliverShe served up the usual excuses for being late.她端出了老一套的迟到的借口。

serve with (v.+prep.)

与…在一起服役 perform military duties together with
serve sb with sth
Shall I serve you with vegetables, or would you rather help yourself?

是我给你盛些蔬菜还是你随意取用?
They also served the customers with western food.

他们也给顾客供应西餐。
We are well served with gas in this town.

这个城镇煤气供应很好。
He was served with beer and cakes.

主人用啤酒和糕点款待他。 serve with sb
He served with John during World War II.

他在二战期间与约翰一起服过役。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• serve a ball 发球
• serve a cause 献身于某事业
• serve a gun 炮击
• serve a sentence 服刑
• serve an office 奉职,服务
• serve coffee 招待喝咖啡
• serve dinner 供应饭菜
• serve one right 罪有应得
• serve one's full term in office 任期已满
• serve one's interests 符合某人的利益
• serve one's term 任一期职
• serve purpose 达到目的
• serve sb a good dinner 招待…吃了一顿美餐
• serve soup 上汤
• serve tables 张罗膳食
• serve the army 服兵役
• serve the country 为国效力
• serve the customers 为顾客服务
• serve the devil 行恶,干坏事
• serve time 服刑

～+副词

• serve first 先招待
• serve once 曾经服务
• serve some time 服务过一段时间
• serve well 开球开得好
• serve admirably 极好地招待
• serve apathetically 冷淡地招待
• serve badly 服务不好
• serve cheerfully 愉快地服务
• serve consciously 有意识地服务
• serve conspicuously 服务突出
• serve courteously 谦恭地服务
• serve deftly 熟练地开球
• serve directly 直接地服务
• serve eagerly 热切地服务
• serve elatedly 兴高采烈地服务
• serve elegantly 举止优雅地招待
• serve eminently 出色地招待
• serve enthusiastically 热情服务
• serve especially 特别服务
• serve faithfully 真诚地招待
• serve frankly 真诚地服务
• serve generally 普遍地服务
• serve graciously 有礼貌地招待
• serve grudgingly 勉强地服务
• serve indirectly 间接服务
• serve judiciously 明智地招待
• serve openly 公开服务
• serve passively 被动地服务
• serve reasonably 合理地服务
• serve reluctantly 不情愿地服务
• serve satisfactorily 满意地服务
• serve superficially 表面上服务
• serve tenderly 体贴地招待
• serve unconditionally 无条件地服务
• serve unwillingly 不情愿地招待
• serve usually 经常服务
• serve voluntarily 自愿地服务
• serve whole-heartedly 全心全意地服务
• serve out 分配(粮食等),分发
• serve out food 分发食物

～+介词

• serve as 充当,用作,成为,起…作用
• serve as a hint 起暗示作用
• serve as a judge in a contest 在比赛中当裁判
• serve as a lesson 当作教训
• serve as a model in 作为…的榜样
• serve as a soldier 当兵
• serve as an example 当作范例
• serve at a hospital 在医院工作
• serve at table 做招待
• serve at the front 在前方服役
• serve for a bed 可用作床
• serve for a pillow 可用作枕头
• serve for a seat 用作凳子
• serve for a wing 充作翅膀
• serve for both purposes 两用
• serve for nothing 毫不中用
• serve for the office 当作办公室
• serve in a department store 在百货商店当营业员
• serve in the army 在陆军服役
• serve on 担任…公职
• serve to 发球给…
• serve under 服务于
• serve under the late general 曾在已故将军手下任职
• serve with 以…招待,向…送交
• serve sb with a summons 把传票送交某人
• serve with beer and cakes 以啤酒和蛋糕招待
• serve with the French Air Forces 在法国空军服役
• serve without salaries 义务帮忙

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. serve的基本意思是“服务,服役”,它可指某人为他人服务、干活或为国家尽职等; 也可指某人拿出某物款待某人; 还可指某人、物、事对某人、某事等“有…用处”“满足…的需要”“适合…的目的”等。在网球或排球比赛中还可作“发(球)”解。
2. serve可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词、代词、动词不定式作宾语,还可以接双宾语,其间接宾语可转换为介词to的宾语。serve有时还可接以形容词作补足语的复合宾语。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

serve in, serve on

• 这两个短语都表示“在…任职”。其区别是：
• serve in用于相对较大的范围,而serve on用于相对较小的单位与机构。

serve time, serve one's time

• serve time的意思是“蹲过班房”或“吃了官司”; 而serve one's time则作“满期”或“见习期满”解。试比较:
• The blackguard has served time for three years.
• 那坏蛋已坐了三年牢。
• Tom has served his time.
• 汤姆已经转正了。

serve as, act as

• 这两个短语都可表示“充任,担任”。其区别是：
• serve as多指长期供职; 而act as所指时间则相对较短。试比较:
• He serves as manager and interpreter.
• 他兼任经理和口译。
• She will act as my guide tomorrow.
• 明天她将给我作向导。

下面三句意思相同:

• She served us a good dinner.
• She served a good dinner to us.
• She served us with a good dinner.
• 她给我们准备了美餐。

下面两句意思不同:

• She served in a bar.
• 她在酒吧当招待。
• She served at a bar.
• 她在吧台上当招待。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 我们的责任是为人民服务。

   误 Our duty is to serve for the people.

   正 Our duty is to serve the people.

   析 汉语中的“服务”是不及物动词,而英语中的serve(服务)是及物动词。

词源解说

• ☆ 12世纪后期进入英语，直接源自古法语的servir，意为发球；最初源自拉丁语的servire。

近反义词

【近义词】

• attend
• wait on
• assist
• help