scrub

英 [skrʌb] 美 [skrʌb]

• n. 用力擦洗；矮树；渺小之物
• v. 用力擦洗

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 擦净

   clean by rubbing hard, especially with a stiff brush, soap and water

2. vt. 用刷子刷净

   be cleaned by rubbing with or as with a brush

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 擦洗，刷洗，擦净
2. 不中用的人
3. 矮小的树木，灌木，灌丛（地带）
4. 擦
5. 擦（洗）者
6. 瘦小的家畜
7. 杂种（家畜）
8. 矮小的人
9. <美>二流选手，二流球队，替补队员

v. 动词

1. 擦洗，刷洗，搓洗
2. 擦掉，擦去（污斑）等，刷掉
3. 揉，擦，搓
4. 擦亮，擦净
5. <俚>废除
6. 擦洗手臂
7. 用力摩擦
8. 【化】净化，分离出，提出
9. <口>取消，废弃，中止
10. 去除，消除
11. 把…擦得
12. 对…不予考虑

adj. 形容词

1. 矮小的
2. 低劣的，次等的
3. 不中用的
4. <美>二流运动员组成的，由预备队员组成的，二流球队的
5. 临时凑合的
6. 灌木丛生的

英英释义

Noun:

1. dense vegetation consisting of stunted trees or bushes

2. the act of cleaning a surface by rubbing it with a brush and soap and water

Adjective:

1. (of domestic animals) not selectively bred

Verb:

1. clean with hard rubbing;

   "She scrubbed his back"
   

2. wash thoroughly;

   "surgeons must scrub prior to an operation"
   

3. postpone indefinitely or annul something that was scheduled;

   "Call off the engagement"
   "cancel the dinner party"
   "we had to scrub our vacation plans"
   "scratch that meeting--the chair is ill"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. Give that floor a good hard scrub.
   使劲擦洗一下那地板。
2. The country is covered in scrub.
   这一地区为矮灌木丛覆盖。
3. We found the animal on a scrub hill.
   我们在一个灌木丛生的丘陵上找到这动物。

用作动词 (v.)

1. Although she scrubbed the old pot thoroughly, she could not make it look completely clean.
   虽然她彻底地用力擦洗那只旧壶，但她无法把它完全洗干净。
2. The spilt ink won't scrub out easily.
   泼出的墨水不容易擦洗掉。
3. I'll have to scrub off all the oil muck.
   我得把这些油污都擦洗掉。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. She's scrubbing the floor.
   她正在擦洗地板。
2. John scrubbed the top of the wooden table.
   约翰把桌子面擦净了。
3. He scrubbed many unnecessary words in his manuscript.
   他在他原稿上取消许多多余的词。

用作宾补动词

S+～+ n./pron. + adj.

1. Have you scrubbed the pan clean?
   你把锅擦净了吗?
2. I have to scrub the walls clean on Saturday.
   星期六,我得把墙刷洗干净。

经典引文

• The banksia scrubs in and around the Perth district.

  出自：Emu

• Disappearing in the grass towards a mass of dense scrub.

  出自： R. Campbell

• Rene eyed May's house possessively. 'First thing..this gets a good scrub'.

  出自： K. Tennant

• She sweated a lot and scrubbed her face impatiently with a handkerchief.

  出自： O. Manning

• A fresh, scrubbed and shiny picture of Hawick.

  出自：Listener

• Olga scrubbed the passage with a bar of soap every three weeks.

  出自： N. Lowndes

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

scrub away (v.+adv.)

不停地擦〔刷〕,反复地擦〔刷〕 rub continuously or repeatedly
scrub away
After scrubbing away for half an hour,I still couldn't get the mark off.

我一直擦了半个小时,仍没把这个痕迹擦掉。
He's down on his knees, scrubbing away.

他跪在地板上,不停地擦洗着。 scrub sth ⇔ away
Don't rub too hard with your cleaning brush or you could scrub the paint away!

不要用刷子猛刷,否则你会把油漆刷掉的。

scrub down (v.+adv.)

擦〔刷〕干净 clean sth by rubbing
scrub sth ⇔ down
Would you like me to scrub your back down?

我给你擦擦背好吗?
Scrub the walls down well before painting them.

上油漆前要彻底把墙壁刷干净。

scrub off (v.+adv.)

洗掉 wash off
scrub off
I got paint on my hands and it won't scrub off.

我把油漆弄到了手上,洗也洗不掉。

scrub out (v.+adv.)

擦〔刷〕掉 remove sth by rubbing
scrub sth ⇔ out
Always scrub the tins out before using them again.

重新使用食品罐前,一定要先把它们擦洗干净。
Can you scrub out that dirty mark on the wall?

你能把墙上的那个污点刷掉吗?
Scrub out that last part of the message, the wording is not very polite.

电文最后一部分用词不太礼貌,把它划掉。
The football game had to be scrubbed out because of the snowstorm.

由于暴风雪,足球赛只得被取消了。

scrub round (v.+adv.)

〈非正〉取消,停止 cancel or stop
scrub sth ⇔ round
So few people came that we decided to scrub round the meeting and try again next week.

到会的人太少,我们决定不开会了,下星期再说。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• scrub the floor 擦洗地板
• scrub the pan 把锅擦净
• scrub the top of the wooden table 把桌子面擦净
• scrub the walls 把墙刷洗干净

～+副词

• scrub ceaselessly 不断地剔除
• scrub cleverly 巧妙地取消
• scrub diligently 大量地剔除
• scrub essentially 基本上擦净
• scrub grudgingly 勉强擦净
• scrub industriously 殷勤地剔除
• scrub methodically 有条理地剔除
• scrub ostensibly 表面上地取消
• scrub temporarily 临时取消
• scrub tirelessly 不知疲倦地剔除
• scrub unscrupulously 肆无忌惮地取消
• scrub vigorously 强有力地剔除
• scrub away 不停地擦
• scrub down 刷干净
• scrub off 洗掉
• scrub out 刷掉
• scrub round 取消

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. scrub的基本意思是“擦净”,指用刷子、布、毛巾或水、酒精等擦拭某物体以使之干净。引申可表示“用刷子刷净”“对…不予考虑”“取消”“剔除”等。
2. scrub用作及物动词时,可接名词、代词作宾语,也可接由形容词充当补足语的复合宾语。用作不及物动词时,多与介词或副词连用。
3. scrub和副词away、down、off、out连用时,其宾语可指被擦的物体,也可指擦掉的东西。
4. scrub的过去式和过去分词均为scrubbed。

词义辨析

clean，clear，sweep，dust，mop，wipe，scrub

• 这些动词均有“使干净”之意。
• clean是这些动词中最常用的词，指将某物或某处的污物等清除掉，弄干净。
• clear指清除不要的东西。
• sweep指用扫帚等进行清扫，也用作比喻。
• dust指将积落在物体表面的尘土抹去、掸掉或擦去以保干净。
• mop侧重指用拖把擦洗地板，有时也指擦干净或擦去。
• wipe多指用布、纸等物把东西擦净，也指擦掉某物。
• scrub指用硬刷、肥皂或水用力地擦洗某物。

近反义词

【近义词】

• scour 擦洗
• clean 干净的
• rub 擦
• polish 光泽
• bush 灌木丛
• undergrowth 矮树丛
• cancel 取消
• brush 刷子
• scratch 抓
• brushwood 树枝
• thicket 繁茂处
• burnish 磨光
• cleanse 使 ... 清洁
• delete 删除
• erase 抹去
• wash 洗
• shine 照耀
• buff 浅黄色
• massage 按摩
• scouring 擦洗
• scrubbing 擦洗
• call off 取消
• chaparral 丛林
• sweep 打扫
• mop 拖把
• clear 清楚的
• dust 灰尘
• wipe 擦