penalty

英 ['penəlti] 美 ['penəlti]

• n. 处罚；惩罚；不利；罚球

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C]惩罚,处罚

   a punishment for breaking a law, rule

2. [C]不利后果,损失

   suffering or loss that is the result of one's unwise action or of sb's condition or situation

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 刑罚
2. 处罚
3. 罚款
4. 惩罚
5. 损失
6. 【体】犯规的处罚
7. 罚球
8. 不利结果
9. 苦难
10. 违约罚金
11. 报应
12. 【牌】罚点
13. 【体】处罚
14. 困难、障碍、不利后果
15. 害处
16. 不利
17. 体育运动判罚
18. 不利后果

英英释义

Noun:

1. the act of punishing

2. a payment required for not fulfilling a contract

3. the disadvantage or painful consequences of an action or condition;

   "neglected his health and paid the penalty"
   

4. (games) a handicap or disadvantage that is imposed on a competitor (or a team) for an infraction of the rules of the game

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. A penalty clause was written into the contract.
   在合同中写入了一项罚款条款。
2. She has paid the penalty for her crimes with five years in prison.
   她因犯罪受到惩罚被判刑五年。
3. One of the penalties of fame is that people point at you on the street.
   当了名人的麻烦之一是在街上被人指指点点。
4. One of the penalties of fame is loss of privacy.
   成名的弊端之一是失去了私人活动自由。
5. He was brought down in the penalty area.
   他在罚球区被对方撞倒。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. If you knocked the ball with your hand in football, you will suffer a penalty.
   如果在踢足球时你用手碰到球,你将受到处罚。
2. One of the penalties of fame is that people point at you in the street.
   当了名人的麻烦之一是人们在街上对你指指点点。

经典引文

• Seven drivers..escaped without financial penalty, when they were convicted..by the town's magistrates.

  出自：Headlight

• An earthquake..saves two innocent young lovers from the death penalty exacted for adultery.

  出自： R. Christiansen

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• give a penalty 处罚
• impose a penalty 予以惩罚
• pay the penalty 受到惩罚

形容词+～

• light penalty 轻罚
• severe penalty 严厉的处罚
• the full penalty 全部代价

名词+～

• death penalty 死刑

～+介词

• penalty for 为…受处罚

词义辨析

punishment，penalty

• 这两个名词均含“惩罚、处罚”之意。
• punishment泛称，诸如法律、父母、老师以及神的施予的种种等。
• penalty专指法律上的或体育运动比赛中的处罚。

词源解说

• ☆ 15世纪中期进入英语，直接源自古法语的penalite；最初源自中世纪拉丁语的poenalitatem，意为处罚。

近反义词

【近义词】

• fine
• punishment

【反义词】

• reward 报答