guard

英 [ɡɑːd] 美 [ɡɑːrd]

• v. 看守；守卫；保卫；提防
• n. 警戒；哨兵；防护装置；警卫；【体】后卫

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 保护

   keep from danger, watchfulness

2. vt. & vi. 控制

   control

n. (名词)

1. [U]警戒,警惕,守卫

   state of watchfulness against attack, danger or surprise

2. [C]警卫人员

   (a) person (especially a soldier or policeman)

3. [U]防御姿势

   position of readiness to defend oneself, e.g. in boxing, fencing, bayonet-drill

4. [C]防护装置

   (part of an) article or apparatus designed to prevent injury or loss

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 看守，监视，守卫，防守，把守
2. 控制
3. 使谨慎
4. 警惕，提防
5. 预防，防止，防范
6. 给...加保护装置
7. 对...进行校正检查
8. 保卫，防卫，防护，守护，保护
9. 监管，管制
10. 看管，管束
11. 小心避免，当心
12. 护送

n. 名词

1. 看守，守卫，看守员，看守者
2. 警戒，防守，保卫
3. 卫兵，哨兵，警卫，警备员
4. 皇家禁卫军
5. 防御姿势
6. 防护装置
7. 护卫队，警卫队
8. 防护物
9. <英>列车长，列车员
10. 防卫者

英英释义

Noun:

1. a person who keeps watch over something or someone

2. the person who plays that position on a football team;

   "the left guard was injured on the play"
   

3. a device designed to prevent injury or accidents

4. a posture of defence in boxing or fencing;

   "keep your guard up"
   

5. the person who plays the position of guard on a basketball team

6. a military unit serving to protect some place or person

7. a precautionary measure warding off impending danger or damage or injury etc.;

   "he put an ice pack on the injury as a precaution"
   "an insurance policy is a good safeguard"
   "we let our guard down"
   

8. the duty of serving as a sentry;

   "he was on guard that night"
   

9. (American football) a position on the line of scrimmage;

   "guards must be good blockers"
   

10. a position on a basketball team

Verb:

1. to keep watch over;

   "there would be men guarding the horses"
   

2. watch over or shield from danger or harm; protect;

   "guard my possessions while I'm away"
   

3. protect against a challenge or attack;

   "Hold that position behind the trees!"
   "Hold the bridge against the enemy's attacks"
   

4. take precautions in order to avoid some unwanted consequence;

   "guard against becoming too friendly with the staff"
   "guard against infection"
   

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. He keeps a dog to guard the house.
   他养一条狗看家。
2. The dog guarded the house against strangers.
   狗守卫着房屋，不让陌生人进去。
3. Ten soldiers were detailed to guard the bridge.
   十名战士被派去保卫那座桥梁。
4. You must guard against catching a cold.
   你必须小心以防感冒。

用作名词 (n.)

1. Be on guard when somebody flatters you.
   有人奉承你时，一定要当心。
2. He hit him when his guard was down.
   他乘其不备击中了他。
3. A sentry stood on guard at the corner.
   一个哨兵在角落里站岗。
4. The guard did not quit his post all night long.
   那个哨兵整夜都没有离开他的哨位。
5. Miners wore a helmet as a guard against falling rocks.
   矿工头戴钢盔, 防护落下的岩石。
6. The guard unlocked the cuffs of the prisoner.
   警卫打开了囚犯的手铐。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. Three men guarded him whenever he went out.
   每当他外出时都有三个人保护他。
2. The soldiers guarded the prince whenever he left the palace.
   每当王子离开皇宫,士兵们都要保护他。
3. Two fierce griffins guarded the entrance to the castle.
   在城堡的进门处,守着两个凶猛的怪物。
4. It's our duty to guard this bridge and not let the enemy pass.
   我们的责任是守卫这座桥不让敌人通过。
5. Guard the secret with your life, tell it to no one!
   你要以生命来保守秘密,不要告诉任何人。
6. Guard your temper.
   克制住你的脾气。
7. You'd better guard your tongue.
   你最好说话谨慎些。
1
8. The player was guarded closely by her opponent.
   那名运动员被她的对手紧紧地看住。
9. When they exchanged ideas, their talk was too guarded.
   在他们交换意见时,说话都很谨慎。

其他

v -ing as Adverb.

1. The boxer is hitting with his right arm, guarding with his left.
   这个拳击手是用右手出击,左手防护。

用作名词 (n.)

1. All the prisoners are under close guard.
   所有的犯人都在严密的看守之下。
2. His guard was down.
   他放松了警惕。
3. He wears the guard on his expression.
   他脸部带有戒备的神情。
4. He dropped up his guard.
   他未作出防御姿势。
5. The guard won't let you in if you don't show him your pass.
   如果你不出示通行证,卫兵不会让你进去的。
6. A guard is made of eight soldiers.
   卫队由八名士兵组成。
7. At the grand welcoming ceremony at the aIrport,the President reviewed a guard of honour made up of men of the fighting service.
   在机场的隆重欢迎仪式上,总统检阅了三军仪仗队。
8. The guard of honour are gathering.
   仪仗队正在集合。
9. The camp guards are exchanged every night.
   野营的警卫人员每天晚上调换。
10. The guard of the train blew his whistle.
    火车上的列车员吹哨子。
11. Football players often wear shin guards.
    足球运动员经常穿着护腿。
12. His brother is a Guards officer.
    他的哥哥是个英国皇家禁卫军军官。

经典引文

• The main gate..was locked at night so that no guard was necessary.

  出自： P. Bowles

• Armoured cars with alert guards went by.

  出自： R. Ellison

• Sail it alone to the coastguard station and tell the guards to come and help us.

  出自： E. Ardizzone

• The talisman which..guards a house against the evil eye.

  出自： L. Durrell

• To his uncle's wife he said nothing, guarding his purpose from her.

  出自： P. S. Buck

• The entrance..was sealed off by a..gate guarded by heavily armed soldiers.

  出自： A. MacLean

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

guard against (v.+prep.)

避免,预防 take precaution to avoid sth
guard against sth/v-ing
We must guard against accident.

我们必须谨防事故。
We must guard against such a situation.

我们必须警惕这样的局面。
Guard against mispronunciation when you learn a foreign language.

学外语时要提防发音错误。
You must guard against catching a cold.

你一定要防止得感冒。 guard sb/oneself/sth against sth
Take this medicine regularly, it will guard you against a return of the illness.

按时服此药可防止你旧病复发。
He guarded himself against vice.

他避免坏习惯。
Wear a hat to guard your face against the sun.

戴顶帽子可以遮阳光。
We were guarded by sentries against surprise attack.

我们由哨兵守卫,以免遭受突然袭击。

guard from (v.+prep.)

保护 keep from danger
guard sb/sth from sb/sth/v-ing
I will guard you from all dangers.

我会保护你,使你不受任何危险。
The wall guards the place from thieves.

围墙保护此地不受盗贼之扰。
This medicine will guard you from a cold.

这种药将会帮助你预防感冒。
The fence along the middle of the road is intended to guard vehicles from crashing into each other.

道路中央的防护栏是为防止汽车相撞而设的。

用作名词 (n.)

a guard against

防护…的物件 (part of an) article or apparatus designed to prevent injury or loss

off (one's) guard

毫无防备 unprepared for an attack, a surprise or a mistake

on guard

站岗 on duty

on one's guard

防备… defence sb/sth
on one's guard against sb/sth/v-ing
Be on your guard against thieves.

当心小偷。
We shall have to be on our guard against making mistakes like that in the future.

我们今后必须防止发生类似错误。

stand guard over

守卫 act as a sentry

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• guard a secret 守秘密
• guard the prisoners 看守囚犯

～+副词

• guard well 好好保护
• guard adequately 适当地保护
• guard carefully 谨慎提防
• guard circumspectly 谨慎地提防
• guard closely 严密看守
• guard dependably 可靠地保护
• guard jealously 戒备地提防
• guard rigidly 严守
• guard strongly 严密地提防
• guard zealously 积极地提防

～+介词

• guard against 预防
• guard from 使…免除
• guard with 以…防身

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• beat down sb's guard (拳击、击箭、板球比赛中)冲破某人的防御
• call out the guards 命令警卫人员行动
• catch sb off guard 乘其不备,使人措手不及
• change guard 换岗,交接班
• come off guard 下岗
• drop one's guard 失去警惕
• go on guard 上岗
• keep guard 站岗,放哨,警戒
• keep one's guard up 保持警惕
• place a guard at the door 在门口布岗
• put sb on his guard 使某人提防〔警惕〕
• stand guard for sb 为某人站岗〔放哨〕
• stand guard over sb 守卫〔看守〕某人

形容词+～

• imperial guards 禁卫军

名词+～

• advance guard 前卫,先遣部队,先驱,先锋
• color guard (检阅时的)护旗队
• home guard 〈美〉地方志愿军成员
• honour guard 仪仗队
• knee guard 护膝
• nose guard 〈美〉鼻卫〔中卫〕
• palace guard 宫廷卫队
• police guard 治安警卫
• prison guard 〈美〉监狱看守人
• railway guard 列车员

介词+～

• off one's guard 不提防
• on guard 当班,在岗上,警惕
• under guard 押(送),押(运)

～+介词

• guard against 防护…的物件
• guard of honour 仪仗队

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. guard的基本意思是为防御而进行警戒,可指“保护”“守卫”以防外敌侵入,也可指“看守”“控制”以防内部人外逃。引申可指“防范”“严守机密”“警惕”“预防”等。
2. guard多用作及物动词,宾语通常是人,宾语后常接介词from表示“保护某人或某物不受…”; 偶尔也可用作不及物动词,与against连用表示“避免”“预防”。
3. guard的过去分词guarded常用作形容词,在句中可作表语,意为“审慎的”“严守的”。

n. (名词)

1. guard用作不可数名词时,基本意思是指抽象的“守卫”“警戒”“警惕”的行为,引申可作“防御姿势”解。guard用作可数名词时,意思是“卫兵”“哨兵”“警卫人员”,引申还可指“防护装置”。
2. guard既可作个体名词,表示“卫兵”“警卫”“看守”等,也可作集合名词,表示“卫队”“警卫队”“仪仗队”。用作集合名词作主语时,根据上下文,其谓语既可以是单数形式,也可以是复数形式。
3. (the) Guards是“(英国)皇家禁卫军”的意思。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

guard, defend, protect, safeguard, shield

• 这组词的共同意思是“保护”。其区别是：
• 1.defend指对迫在眉睫的危险或侵袭而采取武力或其他手段防御,也可指为某人辩护或捍卫原则的纯洁性; guard指小心翼翼地保持警惕,防止实际存在的或可能发生的危险,以确保人身安全; safeguard指采用保护措施防御潜在的危险; protect指借用某种东西作为防御、保护的工具,使人或物免受伤害; shield指将防护物置放在保护者和伤害物之间,有遮挡的意思。例如:
• The soldiers defended the castle.士兵们守卫城堡。
• The player was guarded closely by her opponent.那名运动员被她的对手紧紧地看住。
• This special cream will protect your skin from the burning sun.这种独特的乳霜可以保护皮肤免受烈日的伤害。
• This agreement will safeguard the newspapers from government interference.这项协定将保护报界免遭政府干预。
• The police were equipped with riot shields.警察配备了防护盾牌。
• 2.protect和shield两者相比较, shield在避开危险的成功率上没有protect高。
• 3.这组词中语气最强烈的是safeguard。

n. (名词)

guard, guardian

• 这两个词都有“看守者”“守卫者”的意思。其区别是：
• 1.guard的目的是为了防止、防御危险或攻击,防止犯人逃跑、闹事等; 而guardian指捍卫或保卫某种信仰、自由、主义等。例如:
• He effected his escape by slogging a guard.他猛击了一名看守,然后成功地逃跑了。
• A minister or a priest is considered a guardian of faith.牧师和教士被认为是信仰的护卫者。
• 2.guardian还可指法律上所承认的某人的“监护人”,而guard则没有此义。例如:
• Mr. Smith is the guardian of that boy.史密斯先生是那个孩子的监护人。
• 3.guard的复数形式guards常指警卫队,而guardian则没有此用法。

defend，protect，safeguard，guard，shield，shelter，harbour

• 这些动词均有“保护、保卫”之意。
• defend普通用词，指用武力或其它措施使人或物不受损害，消除危险。用作比喻时，指坚持某种行动、决定或意见。
• protect普通用词，指用某种手段作为防御工具以防危险或伤害。
• safeguard语气强，指采取积极措施预防可能发生的一切攻击或危险。
• guard普通用词，指保持警惕以防可能的攻击或伤害。
• shield语气比protect强，但侧重防止迫在眉睫的攻击或伤害。
• shelter通常指寻找安全地方躲避风雨或使人免遭危害。
• harbour贬义词，指隐匿或非法保护、窝藏。

常见错误

n. (名词)

1. 所有犯人都受到严密的警戒。

   误 All the prisoners are under a close guard.

   正 All the prisoners are under close guard.

2. 如果我们放松了警惕,就会被欺骗。

   误 If we drop our guards, we shall be fooled.

   正 If we drop our guard, we shall be fooled.

   析 guard作“警戒”“警惕”解时,是不可数名词,前面不能加不定冠词,后面不能加 -s 。

3. 他们在没有戒备时被敌人抓住。

   误 They were caught without guard by the enemy.

   正 They were caught off (their) guard by the enemy.

4. 他们尽力保持警惕。

   误 They did their best to keep with their guard.

   正 They did their best to keep on their guard.

   析 表示“没有警惕”“毫无准备”时,应该用off (one's) guard,而不是without guard; 相应地,表示“保持警惕”应该用on one's guard而非with guard。

词源解说

• ☆ 15世纪初期进入英语，直接源自中古法语的garde，意为守卫，看守，监狱长；最初源自该语的garder，意为守卫。

近反义词

【近义词】

• defend
• preserve
• protect
• shield
• patrol
• sentinel
• sentry
• watchman

【反义词】

• disregard
• ignore
• neglect