finish

英 ['fɪnɪʃ] 美 ['fɪnɪʃ]

• v. 完成；结束；最后加工；用完
• n. 结束；完成；最后一层涂饰

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 结束,完成

   bring to an end; complete

n. (名词)

1. [S][U]结束,完成,最后阶段

   the end or last part

2. [S][U]完成的或完美的状态

   state of being finished or perfect

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 完成（工作），做完
2. 结束，终了，完毕，告终， 终止，终结，停止
3. 吃完，吃光
4. <口>耗尽，用完，用尽
5. 毁掉，消灭，击败
6. 获得名次
7. 对...最后加工，加工，对…作最后的润色
8. 使...毕业，使...卒业
9. 完结，死
10. 【体】到终点
11. 磨光
12. 【机】给...抛光
13. 润饰，修整，整理
14. 定型
15. 修好
16. 读完
17. 使完美

n. 名词

1. 结束，终结，结局，终点，完结
2. 抛光
3. 最后阶段，最后一道工序
4. 末道漆
5. 完成
6. 修养，优雅， 文雅
7. 漆
8. 完蛋的原因
9. 死，毁灭
10. 完美
11. 【建】终饰
12. 完美的程度

英英释义

Noun:

1. a decorative texture or appearance of a surface (or the substance that gives it that appearance);

   "the boat had a metallic finish"
   "he applied a coat of a clear finish"
   "when the finish is too thin it is difficult to apply evenly"
   

2. the temporal end; the concluding time;

   "the stopping point of each round was signaled by a bell"
   "the market was up at the finish"
   "they were playing better at the close of the season"
   

3. a highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality;

   "they performed with great polish"
   "I admired the exquisite refinement of his prose"
   "almost an inspiration which gives to all work that finish which is almost art"
   

4. the place designated as the end (as of a race or journey);

   "a crowd assembled at the finish"
   "he was nearly exhausted as their destination came into view"
   

5. designated event that concludes a contest (especially a race);

   "excitement grew as the finish neared"
   "my horse was several lengths behind at the finish"
   "the winner is the team with the most points at the finish"
   

6. the downfall of someone (as of persons on one side of a conflict);

   "booze will be the finish of him"
   "it was a fight to the finish"
   

7. event whose occurrence ends something;

   "his death marked the ending of an era"
   "when these final episodes are broadcast it will be the finish of the show"
   

8. (wine tasting) the taste of a wine on the back of the tongue (as it is swallowed);

   "the wine has a nutty flavor and a pleasant finish"
   

9. the act of finishing;

   "his best finish in a major tournament was third"
   "the speaker's finishing was greeted with applause"
   

Verb:

1. come or bring to a finish or an end;

   "He finished the dishes"
   "She completed the requirements for her Master's Degree"
   "The fastest runner finished the race in just over 2 hours; others finished in over 4 hours"
   

2. finally be or do something;

   "He ended up marrying his high school sweetheart"
   "he wound up being unemployed and living at home again"
   

3. have an end, in a temporal, spatial, or quantitative sense; either spatial or metaphorical;

   "the bronchioles terminate in a capillary bed"
   "Your rights stop where you infringe upon the rights of other"
   "My property ends by the bushes"
   "The symphony ends in a pianissimo"
   

4. provide with a finish;

   "The carpenter finished the table beautifully"
   "this shirt is not finished properly"
   

5. finish eating all the food on one's plate or on the table;

   "She polished off the remaining potatoes"
   

6. cause to finish a relationship with somebody;

   "That finished me with Mary"
   

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. When do you finish your college course?
   你什么时候完成大学课程？
2. She should finish with him he treats her very badly.
   她应该和他断绝关系－－他对她太不好了。
3. I've finished with gambling it's a waste of money.
   我已经戒赌了－－赌博完全是浪费钱财。
4. That fever nearly finished him off.
   那场热病几乎送了他的命。
5. I'll finish off this dress in a few minutes; I'm just giving it the last finishing touches.
   这件衣服几分钟就可做好了，我已经在收尾了。
6. Please put the saucepan away if you've finished with it.
   你用完了那个长柄锅，就把它收起来。

用作名词 (n.)

1. He was in at the finish and witnessed the excitement of the fans.
   比赛结束前他在场,亲眼目睹了球迷们的狂热。
2. You can come with us tonight if you want to be in at the finish.
   如果你想结束时在场，今晚可以和我们一起来。
3. I want to see the job through to the finish.
   我要看这项工作做完为止。
4. That's a smooth finish on furniture.
   那是家具上的最后一层光漆。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. The new hotel's finished, but it's not yet furnished.
   这家新旅馆已经完工,但尚未装饰。
2. They start work early and finish late every day.
   他们每天上工早收工晚。
3. I can't come till I have finished.
   我要干完了才能来。
4. Term finishes next week.
   本学期下周结束。
5. He didn't finish in time.
   他没有及时干完。
6. The performance has not finished yet.
   演出还未结束。
7. The war hasn't finished yet.
   战争还没有结束。
8. The task finished.
   任务完成了。

用作系动词

S+～+ n.

1. He finished a famous scholar.
   他终于成了一个著名的学者。
2. She finished the best student in her class.
   她成为班中最好的学生。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. That long climb almost finished me.
   长时间的攀登几乎累死我了。
2. That shock almost finished her.
   那一惊几乎把她吓死。
3. My answer finished him.
   我的回答使他哑口无言。
4. “Must I finish my composition in class?”“ No, you needn't.You may finish it after class.”
   “我必须在课上写完作文吗?”“不,你可以在课后完成。”Look!
5. You will never finish that job unless you forget everything else and get down to it.
   听着,你要是不把别的事忘掉,而认真地去干那件事,你就永远也干不完。
6. If the rain holds off for a few days more, they can finish the planting.
   如果这场雨晚几天再下,他们的种植任务就可以完成了。
7. If you had not interfered,I should have finished my work by now.
   要不是你打扰的话,我现在早已完成我的工作。
8. The boy finished the cake just in a few bits.
   这孩子几口就把蛋糕吃完了。
9. What shall we have to finish the meal with?
   我们最后一道菜吃什么呢?
10. They finished the bottle of beer between them.
    他们两人把一瓶啤酒喝完了。
11. When she finished the mending, she paired up the socks.
    袜子补好以后,她把它们一双双地放在一起。
12. We decided to finish our plan more carefully.
    我们决定对自己的计划作更细致的修整。
1
13. The ground-work will soon be finished.
    基础工程不久就要完成了。
14. Once the winter ploughing is finished, it will be time to consider this question.
    冬耕一完就该考虑这个问题了。
15. Everything is finished between us.
    我们之间一切都完了。
16. Hang on—I'm nearly finished.
    等会儿——我马上就完。

S+～+ v -ing

1. They have finished laying the light transport railway.
   他们铺完了这条轻型运输轨道。
2. Place the book back where you found it when you have finished reading.
   看完后把书放回原处。
3. As soon as he finished reading the letter, he flew into a rage and tore it into pieces.
   他一读完那封信,顿时大发雷霆,随即便把信撕个粉碎。
4. There was a deadly silence after she finished speaking.
   她说完之后,是一片沉默。
5. Do you think you can finish reading the novel within the week?
   你认为这周内你可以读完这本小说吗?

其他

v -ed as Attrib.

1. These are finished products.
   这些都是成品。
2. Finished labours are pleasant.
   干完活,是一乐。

v -ing as Attrib.

1. He is putting the finishing stroke to the portrait.
   他正在为这幅肖像画作最后的修饰了。

用作名词 (n.)

1. The meeting was a fiasco from start to finish.
   会议自始至终都失败了。
2. The two men fought to the finish.
   两个人打到分出胜负为止。
3. At ten-thirty the dinner finally dragged to a finish.
   宴会拖到十点半才结束。
4. He gives the last finish to the table.
   他对这桌子进行最后的加工。
5. A cigarette burned the finish on the table.
   一支香烟烧坏了桌面的漆。
6. Her manners lack social finish.
   她举止不优雅。
7. His singing lacks finish.
   他唱歌并不完美。

经典引文

• To look upon death..as the finish of your sorrows!

  出自： A. M. Johnson

• They were pieces in a game that still had to be played to a grim finish.

  出自： L. W. Meynell

• When Jordan Baker had finished telling all this.

  出自： Scott Fitzgerald

• The colonel finished the last war as a brigadier.

  出自： E. Waugh

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

finish in (v.+prep.)

以…告终 come to an end in (a state)

finish off (v.+adv.)

吃光(某物); 耗尽(某物) eat or drink the last part; finish up sth
finish off
There are still a few jobs to finish off so we cannot be released for the time being.

还有几项工作需要完成,所以我们暂且还不能松劲。 finish sth ⇔ off
We finished off the work by noon.

到中午我们的活就干完了。
I must finish off this sewing while light is good.

趁光线还好,我得完成这针线活。
During the debate, the second debater in the positive party failed to finish off his statement within the time limit.

在辩论会上,正方第二辩手没能在限定的时间内结束陈述。
I finally said we must finish off the war in Italy immediately.

最后我说道我们必须马上结束在意大利的战争。
His thesis is being finished off.

他的论文快写完了。 finish sb ⇔ off


〔说明〕 finish off作此解时常不用于进行体。

In less than half an hour we finished off the two enemy companies.
不到30分钟,我们就打垮了两个连的敌人。

That year pneumonia nearly finished off him.
那一年,他几乎得肺炎死去。

The high fever nearly finished him off.
那次高烧几乎使他送了命。

Her illness last year nearly finished her off.
去年的那场病几乎要了她的命。

It was not the operation, but the fever that followed, which finished him off.
不是手术,而是手术后的发烧使他死亡的。

finish sth ⇔ off
We finished off everything on the table.

我们把桌上的饭菜统统吃光了。
Let's finish off the wine!

干杯!
Whenever my cat finishes off her food, she will lick her lips.

我的猫咪一旦吃得盆干碗净,就舔嘴抹舌的。
Old Smith came round for a chat and finished off the remains of my whisky.

老史密斯过来和我聊天,把我剩下的威士忌也喝光了。
The pests finished off all the leaves of a pine tree.

害虫把一棵松树的叶子全吃光了。
Dishes served in restaurant are seldom finished off.

饭馆里吃的饭菜常有剩余。

finish up (v.+adv.)

喝光 eat or drink all
finish up
You can finish up now.

现在你可以结束了。
They will be going on a honeymoon tour, starting in Huangshan and finishing up in Xiamen.

他们打算蜜月旅行,启程于黄山,结束于厦门。
I hope you won't finish up in jail.

希望你不要以入狱而告终。 finish up v-ing
He never dreamed that he would finish up owning such a lot of property.

他做梦也想不到最终他会拥有这么多的财产。 finish sth ⇔ up
I'll be back as soon as I finish up my business.

我一办完事就回来。
They finished up a can of paint.

他们用完了一罐油漆。 finish sth ⇔ up
I finished up all the food in the house.

我吃光了屋里所有的食品。
We finished up everything there was on the table.

我们把桌上的东西全吃完了。
He finished up the remains of the mutton for dinner.

他把晚饭吃剩的羊肉全吃光了。
The hungry baby finished up all her mother's breast milk and still expected more.

这个饥饿的婴儿喝干了妈妈的奶水后还想喝。
Do finish up the wine!Let's dance!

把酒喝干!我们跳舞!
Everything on the lunch table was finished up soon by the hungry children.

桌上的午餐被饥饿的孩子们一扫而光。

finish up with (v.+adv.+prep.)

以…告终 end up with (sth)
finish up with sth
The rally finished up with the singing of the Internationale.

大会最后以高唱《国际歌》结束。

finish with (v.+prep.)

〈非正〉停止惩罚 stop punishing (sb)

用作名词 (n.)

at the finish

结束时,终点 at the end

be in at the finish

结束时在场 be present at the end of sth

fight to a/the finish

战斗到底 fight to the end

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• finish a bottle of wine 喝完一瓶葡萄酒
• finish one's investigation 完成某人的调查研究
• finish one's life in loneliness 孤独中结束一生
• finish one's sandwich 吃完某人的三明治
• finish one's work 完成某人的工作
• finish school 毕业
• finish the milk 喝完牛奶
• finish the tenth grade 读完十年级
• finish the top of the class 在班上考第一名

副词+～

• almost finish 几乎完成
• half finish 完成一半
• quite finish 完全结束

～+副词

• finish beautifully 完美地结束
• finish completely 完全结束
• finish hurriedly 匆匆结束
• finish partly 部分结束
• finish slowly 慢慢地结束
• finish off 结束,完成,吃光,杀死,毁掉
• finish off with one's work 结束工作
• finish up 完成

～+介词

• finish between 两人一起完成
• finish by 以…结束
• finish in 以…结束
• finish with 完成,结束,与…断绝关系
• finish with a song 以一首歌作为结束
• finish with school 完成学业

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• add finish 对…进行最后润色
• burn finish 烧坏了…表面
• lack finish 缺少优雅

形容词+～

• artistic finish 艺术上的完善
• bright finish 表面很光亮
• dull finish 表面很暗淡
• literary finish 文学上的完善

介词+～

• at finish 在结束时
• to finish 至终

～+介词

• finish of 在…上的完美
• finish on 在…上的表面

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. finish的基本意思是“结束,完成”,表明已达到所做事情的终点。引申可表示“用光,吃光”“毕业”“杀掉”等。
2. finish可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,不能接动词不定式。
3. finish用作不及物动词时,其主动形式往往表示被动意义,常译为“…完了,…停止,…结束”。
4. finish有时可用作系动词,后接名词当表语,表示“结果变成…”,此时finish意同become。
5. finish后接off表示“做完”或“杀死”; 后接up表示“吃光”或“做完”; 后接with时表示“用完…”或“断绝与…的关系”。
6. finish的过去分词finished和现在分词finishing均可用作形容词,在句中作定语。过去分词表示完成意义,现在分词表示进行意义。

n. (名词)

1. finish作名词时,基本意思是“终点”,指某事物的最后的部分、结尾或最后一道工序。还可作“完成的或完美的状态”“抛光得很好的表面”解,只用单数形式,有时可加不定冠词。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

finish, finish up

• finish和finish up意思差不多。其区别是：
• 1.finish up的语气较强,含“最终结束”“彻底结束”的意味。例如:
• If I don't finish this work tonight,I'll surely finish it up tomorrow.如果今晚我完不成这项工作,明天肯定会完成的。
• 2.在接动名词时, finish v -ing的意思是“结束做某事”; finish up v -ing意思是“以某事的方式结束”。例如:
• Could I borrow that novel when you've finished reading it?你读完那本小说后可以借给我吗?
• Every time she tried to argue with her husband, she finished up shaking with anger. 每次她与丈夫争吵,总是以她气得发抖而告终。

finish, accomplish, complete, conclude, end

• 这组词都有“结束”“完成”的意思。它们之间的区别是:conclude是比较正式的用语,常指达成协议,作出决定后正式“结束”,如正式的会议、事物等的结束。也有达到逻辑上的结论的含义。因此常用来表示结束一篇著作、一篇演说或议论; accomplish指坚持不懈地努力完成某项计划或达到预期的目的; complete强调把未完成的东西或事情完成,有通过弥补某种欠缺使之成为完整之意; end指“停止”“结束”某一进程,但不强调是否已经圆满完成。常用来指旅行、讲演、争论、战争等结束或终止; finish强调完成自己所计划要干的或所规定的事情或动作,并含有最后加以润色,使之完美的意味。

下面两句的意思不同:

• Have you finished the newspaper?
• 你看完了这报纸吗?
• Have you finished with the newspaper?
• 你不再用这张报纸了吗?

下面的句子有两种不同的意思:

• I have finished the composition.
• 我已经看完这篇文章。
• 我已经写完这篇文章。

complete，finish，end，close，conclude，terminate，accomplish

• 这些动词均含“结束，完成”之意。
• complete侧重指完成预定的任务或使某事完善，补足缺少的部分等。
• finish与complete基本同义，着重圆满地结束或完成已着手的事。
• end最普通用词，着重事情的完成。也指某种活动因达到目的而自然结束或由于某种原因而突然中止。
• close普通用词，着重行为的终止或结束，不强调其目的。
• conclude正式用词，多指以某事或活动达到预期目的而告终。
• terminate强调有一个空间和时间的限度，届时必须终止。书面语用词。
• accomplish正式用词，强调一个过程的完成；也可指依靠努力达到一定目的，或取得一定的结果。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 我读完那本书已经一个星期了。

   误 I have finished the book for a week.

   正 I finished the book a week ago.

   正 It is a week since I finished the book.

   析 finish是瞬间动词,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。

2. 你读完那本书后可以借给我吗?

   误 Could I borrow that book when you've finished to read it?

   正 Could I borrow that book when you've finished reading it?

   正 Could I borrow that book when you've finished it?

   析 finish后可接动名词,不可接动词不定式,当动名词有宾语或者意思清楚时,也可省略动名词。

词源解说

• ☆ 14世纪进入英语，直接源自古法语的finiss，意为结束；最初源自拉丁语的finire，意为限制，末尾，结束。

近反义词

【近义词】

• close
• conclude
• end
• terminate
• close
• conclusion
• end
• termination

【反义词】

• begin
• open
• beginning
• opening
• start