exile

英 ['eksaɪl] 美 ['ekzaɪl]

• n. 放逐；流放；被放逐者
• vt. 放逐；流放

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. 放逐

   send sb into exile

n. (名词)

1. [U]流放,放逐,流亡

   unwanted absence from one's country or home, often for political reasons

2. [C]长期离家〔出国〕

   long stay from one's home or country

3. [C]被流放者,流亡国外者,背井离乡者

   a person who has been forced to leave his country

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 流亡者，被流放者，离乡背井者，流亡国外者，充军者，流犯，亡命者
2. 流放，流亡，放逐，充军，亡命
3. 离开本国，离乡背井，在外游历
4. 远离家乡的生活
5. 冷宫
6. 放浪兄弟，来自日本的流行组合

v. 动词

1. 流放，放逐，处...以流刑，使充军，使流亡，发配
2. 使离乡背井，使流亡国外
3. 遣送

英英释义

Noun:

1. a person who is voluntarily absent from home or country;

   "American expatriates"
   

2. a person who is expelled from home or country by authority

3. the act of expelling a person from their native land;

   "men in exile dream of hope"
   "his deportation to a penal colony"
   "the expatriation of wealthy farmers"
   "the sentence was one of transportation for life"
   

Verb:

1. expel from a country;

   "The poet was exiled because he signed a letter protesting the government's actions"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. The king was sent into exile.
   国王遭到放逐。
2. He was publicly disgraced and sent into exile.
   他被当众贬谪，放逐异乡。
3. Everyone is born king,and most people die in exile.
   每个人生下来都是王，而大多数人却在放逐中死去。
4. Exile was for him a living death.
   他遭流放是进了活地狱。
5. He had been five years in exile.
   他过流放生活已经五年了。
6. He was condemned to lifelong exile.
   他被判处终身流放。
7. He returned after 40 years of exile.
   他流放40年后归来。
8. He was in the unenviable position of having to choose between imprisonment or exile.
   他已陷於进退维谷的地步，不是坐牢就是流放，必须在两者间做出抉择。
9. He has been an exile for ten years.
   他已经流亡十年。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. He was exiled from the country for one year.
   他被放逐一年。
2. He was condemned to exile for treason .
   他因叛国罪被判处流放。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. Many artists and musicians and writers have exiled themselves abroad to protest harsh government at home.
   很多艺术家、音乐家和作家流亡国外,以抗议国内的苛政。
1
2. In those days she was exiled.
   在那些日子里她被流放了。
3. The old man told us that he was ever exiled.
   这位老人告诉我们,他曾经被流放过。

用作名词 (n.)

1. Napoleon was sent into exile on an island.
   拿破仑被流放到一个岛上。
2. After an exile of eight years her uncle returned to Cairo.
   她叔叔背井离乡八年后返回开罗。

经典引文

• You..will be deposed and sent away to spend the remainder of your life in exile.

  出自： M. M. Kaye

• He was an Egyptian..and had been living for some years as an exile in Germany.

  出自： D. Athill

• You are fitted for society and it is shameful you should be exiled from it.

  出自： J. Austen

• The exiled Greek scholars were welcomed in Italy.

  出自： J. R. Green

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

exile for (v.+prep.)

因…而被流放 make sb leave for sth
exile sb for sth/v-ing
The king exiled one of his officials for murder.

国王因他的一个大臣犯谋杀罪而将他放逐。
He was exiled for political reasons.

他因政治原因被放逐。

exile from (v.+prep.)

迫使(某人)离开… force sb to leave
exile sb from sth
It is a severe punishment to be exiled from one's native land.

从本国流放异国他乡是一种严厉的惩罚。
He was exiled from his country.

他被流放到国外。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• exile an artist 流放一个艺术家
• exile a musician 流放一个音乐家
• exile a teacher 流放一名教师

～+介词

• exile for 因…而被流放
• exile from 从…被流放
• exile to 被放逐到…

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• recall an exile 召回被流放者

形容词+～

• lifelong exile 终身流放
• political〔religious〕 exile 政治〔宗教〕流亡者
• internal exile 国内流放

介词+～

• after an exile of ten years 在流放十年之后
• in exile 在流放期间
• go into exile 逃亡,流放

～+介词

• an exile from homeland 流放国外者
• an exile to Siberia 流放到西伯利亚

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. exile的意思是“放逐”,常指因与统治阶级的意愿存在分歧而被“放逐”,流落他乡。exile的执行者通常为权力机构。
2. exile在句中多用作及物动词,其后接人作简单宾语。可用于被动结构。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

exile, banish, expel

• 这组词的共同含义是“驱逐”“放逐”。其区别是：
• 1.从行为主体上说：banish是法律；exile是政府；而expel则指一般机关或企事业单位。
• 2.从地点上说：banish指驱逐出境；exile可指驱逐出境，也可指流放某地；expel既可指驱逐出境，也可指开除离校或开除离岗。
• 3.从含义上说：exile不一定含有耻辱的意味；expel则往往含耻辱的意味；而banish则既可含也可不含耻辱的意味。
• 4.exile一般不用于比喻；banish用于比喻可表示“排除”某种疑虑、恐惧等，指不存在；expel用于比喻可表示“排出”某种物质如空气、污水等，指由内到外的位置变化。

词源解说

• ☆ 1300年左右进入英语，直接源自古法语的essillier，意为驱逐，流放；最初源自拉丁语的exilium，意为流放，流放的地方。

近反义词

【近义词】

• banish
• eject
• expel
• banishment

【反义词】

• accept
• grant
• refuge
• welcome