drain

英 [dreɪn] 美 [dreɪn]

• v. 排出；排干；喝光；耗尽
• n. 下水道；消耗

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. (使)逐渐变干,(使)逐渐流干

   (cause to) become gradually dry, as water or other liquid is removed; (cause to) flow off gradually or completely

2. vt. 喝光

   have a drink out

n. (名词)

1. [C]排水沟,排水管

   a pipe that carries away dirty water from a building

2. [C]流尽,用光

   sth that drains, empties or uses up

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. （使）流出，流走，流掉，流去
2. 排掉水，排出（水等液体），泄（水）
3. 晒干
4. 渐渐枯竭，耗尽、用完，使耗尽，使枯竭
5. 放干，放光
6. 喝干，喝光
7. 排泄，排去
8. 流掉，流出液体
9. 渐渐淌完，流光，（逐渐）流干，滴干，逐渐流走
10. 倒空
11. 排空，排干
12. 从…排干，使（水）流干，使干涸
13. 容纳…的水
14. 过滤
15. 逐渐消失
16. 流注

n. 名词

1. 排水，流出
2. 负担，消耗，耗费
3. 排水设备， 排水系统
4. 逐渐流光，不断外流
5. 下水道，排水沟，阴沟，排水渠
6. 排水管
7. 【医】引流
8. 导液（管）
9. 排脓管

英英释义

Noun:

1. emptying something accomplished by allowing liquid to run out of it

2. tube inserted into a body cavity (as during surgery) to remove unwanted material

3. a pipe through which liquid is carried away

4. a gradual depletion of energy or resources;

   "a drain on resources"
   "a drain of young talent by emigration"
   

Verb:

1. flow off gradually;

   "The rain water drains into this big vat"
   

2. deplete of resources;

   "The exercise class drains me of energy"
   

3. empty of liquid; drain the liquid from;

   "We drained the oil tank"
   

4. make weak;

   "Life in the camp drained him"
   

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. We must dig a trench to drain away the water.
   我们必须挖一条沟排水。
2. They drain the swamp and turn it into fertile land.
   他们排干沼泽地的水,将它变成了肥沃的土地。
3. They all rose and drained their glasses.
   他们都站了起来,一饮而尽。
4. She felt drained of energy.
   她感到精疲力竭。

用作名词 (n.)

1. We have to call a plumber to unblock the drain.
   我们得叫管工来通一通下水道。
2. Military spending is a huge drain on the country's resources.
   军费开支是国家资源的一大消耗。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. Leave the dishes on the board to drain.
   将盘子放在水槽旁边的板上晾干。
2. This land won't drain.
   这块地的水排不出去。
3. The sticky yellowish brown soil drains well.
   这种黄棕色的黏性土壤渗水性好。
4. The tension drained slightly and they stole little glances at each other.
   紧张气氛略有缓和,他们偷偷地相互看了一眼。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. They have drained the swimming pool.
   他们把游泳池的水放干了。
2. The effort drained all his energy.
   这番努力弄得他精疲力竭。
3. At one draught he drained the water.
   他一口就把水喝完了。
1
4. If this wet land was drained, it would be good farmland.
   如果把这块湿地的水排干,这块地就会成为良田。
5. Our house is well drained.
   我们的房子排水系统很好。
6. He felt drained.
   他感到精疲力竭。

用作宾补动词

S+～+ n./pron. + adj.

1. Let's drain the glasses dry.
   咱们把这几杯喝干吧。
2. They drained the swamps dry.
   他们把沼泽地里的水排干了。
3. The usurers are leeches; they have drained us dry.
   高利贷者是吸血鬼,他们吸干了我们的血汗。

用作名词 (n.)

1. The drain was choked up with dirt.
   排水管被污物堵住了。
2. His wife's illness has been a great drain on his income.
   他妻子的病要用去他的大部分收入。

经典引文

• We found the drain blocked already and the yard full of water.

  出自： L. Lee

• The little boys were noisily draining soft drinks.

  出自： W. Boyd

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

drain away (v.+adv.)

(使)用尽〔消耗完〕 (cause to) be used or spent
drain away
The rainwater drained away.

雨水流掉了。 drain sth ⇔ away
Dig trenches to drain away the water.

挖沟以排水。
Doctors used to cut people open to drain the polluted blood away.

从前,医生常常在人体上切口把污血放出。 drain away to sth
Some of the cleverest men in Britain drained away to the United States after the war.

战后,英国的一些最有才华的人被吸引到美国去了。 drain sb ⇔ away
Some of the cleverest men in Britain were drained away to the United States after the war.

战后,英国的一些最有才华的人被吸引到美国去了。 drain away
My energy is draining away.

我的精力正衰竭下去。
His courage drained away.

他的勇气渐渐消失。
His life was slowly draining away.

他的生命逐渐枯竭了。 drain sth ⇔ away
This hard work has drained away my keenness.

这种艰苦的工作削弱了我的锐气。 drain away
Now that price are rising so fast, all my money is draining away.

物价上涨得如此之快,我的钱都快花光了。 drain sth ⇔ away
The rise in costs has drained all our profit away.

成本的提高把我们的利润全部都抵消了。

drain from (v.+prep.)

离开,被吸引而脱离(某地) leave; be attracted away from (some place)
drain from sth
The blood drained from her face as she learned what had happened.

当她得知所发生的一切时,脸色煞白。
The children stared at the lion, all the colour draining from their faces.

孩子们目不转睛地盯着狮子,个个面如土色。 drain sth from sth
Drain the liquids from the tin before you serve the vegetables.

上蔬菜前,先把罐头里的液体倒掉。
Drain all the oil from the engine.

把发动机的油放掉。
Fright drained all colour from his face.

惊恐使他的面容失色。
Peripheral auto routes drains traffic from the city centre.

外环高速公路把市中心的交通流引开。 drain from some place
Thousands of clever men drained from Britain in the years just after the war.

在战后的头几年里,成千上万的有识之士离开了英国。 drain sb/sth from some place
The chance of better pay and advantages has drained many good men away from Britain.

更高的工资和更优越的条件吸引了许多优秀人士离开了英国。

drain into (v.+prep.)

(指河流或陆地)使其水流入(某个水域) (of a river or land) to allow its waters to flow into (a body of water)
drain into some place
All the rivers on the east side of England drain into the North Sea.

英国东部所有的河水都注入北海。
Central Europe drains into the Danube.

欧洲中部地区向多瑙河排水。
The whole island drains into the one river.

整个岛上的水都流进了一条河。

drain of (v.+prep.)

弄〔耗〕光…,弄空… empty (sb) of (sth)
drain sth of sth
At first, you have to drain the container of all the old oil.

首先,你得从油箱中把所有的陈油都抽去。
Draining mountains of everlasting snow, the river twists for nineteen hundred miles.

这条河把终年积雪的群山上的融雪带走,蜿蜒1900英里长。 drain sb of sth
The expense drains us of all our income.

这笔费用把我们所有的收入都花光了。
He drained his parents of every cent they had.

他把父母所有的钱都耗尽了。
This country is being drained of its best doctors.

这个国家最优秀的医生在不断外流。
I felt as if I had been drained of all my strength.

我觉得我身上的力气好像都被耗尽了。
I felt drained of thought.

我觉得自己的思想已经枯竭。

drain the cup of (v.+n.+prep.)

备尝,饱尝 suffer from sorrow deeply

drain off (v.+adv.)

将一定量的酒喝光 drink (a quantity of liquid) completely
drain off
Open the pipe to let the water drain off.

把管子打开,让水流出去。
The rainwater drained off.

雨水流掉了。 drain sth ⇔ off
Drain off the rest of the wine from this barrel.

把桶里剩余的酒排出去。
Drain off all fat that cooks out.

把煮出来的油脂都撇掉。 drain sth ⇔ off
With an effort, he drained off the whole bottle.

他一鼓劲儿,把满瓶子酒一饮而尽了。

drain out (v.+adv.)

流失,失掉; 停止 be lost; cease
drain out (of sth)
When the pipe was unblocked, the water drained out.

一打开水管,水就流了出来。
The water drained out of the flower-pot through the hole in the bottom.

水从花盆底部的洞漏出去。 drain sth ⇔ out
First you must drain the dirty water out and then clean the pipe.

你必须先让污水排出去,然后再清洗管道。 drain out
All her strength drained out when she was discouraged in what she was doing.

当做事遇到挫折时,她所有的劲头也就丢光了。

用作名词 (n.)

go down the drain

白白被浪费掉go to waste

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• drain the field 排去田中的水
• drain resources 耗尽资源
• drain water 排水

～+副词

• drain well 排水很畅
• drain completely〔painfully, thoroughly〕 完全排出
• drain entirely 完全排出
• drain slightly 略微排出
• drain slowly 慢慢排去
• drain steadily 稳稳地排出
• drain away (生命)枯竭,(怒气)平息,(紧张的心情)消失,(废水)排尽
• drain away manpower 消耗人力
• drain water away 排水
• drain off 排去(液体)
• drain off liquids 排去液体
• drain off rain 排掉雨水

～+介词

• drain from 从…中流掉
• drain water from field 把田里的水排掉
• drain into the Danube 向多瑙河排水
• drain into river 流入河里
• drain into sea 流入大海
• drain of 把(某物)中的…抽走〔空〕,耗光(某人)的(某物)
• drain sb of sb's energy 耗尽某人的精力
• drain the tank of all water 排去储水箱中所有的水
• drain the cup of sorrow to the bottle 饱尝辛酸

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• block drain 堵塞排水沟
• clean out〔clear, unblock〕 drain 疏通排水沟
• go down the drain 排走,化为乌有,白费

形容词+～

• continued drain 继续外流
• heavy〔an enormous〕 drain 很大开支
• open drain 明沟

名词+～

• box drain 方形沟
• brain drain 人才流失,智囊枯竭
• talent drain 人才外流

～+介词

• drain of gold 黄金的外流
• drain on one's purse 经济上的大负担
• drain on one's strength〔wealth〕 精力〔财力〕的消耗

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. drain的基本意思是“(使)逐渐变干〔流干〕”,引申可表示“喝光”。
2. drain既可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,可接名词或代词作宾语,也可接以形容词作补足语的复合宾语。用作不及物动词时,常与away, off等词连用。
3. drain可用于被动结构。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的dreahnian；最初源自原始日耳曼语的draug，意为干旱。

近反义词

【近义词】

• channel
• drag
• pipe
• strain