defeat

英 [dɪ'fiːt] 美 [dɪ'fiːt]

• n. 挫败；败北
• vt. 战胜；击败；使...不能实现

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. 击败,战胜

   overcome

2. vt. 使挫败,使落空

   win a victory over; stop (hopes, aims, etc.) from becoming reality

n. (名词)

1. [U]战胜,挫败

   the act of defeating

2. [U][C]战败,失败

   the act of state of being defeated

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 战胜，击败，打败
2. 失败，战败，挫折，挫败，输，败仗，败北
3. 【律】废除，无效，废止，取消

v. 动词

1. 战胜，击败，挫败，打败（敌人）
2. 使失败，使受挫折，使...归于失败
3. 【律】使无效，宣告无效 ，作废
4. 废除，打破
5. （使）落空，幻灭，失意
6. 落选
7. （使）困惑， 阻挠，难住，挫折
8. 使不理解
9. 毁坏，败坏，摧毁

英英释义

Noun:

1. an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest;

   "it was a narrow defeat"
   "the army's only defeat"
   "they suffered a convincing licking"
   

2. the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals

Verb:

1. win a victory over;

   "You must overcome all difficulties"
   "defeat your enemies"
   "He overcame his shyness"
   "He overcame his infirmity"
   "Her anger got the better of her and she blew up"
   

2. thwart the passage of;

   "kill a motion"
   "he shot down the student's proposal"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. He was depressed by his defeat.
   失败让他沮丧。
2. This defeat was a powerful blow to the enemy.
   这次失败是对敌人的有力的打击。
3. The news of army's defeat cast a gloom over the town.
   军队败北的消息给小城蒙上了一层忧郁。
4. They are still wailing over their defeat.
   他们仍在为比赛失利而悲叹。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. It was a sound strategy to defeat the enemy.
   那是战胜敌人的良策。
2. The naval captain defeated Napoleon in the battle of Trafalgar in 1805, and stopped him from invading England.
   这位海军将领在1805年的特拉法格海战中击败了拿破仑的军队,从而阻止了他入侵英国。
3. I believe nothing can defeat you.
   我相信什么都打不垮你的。
4. The test completely defeated me.
   这个测试完全难倒了我。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. I defeated John at chess yesterday.
   昨天我和约翰下棋,赢了他。
2. Roosevelt defeated Hoover for the presidency.
   罗斯福击败了胡佛当选为总统。
3. Before long he rebuilt a strong army and defeated the enemy.
   不久之后,他重新建立了一支强大的军队并打败了敌人。
4. Our football team defeated theirs this time.
   这一次我们的足球队胜了他们的足球队。
5. The Americans defeated the British in 1781.
   美国于1781年打败了英国。
6. A British fleet defeated the French at Trafalgar.
   英国舰队在特拉法尔加击败了法国舰队。
7. I never believed that any meal could defeat me, but on that day I met my Waterloo.
   我根本不相信吃饭还会难住我，可那天我确实被难住了。
8. I've tried to solve the problem, but it defeats me!
   我想解决这问题,但却被难倒了。
9. This kind of problems always defeats me.
   我总是无法对付这类问题。
10. I've tried to understand your idea, but I'm afraid it defeated me.
    我曾试图理解你的想法,但恐怕我做不到。
11. Why you stay indoor on a beautiful day like this defeats me!
    天气这样好,你却呆在屋里,真叫人莫名其妙!
12. A dishonest man sometimes defeats his own ends.
    不诚实的人有时使自己的目的归于失败。
13. It was lack of money, not of efforts, that defeated their plan.
    他们的计划之所以遭到失败,是由于缺少资金,而不是努力不够。
14. We must at any cost defeat them.
    我们必须不惜任何代价打败他们。
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15. They acknowledged having been defeated.
    他们认输了。
16. He couldn't hide his disappointment when he knew that he was defeated.
    当他知道他被击败时,他无法隐藏他失望的情绪。
17. When he was defeated, he came down to earth.
    当他被打败时,他才丢掉取胜的幻想。
18. It is universally acknowledged that he was defeated.
    大家公认他失败了。
19. They were defeated in the battle.
    在这场战斗中他们被打败了。
20. The enemy was defeated in a decisive battle.
    敌人在一场决定性的战斗中被击败了。
21. Team A was defeated by Team B at the last football match.A
    队在上次足球赛中输给了B队。
22. He has been soundly defeated at chess.
    他在国际象棋比赛中一败涂地。
23. The motion was defeated by 261 votes against 211.
    这一提议以211票对261票被否决。

用作名词 (n.)

1. This defeat lessens our chances of winning the championship.
   这次失败使我们夺取冠军的希望变得更加渺茫。
2. Our baseball team has never yet suffered a defeat.
   我们的棒球队尚未遭遇一次失败。
3. He always seems cheerful even in defeat.
   他总是高高兴兴,即使输了也这样。
4. He acknowledged his defeat.
   他承认了他的失败。
5. When the results of the vote were announced the Prime Minister acknowledged defeat.
   选举结果宣布后,这位总理才承认失败。
6. The premature general strike would invite total defeat.
   准备不充分的总罢工会导致彻底的失败。
7. Their first action ended in defeat.
   他们的第一次行动以失败告终。
8. Such an action would have smelt, to her, of defeat.
   在她看来,这种行动意味着失败。
9. They suffered another defeat.
   他们再次受挫。
10. In the American Civil War, the South's lack of industrial development was decisive to its defeat, long before a single shot was fired.
    美国内战时,仗还没打起来,工业发展落后的南方就注定了要失败。
11. We had two defeats this year.
    今年我们失败过两次。
12. A succession of military defeats weakened the aggressor.
    一连串的军事失败削弱了侵略者。
13. After several defeats, the team is now doing well again.
    经过几次失败以后,这个队现在又有了起色。
14. They inflicted a crushing defeat on the enemy.
    他们使敌人遭到惨败。

经典引文

• The defeat of the Armada.

  出自： J. R. Green

• It was check mate, match, and defeat from the opening move.

  出自： J. Heller

• His unkindness may defeat my life.

  出自：Othello , Shakespeare

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• defeat aggressors 打败侵略者
• defeat drought 战胜干旱
• defeat English team 击败英格兰队
• defeat one's opponents 击败对手
• defeat these arguments 驳倒这些论据

～+副词

• defeat absolutely 完全击败
• defeat badly 惨败
• defeat completely 彻底失败
• defeat decisively 彻底击败
• defeat finally 最终被击败
• defeat gloriously 虽败犹荣
• defeat logically 情理之中地击败
• defeat subsequently 接着被击败
• defeat successively 接连被击败
• defeat thoroughly 彻底击败
• defeat totally 彻底击败
• defeat utterly 完全击败

～+介词

• defeat sb at football 在足球比赛中击败某人
• defeat by 以…战胜
• defeat by three goals to one 以三比一的比分战胜
• defeat in a match 在比赛中战胜
• defeat in badminton 在羽毛球赛中打输了
• defeat in one's design 计划落空
• defeat in one's purpose 未达到目的
• defeat in one's scheme 阴谋破产
• defeat sb of an inheritance 剥夺某人的继承权
• defeat sb of ultimate 由于坏脾气使某人不能取得胜利
• defeat through having no reinforcements 由于无援军而被打败

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• acknowledge defeat 承认失败
• admit defeat 承认失败
• bring defeat 遭到失败
• court defeat 自讨失败
• inflict defeat 击败
• invite defeat 招致失败,自取灭亡
• know no defeat 不屈不挠,不服输
• meet defeat 面临失败
• suffer defeat 遭受失败
• sustain defeat 遭到失败,遭受挫折

形容词+～

• complete defeat 彻底失败
• crushing defeat 一败涂地
• decisive defeat 决定性的失败
• disheartening defeat 令人沮丧的失败
• expensive defeat 付出高昂代价的失败
• heavy defeat 大败
• humiliating defeat 可耻的失败
• ignominious defeat 可耻的失败
• inevitable defeat 必然的失败,不可避免的失败
• inglorious defeat 不光彩的失败
• insignificant defeat 小小的失败〔挫折〕
• irretrievable defeat 无法挽救的失败
• resounding defeat 彻底的失败
• serious defeat 严重的失败
• severe defeat 惨败
• shameful defeat 可耻的失败
• successive defeat 接连的失败
• terrible defeat 严重受挫
• total defeat 完全失败
• unexpected defeat 未预料到的失败,出乎意外的失败
• utter defeat 完全失败

～+介词

• defeat at sb's hands 败于某人手下
• defeat in battle 战斗失败
• defeat in game 比赛失败

词语用法

1. defeat既作类名词，也可作抽象名词，如a defeat（一次挫败）和in defeat（挫败）；
2. defeat后接不同的介词时，表示不同意思。例如his defeat of the enemy表示“他打败敌人”，his defeat by the enemy表示“他被敌人打败”，而his defeat表示“他被别人打败”。

v. (动词)

1. defeat的基本意思是用武力或智谋“打败”“使屈服”,表示“占上风”,含有可能只是暂时挫败或牵制对方的意味。引申可以表示“难住”。
2. defeat是及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语,可用于被动结构。

n. (名词)

1. defeat用作名词的基本意思是表示“战胜”的行为。从胜方角度看可表示“战胜”; 从败方角度看可表示“战败”。具体译法根据上下文特别是谓语动词而定。
2. defeat表示“失败”时,是不可数名词; 表示“失败的事例”时,是可数名词。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

defeat, conquer, overcome, win

• 这组词都可表示“获胜”“打败”。其区别是：
• win表示“获胜”“赢得”,指在竞赛或战斗中击败对方,宾语一般是战役或胜利等; conquer表示“征服”,此词应用范围很广,既可指靠武力或精神道德方面的力量使对方屈服,又可指在排除障碍和阻力后取得胜利,该词强调的不仅是击败对方,而且还包括使对方就范; defeat应用范围也很广,但不像conquer那样含有彻底击败或征服的意思,而是强调暂时的胜利; overcome的意思是“克服”“战胜”,既可用于战斗或任何竞赛,又可用于感情、习惯等方面,强调压倒或胜过。例如:
• There has been a tremendous international effort to conquer cancer.全世界已作出了巨大努力来征服癌症。
• They acknowledged having been defeated.他们承认被打败了。
• We have the courage to overcome difficulties.我们有战胜困难的勇气。

n. (名词)

defeat of, defeat by

• defeat of表示主动意义的战胜, of表示动宾关系; defeat by表示被动意义的战胜, by引出行动主体。试比较:
• That was regarded as an Iranian defeat of Iraq.
• 人们认为那是伊朗挫败了伊拉克。
• That was regarded as an Iranian defeat by Iraq.
• 人们认为那是伊朗被伊拉克挫败。

conquer，overcome，overthrow，defeat，beat，subdue

• 这些动词均含“征服，战胜”之意。
• conquer侧重战胜和控制。书面用词。
• overcome多指战胜或克服非物质的东西，如困难和不良习惯等。语气较弱也可指在斗争或竞争中战胜或压倒对方。
• overthrow指彻底击败对手，使其丧失力量和地位。
• defeat普通用词，多指在战争、比赛、竞选或辩论中战胜对手，侧重胜利的暂时性。
• beat口笔语均可用，可与defeat换用。
• subdue正式用词，与conquer同义，但强调失败后的臣服状态；也可用作借喻，表克制、压抑感情、欲望等。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 谁赢了那场战争?

   误 Who defeated the battle?

   正 Who won the battle?

   析 在英语中win所带的宾语常为game, match, battle之类的词,而defeat后接的宾语则为sb 或像team, school之类的参赛者或单位,表示“击败某人”“打败了某个参赛单位”。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自中古英语的defeten；最初源自古法语的desfait，意为使做不成。

近反义词

【近义词】

• beat
• conquer
• overcome
• overthrow
• suppress
• vanquish

【反义词】

• foil
• frustrate
• spoil
• submit
• surrender
• yield