chalk

英 [tʃɔːk] 美 [tʃɔːk]

• n. 粉笔；白垩
• v. 用粉笔写；记录；使变白；归咎

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [U]制造白色或彩色粉笔的白垩

   this or a similar substance made into white or coloured sticks for writing or drawing on blackboard

2. [U][C]粉笔

   one of these sticks

v. (动词)

1. vt. 用粉笔写、画、作记号

   mark, write, or draw with chalk

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 粉笔，彩色粉笔
2. 白垩
3. 用粉笔划的记号
4. 比赛的得分，得分纪录
5. 记入借方的款项，贷款的记帐
6. 牛奶
7. 碳酸钙
8. 截然不同，天渊之别
9. 制造白色或彩色粉笔的白垩
10. 像白垩的物质
11. 防滑粉

v. 动词

1. 用粉笔写、画、作记号
2. 使变白，使苍白
3. 规划
4. 用白垩粉擦
5. 打...的图样，画出…的草图
6. 灰化
7. 从…中吸取教训
8. 得（分），获得，取得（成功）记录
9. 成功
10. 记下，记录
11. 把某事归因于
12. 撒白垩于，往（田里）施白垩
13. 变成白垩状

英英释义

Noun:

1. a soft whitish calcite

2. a pure flat white with little reflectance

3. an amphetamine derivative (trade name Methedrine) used in the form of a crystalline hydrochloride; used as a stimulant to the nervous system and as an appetite suppressant

4. a piece of calcite or a similar substance, usually in the shape of a crayon, that is used to write or draw on blackboards or other flat surfaces

Verb:

1. write, draw, or trace with chalk

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. The teacher wrote on the blackboard with a piece of chalk.
   老师用一支粉笔在黑板上写字。
2. The teacher's chalk grated on the blackboard.
   老师的粉笔在黑板上发出刺耳的摩擦声。
3. My father said cement couldn't be made from chalk.
   我父亲说水泥不能用白垩来制作。

用作动词 (v.)

1. The boys chalked out goalposts on the playground wall.
   男孩子们在运动场的墙上用粉笔画上了球门柱。
2. He chalked out a simple plan of the new building.
   他用粉笔勾画了新大楼的简图。
3. Our team has chalked up a record score for the season.
   我们队已取得该季度最佳得分记录。
4. The team has chalked up its fifth win in a row.
   这队一连五次取得胜利。
5. You shouldn't chalk that up to experience.
   你不应将此归咎为经验问题。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. The teacher wrote with a stick of chalk.
   老师用粉笔写字。
2. They were drawing patterns on the blackboard in colored chalks.
   他们用彩色粉笔在黑板上画图案。

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. The inspector chalked OK on my bag.
   检查员用粉笔在我的包上写了OK。
2. Chalk down the song on the blackboard, please.
   请把这首歌抄在黑板上。

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

as different as chalk and cheese

截然不同,本质上完全不同 entirely different

by a long chalk

大大地,很大程度上 by a wide margin

用作动词 (v.)

chalk out (v.+adv.)

概略地说明 describe sth in words in a general way

chalk up (v.+adv.)

归因于 record on sb's or one's own account
chalk sth ⇔ up
We shall chalk up his good points.

我们将记下他的优点。
The results were chalked up on the blackboard as soon as they came in.

比分一出来就记在黑板上。
Several important milestones in foreign policy have been passed by this Congress and they can be chalked up as major accomplishments.

这次代表大会通过了对外政策中几起划时代的事件,并且它们可作为主要成就记录下来。
He may accept your apology, but the offence will be chalked up against you.

他也许会接受你的道歉,但你的冒犯将被记恨在心。 chalk up
In the first six months of this year the hotel-owner will have chalked up, round the world, thirteen opening ceremonies.

今年前6个月,这位旅馆的老板将会达到接纳世界上13个开幕式的记录。 chalk sth ⇔ up
The team chalked up another victory last week.

该队在上周又取得一次胜利。 chalk sth ⇔ up to sth/v-ing
She noticed herself getting tired easily.She chalked it up to getting older.

她注意到自己容易疲倦,她认为这是自己衰老的缘故。
His failure can be chalked up to lack of experience.

他的失败可归因于缺乏经验。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• break chalk 折断粉笔
• make chalk 制作粉笔

形容词+～

• coloured chalk 彩色粉笔
• French chalk 滑石粉
• red chalk 红粉笔
• tailor's chalk 划粉,滑石粉

～+名词

• chalk dust 粉笔末
• chalk downs 白垩质高地

介词+～

• by a long chalk 远远地,(差得)很远
• picture drawn in chalk 粉笔画
• write in chalk 用粉笔写
• a piece of chalk 一支粉笔
• a stick of chalk 一根粉笔
• mark with chalk 用粉笔做记号
• write with chalk 用粉笔写字

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• chalk the date 记下日期

～+副词

• chalk out 用粉笔标出
• chalk up 用粉笔记录

词语用法

n. (名词)

1. chalk的基本意思是指“制造白色或彩色粉笔的白垩”,表示一种物质,是不可数名词。
2. 作“粉笔”讲时,一般用作不可数名词,但说“各种颜色的粉笔”时,则要用复数。表示“一支粉笔”时用a piece of chalk,“两支粉笔”用two pieces of chalk,“一盒粉笔”用a box of chalk,“一盒彩色粉笔”用a box of coloured chalks。

v. (动词)

1. chalk的基本意思是“用粉笔写、画、作记号”,是及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语,可用于被动结构。

词源解说

• ☆ 1570左右进入英语，直接源自古英语的cealc；最初源自拉丁语的calc，意为石灰石，白垩。

近反义词

【近义词】

• write 写
• draw 拖
• mark 记号
• doodle 乱写
• scribble 潦草地书写
• sketch 速写
• whiten 使 ... 白
• bleach 漂白剂
• crayon 蜡笔
• pastel 彩色粉笔
• calcimine 白粉溶液
• blanch 漂白
• whitewash 白色涂料
• white 白色的
• pale 苍白的
• make 做
• blackboard 黑板
• shabu 甲基苯丙胺
• methamphetamine hydrochloride 脱氧麻黄碱盐酸盐...
• meth <美俚>甲基苯丙胺(一...
• crank 曲柄
• deoxyephedrine 去氧麻黄碱, 去氧麻黄素...
• trash 废物
• Methedrine [药]梅太德林...
• chicken feed (俚语)小钱
• ice 冰
• methamphetamine [药]甲基苯丙胺...
• glass 玻璃