blame

英 [bleɪm] 美 [bleɪm]

• vt. 责备；把 ... 归咎于
• n. 责备；过失

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 责备,责怪,责难

   say that a certain person caused an accident or a failure of some kind

n. (名词)

1. [U]责任

   responsibility for sth bad

2. [U]指责,责备

   say that it is because of sb/sth that wronghappened

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 责备，指责，非难，责怪，谴责
2. 过失，过错
3. 责任
4. 罪，罪过
5. 挑剔

v. 动词

1. 谴责，责备，怪罪，指责
2. 归因于，把...归咎于，怪在...头上，推卸给，追究，推诿
3. <美俚>诅咒
4. 挑剔
5. 怨，埋怨
6. 对（坏事）负有责任
7. 找…岔子

英英释义

Noun:

1. an accusation that you are responsible for some lapse or misdeed;

   "his incrimination was based on my testimony"
   "the police laid the blame on the driver"
   

2. a reproach for some lapse or misdeed;

   "he took the blame for it"
   "it was a bum rap"
   

Adjective:

1. expletives used informally as intensifiers;

   "he's a blasted idiot"
   "it's a blamed shame"
   "a blame cold winter"
   "not a blessed dime"
   "I'll be damned (or blessed or darned or goddamned) if I'll do any such thing"
   "he's a damn (or goddam or goddamned) fool"
   "a deuced idiot"
   "an infernal nuisance"
   

Verb:

1. put or pin the blame on

2. harass with constant criticism;

   "Don't always pick on your little brother"
   

3. attribute responsibility to;

   "We blamed the accident on her"
   "The tragedy was charged to her inexperience"
   

例句

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. The driver was not to blame for the accident.
   这次事故怪不着司机。
2. The bank manager was really to blame, though he tried to pin it on a clerk.
   真正受责备的应该是银行经理，可是他却想把责任推到一个职员身上。
3. She blamed him for the failure of their marriage.
   她把婚姻的触礁归咎於他。
4. They blamed the rise in oil prices for the big increase in inflation.
   他们把通货膨胀大幅度增长归咎于石油价格的上涨。

用作名词 (n.)

1. We were ready to take the blame for what had happened.
   我们准备对所发生的事承担责任。
2. He incurred much blame for his stubborn attitude.
   他态度顽固而招致许多责难。
3. It was wrong of you to fasten the blame on him.
   你把过错推到他头上是不对的。
4. She tried to shunt the blame onto Miss Williams.
   她试图把责任推至威廉姆斯小姐身上。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. Essex could blame, but he could also accept other men's blame.
   艾塞克斯会责怪别人,但他也能接受别人的责备。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. Don't always blame him, he is only a little child.
   别老责怪他,他只不过是个孩子。
2. He always blames his son.
   他总是责备他儿子。
3. I didn't blame you,I blame myself.
   我没有责怪你,我责怪我自己。
4. If anything goes wrong, don't blame me.
   如果出了什么差错,不要怪我。
5. Why do people blame the weather?
   人们为什么责备天气呢?
6. Don't blame other people.
   不要怨天尤人。
7. A bad workman always blames his tools.
   拙工常怨工具差。
1
8. The book is much blamed.
   这本书受到很多指责。
9. If I don't explain, he'll be unfairly blamed.
   如果我不作解释,他就会受到不公正的责备。
10. In that country, movies have been highly blamed.
    在那个国家,电影业备受指责。

其他

S+be to+～

1. It's all my fault. I'm to blame.
   这都是我的错,都怪我。
2. I'm in no way to blame.
   我毫无责任。
3. I am to blame for his lateness.
   我对他的迟到负有责任。
4. John is to blame for the accident.
   约翰应对这事故负责。
5. Nobody is to blame for it.
   此事怪不得任何人。
6. Who is to blame for setting the house on fire?
   纵火烧房一事应由谁来负责任?

用作名词 (n.)

1. If you don't do the work well, you will incur blame.
   如果你不把工作做好,你将会受到指责。
2. I assumed to myself all the blame.
   我自己承担了一切责任。
3. He incurred much blame for his stubborn attitude.
   他态度顽固而招致许多责难。
4. They heaped all the blame for it on me.
   他们把这件事的责任全部加在我的头上。
5. The judge laid the blame for the accident on the driver of the car.
   法官判定汽车的驾驶员应对该意外事件负责。
6. They shift the blame from one to another.
   他们互相推卸责任。
7. He cast all the blame on me.
   他把一切都归咎于我。
8. Everyone threw the blame on me.
   大家都归罪于我。
9. She threw the blame upon Bob.
   她把责任推到鲍勃身上。
10. The blame should be placed upon the conductor.
    事故的责任应由列车员承担。
11. All the blame falls upon him.
    全部责任由他承担。
12. That is, of course, not to say that the blame rests solely on the student.
    这当然不是说责任全在那个学生身上。
13. I know where the blame lies.
    我知道是谁的错。
14. Where does the blame for our failure lie?
    我们失败的症结在哪里?
15. There is no blame attached to his life.
    他的一生无可指责。

经典引文

• No one can please me much with praise or hurt me with blame.

  出自： G. Greene

• The poor nurse will get the blame for negligence.

  出自： W. Trevor

• Blame it, I ain't going to stir him much.

  出自： M. Twain

• Blame that boy!

  出自： R. Kipling

• I'm blamed if I dare adwise you.

  出自： H. R. Martin

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

blame for (v.+prep.)

因…怪罪,责怪(某人) consider sb responsible for sth bad
blame sb/sth for sth/v-ing
The other driver blamed me for the accident.

那个司机指责说事故责任在我。
I blamed George for the failure of the talks.

我为谈判失败责备乔治。
Don't keep blaming your little sister for your bad behaviour.

不要总是把你的不良行为怪在你的小妹妹身上。
Don't blame me for falling into the water; you pushed me in!

别怪我掉入了水中,是你把我推下去的!
Movies have been blamed for the crime wave.

电影因触发犯罪而受到非难。

blame on (v.+prep.)

把责任推给… place the guilt for sth wrong on sb
blame sth on sb/sth
Don't blame the crash on the pilot.

别把飞机坠毁一事归咎于飞行员。
He blamed the failure of their marriage on her.

他把他们的婚姻失败归咎于她。
You can't blame the rise in prices on the government.

你不能把物价上涨归咎于政府。
We cannot blame the accident on the weather.

我们不能把这起事故归咎于天气。

用作名词 (n.)

put the blame on〔upon〕

把责任推到(某人)身上 place the guilt for sth wrong on〔upon〕 (sb)

take〔bear〕 the blame

承担责任 say that you are the person who did sth wrong

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• blame the teacher 抱怨老师
• blame the weather 归咎于天气
• blame tools 抱怨工具

～+副词

• blame often 经常责备
• blame completely 彻底地责怪
• blame deservedly 有保留地责怪
• blame hastily 草率地责怪
• blame highly 备受指责
• blame morally 有教育意义地责备
• blame specifically 明确地责备
• blame unfairly 不公平地责备
• blame unjustly 错怪
• blame unthinkingly 不假思索地责怪

～+介词

• blame for 因为…而责怪
• blame for doing sth 因做了某事而责备
• blame sb for his negligence 责怪某人的怠慢
• blame sb for the failure 因失败而责怪于某人
• blame on〔upon〕 把…归咎于…

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• account for blame 说出责备的话
• accuse of blame 责备
• allocate blame 分担责备
• assume blame 承担责备
• attach blame 责怪
• avoid blame 避免责备
• bear the blame 受过
• bring blame 招来责备
• cast blame on 责任归于
• censure in blame 责备
• charge blame on 归罪于
• charge with blame 责备
• conceal blame 隐瞒责备
• deflect blame 歪曲罪责
• deserve blame 应受责备
• devise blame 设计罪责
• divide blame 分担责任
• expose to blame 揭露罪责
• free from blame 免于受责
• heap blame on 加罪于
• impute blame on 把罪责归于
• incur blame 招来责备
• lay blame on 把罪责推到…头上
• merit blame 应受责备
• put the blame on 归咎于
• reproach with blame 指责
• share blame 分担罪责
• shift blame 嫁祸于人
• shoulder the blame 承担责任
• stamp with blame 加罪于
• take the blame 承担罪责
• throw blame on 把过错推给
• trace blame 追究罪责
• vindicate blame 为罪责辩护

形容词+～

• complete blame 完全的责任
• deserved blame 该负的责任
• directed blame 直接的责任
• heavenly blame 神圣的责任
• high-repented blame 极其后悔的责备
• ill-placed blame 错怪
• moral blame 道德上的责备
• sinful blame 犯罪
• small blame 小错
• specific blame 特有的责怪
• undeserved blame 不该受到责备
• whole blame 全部责任
• worthy blame 值得责备

介词+～

• for blame 为…责备
• from blame 为…责备
• in blame 在…责备

词语用法

1. blame表示“责备”，不一定是责备的行为，可以是“在心理上责备某人”，而那个人却不知道你在责备他；
2. 表示“某人有过失”或“该受责备”时，常用to blame来表达，很少用被动格式to be blamed。 blame it on him表示blame him for it（因……责备某人），该结构比较少见。

   She is certainly to blame.
   她一定有过失。

v. (动词)

1. blame的基本意思是对于不端行为、过失、罪过等的“责备”,有时含斥责挑剔的意味,故也可译为“责怪”“责难”。
2. blame可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,可接表示人或事物的名词、代词作宾语。blame通常不接that引导的从句。blame表示被动意义时通常用主动形式，有时也可用被动形式。
3. blame用作不及物动词时,可接for表示责怪的原因; 接on则指“把责任推卸给某人”。
4. be to blame的意思是“该受惩罚(主动形式含有被动意义)”。这里be to是半助动词,加动词原形blame构成谓语。另外,其主语可以是人,不应是物。

n. (名词)

1. blame的基本意思是对做错的事或过失应负的责任。也可指对做错事的批评,非难或指责某人。
2. blame是不可数名词,没有复数形式。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

blame for, blame on

• 这两个短语的含义和用法都不相同。其区别是：
• 1.在含义上, blame for的意思是“责怪(某人)”; blame on的意思是“把责任推给…”。
• 2.在用法上, blame for用于blame sth for sb 句型; 而blame on用于blame sth on sb 句型。

blame for, throw up

• 二者均含有“因坏事而责备某人”的意思, throw up常用于美式英语中,而blame for常用于英式英语中。

blame, accuse, condemn, rebuke, scold

• 这组词都含有“骂”“责怪”的意思。其区别是：
• 1.前四个词均可指“有理由地骂〔责备〕某人”,而scold则不一定有充分的理由。例如:
• She is always scolding.她总是骂个不停。
• 2.blame指因出差错而受责备; condemn指某人有不好的行为而受责备; rebuke指因某人有不好的态度而责备; 而accuse多指因粗心、失信或不负责任而受指责,有时也作“控告”“谴责”解。例如:
• It's all my fault.I'm to blame.这都是我的错,都怪我。
• I did not condemn him for what he had done.我并没有因他的所作所为而指责他。
• She rebuked her lawyer for his authoritarian attitude to his clients.她指责她的律师对待委托人的命令式态度。
• They accused me of carelessness.他们指责我粗心大意。
• 3.accuse常用于accuse sb of sth结构；而blame常用于blame sb for sth结构。

blame，accuse，condemn，scold，denounce，reproach，rebuke

• 这些动词均含有“责备，非难”之意。
• blame普通用词，语气较弱，仅是一般的责难、归咎于，不含用语言责骂之意。
• accuse语气比blame强，本义为归罪，可用作指非难或谴责之义。
• condemn正式用词，表示谴责，有较强的司法意味，侧重从道义或原则上的谴责。
• scold普通用词，多指上级对下级、长辈对后辈或雇主对雇员的态度粗暴、言词激烈的数落。
• denounce与condemn同义，但着重公开性。
• reproach侧重指因他人粗心、自私等引起不满而去指责、找岔。
• rebuke多指上级对下级进行的公开、强烈、严正而不宽容的责备。隐含一定权威的意味。

常见错误

n. (名词)

1. 我不认为那护士该受责备。

   误 I don't think it was the nurse's blame.

   正 I don't think it was the nurse's fault.

   析 one's blame表示“责备…”,不表示“受责备”。

词源解说

• ☆ 1200年左右进入英语，直接源自古法语的blasmer，意为反驳，责骂；最初源自后期拉丁语的blasphemare，意为攻击，责备。

近反义词

【近义词】

• condemn
• criticize

【反义词】

• credit
• honor