temper

英 ['tempə(r)] 美 ['tempər]

• n. 脾气；性情
• vt. 使缓和；调和；锻炼

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C]脾气,性情,心境

   the usual state of your feelings which makes you become angry easily or stay calm

2. [S][U]〈非正〉恶劣的心情,暴躁

   an angry impatient, or bad state of mind

3. [U]韧度

   degree of hardness and elasticity of a tempered metal

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 情绪，脾气，性情，心情
2. 韧度，坚韧性
3. 【冶】回火
4. 怒气，暴躁，火气，阵怒
5. 特征
6. 倾向，趋势
7. 质地
8. 勇气
9. 冷静，沉着

v. 动词

1. 使缓和
2. 使适中，使温和，使软化
3. 锻炼
4. 调和，捏和，揉和
5. 【冶】（使）回火；经回火后具有适当的韧度
6. 使变淡
7. 【音】给（乐器）调音，调音
8. 调节，减轻，镇定
9. 变柔软
10. 硬化（玻璃）
11. 淬火
12. 使坚韧
13. 使适合，使适用
14. (以适当比例)混合

英英释义

Noun:

1. a sudden outburst of anger;

   "his temper sparked like damp firewood"
   

2. a characteristic (habitual or relatively temporary) state of feeling;

   "whether he praised or cursed me depended on his temper at the time"
   "he was in a bad humor"
   

3. a disposition to exhibit uncontrolled anger;

   "his temper was well known to all his employees"
   

4. the elasticity and hardness of a metal object; its ability to absorb considerable energy before cracking

Verb:

1. bring to a desired consistency, texture, or hardness by a process of gradually heating and cooling;

   "temper glass"
   

2. harden by reheating and cooling in oil;

   "temper steel"
   

3. adjust the pitch (of pianos)

4. make more temperate, acceptable, or suitable by adding something else; moderate;

   "she tempered her criticism"
   

5. restrain

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. He slammed the door in a temper.
   他生气地摔门。
2. You should learn to keep your temper under control.
   你应该学会控制自己的脾气。
3. They are of congenial temper.
   他们的性情相投。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. If you temper criticism with reason,everyone can obey you.
   如果以说理来缓和批评，谁都会服从你。
2. Mary tried to temper her father's anger with soothing words .
   玛丽力图用温柔的话语来平息他父亲的怒气。
3. Short of being able to prove he's completely negligent, all we can do is our best to temper his actions.
   除了证明他在监护上的完全疏忽，我们只能尽最大努力调和他的行为。
4. Difficult circumstances can temper one's will.
   艰苦的环境能磨练人的意志。
5. He decided to temper himself in grass-roots unit.
   他已经决定到基层去锻炼。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. She has a naturally sweet temper.
   她生性和蔼可亲。
2. He had a sudden fit of temper and threw a glass vase at her.
   他突然大发雷霆,举起一个玻璃花瓶朝她砸去。
3. He flew into a temper, just because I was a few minutes late.
   仅仅因为我晚到了几分钟,他就大动肝火。
4. The temper of the steel is right.
   这钢的韧度正合适。

经典引文

• For the curing and keeping in temper of the body.

  出自： J. Lyly

• As wine is tempered with water, so let discretion temper zeale.

  出自： Henry Smith

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

in a (bad, rotten, etc.) temper

发怒,发脾气angry

keep〔lose〕 one's temper

忍住〔发〕脾气succeed〔fail〕 in controlling one's anger

out of temper

发火的,发怒的angry

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• fly〔get, go〕 into a temper 发脾气
• keep〔control, hold〕 one's temper 忍住不发脾气

形容词+～

• calm〔even〕 temper 平和的性情
• good〔bad〕 temper 好〔坏〕心情

介词+～

• in a temper 闹脾气,生气
• a fit of temper 一阵脾气

词义辨析

n. (名词)

temper, character, disposition, nature, personality

• 就组词意义相近。personality指日常表现出来的“性格”; character作“性格”解,指一个人真正的根深蒂固的、永久具有的内在的本质; disposition意为“性癖”,强调一个人对其周围的生活所表现的一贯的态度; nature指天生的、无法改变的性格或品质，有时也指“脾气”; temper可作“脾气”解,指心境的好坏。

temper，character，nature，personality，disposition，complexion

• 这些名词均有“性格、气质、性情、习性”之意。
• temper指从感情方面体现出来，决定处理问题或应付形势的方式的性格或性情，这种性情可以是暂时的也可以长久的。
• character指对个性或人格所作出的客观评价，常常与道德有关。
• nature指其天性。
• personality主要指个性。
• disposition书面用词，指人的主要爱好或思想、精神方面的重要习性、气质。也可指短暂的情绪。
• complexion指由思维方式、态度和情绪所决定的本质特征。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自晚期古英语的temprian，意为使适度；最初源自拉丁语的temperare，意为适度的。

近反义词

【近义词】

• feeling
• mood

【反义词】

• intensify 增强