stone

英 [stəʊn] 美 [stoʊn]

• n. 【U】石料
• n. 【C】石头；宝石；(水果的)硬核
• n. 英石(重量单位；合14磅)
• vt. 向 ... 扔石头；去掉(水果的)核

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C] 石头,石块,石子

   a piece of rock, especially not very large, either of natural shape or cut out specially for building

2. [U] 矿石,石料

   solid mineral material, a type of rock

3. [C] 宝石

   jewel or gem

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 石，石头，石块
2. 宝石
3. 石碑，纪念碑，界碑
4. 果核
5. 墓石
6. 石料，石材
7. 磨（刀）石
8. 【医】结石
9. 冰雹
10. 铺石
11. 斯通（音译名）
12. 里程碑

adj. 形容词

1. 石的，石制的，石质的
2. 非常硬的
3. 完全的，彻底的

adv. 副词

1. 完全地
2. （用于复合词）全然地
3. 如石头地

v. 动词

1. 用石头砸（死）
2. 用石头铺， 用石头砌
3. 用石头磨（刀），用石头磨光（皮革）
4. 向…扔石头
5. 除去核
6. 除去...处的石头
7. 拿石头围住
8. 堆（石头）
9. 筑（石墙）

英英释义

Noun:

1. a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter;

   "he threw a rock at me"
   

2. building material consisting of a piece of rock hewn in a definite shape for a special purpose;

   "he wanted a special stone to mark the site"
   

3. material consisting of the aggregate of minerals like those making up the Earth's crust;

   "that mountain is solid rock"
   "stone is abundant in New England and there are many quarries"
   

4. a crystalline rock that can be cut and polished for jewelry;

   "he had the gem set in a ring for his wife"
   "she had jewels made of all the rarest stones"
   

5. an avoirdupois unit used to measure the weight of a human body; equal to 14 pounds;

   "a heavy chap who must have weighed more than twenty stone"
   

6. the hard inner (usually woody) layer of the pericarp of some fruits (as peaches or plums or cherries or olives) that contains the seed;

   "you should remove the stones from prunes before cooking"
   

7. United States jurist who was named chief justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1941 by Franklin D. Roosevelt (1872-1946)

8. United States filmmaker (born in 1946)

9. United States feminist and suffragist (1818-1893)

10. United States journalist who advocated liberal causes (1907-1989)

11. United States jurist who served on the United States Supreme Court as chief justice (1872-1946)

12. United States architect (1902-1978)

13. a lack of feeling or expression or movement;

    "he must have a heart of stone"
    "her face was as hard as stone"
    

Adjective:

1. of any of various dull tannish or grey colors

Verb:

1. kill by throwing stones at;

   "People wanted to stone the woman who had a child out of wedlock"
   

2. remove the pits from;

   "pit plums and cherries"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. The brick house was faced with stone.
   这座砖房石料贴面。

用作名词 (n.)

1. The inscription on the stone had worn away.
   刻在石头上的文字已磨损了。
2. The beetle scurried away when I lifted the stone.
   我把石头搬起来时，那只甲虫跑了。
3. A diamond ring with five stones is quite expensive.
   镶有五颗宝石的钻戒十分昂贵。
4. There is a stone in the middle of a peach.
   桃子的中心有一个核。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. A mob stoned and robbed the shops.
   一群暴民用石头砸了商店，并抢劫店里的货物。
2. The criminal was stoned to death.
   罪犯被人们用石头砸死。
3. She washed and stoned the cherries.
   她把樱桃洗净并去核。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. The soil is full of stones.
   这土里有很多碎石。
2. He threw a stone at the dog.
   他向狗掷了一块石头。
3. The aircraft's engine failed and it dropped like a stone.
   飞机的发动机失灵了,结果飞机像石头一样直直地掉了下来。
4. Small stones rolled down the hillside as they ran up.
   他们跑上山坡,同时有些小石子滚了下来。
5. She picked up the stone and threw it into the river.
   她捡起那块石头扔进河里。
6. What type of stone is this?
   这是什么石头?
7. The worshippers were buried under a mountain of stone.
   香客们被葬在石堆的下面。
8. A rolling stone gathers no moss.
   滚石不生苔。
9. She has a ring set with five stones.
   她有一个镶有五颗宝石的戒指。
10. His house was built of stone.
    他的房子是石料造的。
11. In early times men made tools out of stone.
    在远古时期,人们用石头来制造工具。
12. The wall was of concrete, faced with stone.
    这墙是用混凝土建的,表面贴了一层石料。
13. There is a stone bridge.
    那儿有一座石桥。
14. He has a heart of stone.
    他有一颗铁石心肠。

经典引文

• I..sat down on a stone at the foot of the telegraph-pole.

  出自： H. D. Thoreau

• The shallow streamlet came tumbling picturesquely over gray stones.

  出自： M. E. Braddon

• I..dislodged a stone with my foot. Underneath was a toad.

  出自： P. Sayer

• A rolling stone gathers no moss.

  出自：Proverb

• The guilty man was accordingly stoned.

  出自： A. Mason

• Some boys were stoning the guava trees for fruit.

  出自： C. Phillips

• A police van hit a lamp post after it was stoned by 30 youths.

  出自：Sun

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

cast the first stone

攻击,非难 attack

kill two birds with one stone

一举两得 get two good results from one action

leave no stone unturned

千方百计 do everything one can especially to find or obtain sth

throw the first stone at

非难,指责 attack

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• break stones 敲碎石子,陷于贫困
• carry stone 运石头
• cut a stone 切石块,凿石头
• dress building stone 修琢建筑石料
• erect a stone 立界碑,立纪念碑
• lay a corner stone 铺奠基石
• remove a stone 搬走石块
• roll stone 滚石
• set a precious stone 镶嵌宝石
• work the stone 加工石料
• cast the first stone 首先攻击
• give a stone for bread 帮忙是假,愚弄是真

形容词+～

• dangerous stone 危险的石块
• hard stone 坚硬的石头
• heavy stone 沉重的石块
• large stone 大块石头
• light stone 轻石块
• pointed stone 带尖的石头
• precious stone 宝石
• rolling stone 滚石

名词+～

• building stone 建筑石料
• cherry stone 樱桃核
• corner stone 基石
• foundation stone 奠基石
• mile stone 里程碑
• mill stone 磨石
• sand stone 沙石

～+名词

• stone block 石块
• stone statue 石雕像
• stone's throw 近处,近在咫尺,一箭之遥

介词+～

• a pile of stones 一堆石头
• heart of stone 铁石心肠
• wall of stone 石壁
• kill two birds with one stone 一箭双雕

词语用法

n. (名词)

1. stone作可数名词时,基本意思是“石头,石块,石子,碎石”,指小块的石头,有时还可表示“宝石,钻石”,引申可表示“无情”,指人铁石心肠。
2. stone还可作“石料”解,是不可数名词。
3. 表示“一块石头”用a stone或a piece of stone都可以。
4. stone还可作定语,译为“石的,石制的”。
5. stone在表示抽象意义时,无复数形式。

词义辨析

n. (名词)

stone, rock

• 这两个词都可表示“石头”。其区别是：
• stone指体积较小的天然石块; rock指体积巨大的天然石块。例如:
• The wall is made of stone.这堵墙是石头块砌成的。
• He built his house on rock.他在岩石上建起了房子。

stones, jewel, jewellery

• 这三个词都可表示“宝石”。其区别是：
• stones常为珠宝商们所使用,指用作饰物的各类矿物石,无论是原状的,还是被切割磨光的; jewel表示珍贵的宝石,指经过了切磨、磨光的; jewellery是“珠宝”的总称,意思范围较广,可指珍贵的宝石,也可指价值不大的仿造钻石。例如:
• He is a jewel thief.他是个珠宝大盗。
• Her jewellery was insured for one million dollars.她的珠宝保险价为100万美元。

jewel，jewellery，stone，gem

• 这些名词均有“宝石”之意。
• jewel多指贵重的宝石，是经过切削打磨，通常镶嵌在胸针、项链或其它装饰物上的玉。
• jewellery是珠宝的总称，泛指各类珠宝，既指佩带的或衣服上的珠宝饰物，又指用普通金属、塑料或假宝石制作的装饰物。
• stone特别强调稀少罕见或值钱的矿物。
• gem指经切割、磨光的宝石，引申指珍品、佳作。

rock，stone，gravel，pebble

• 这些名词均含“石、石头”之意。
• rock普通用词，指构成地表最坚硬部分或突出于周围地面的巨大岩石，也可指石头或石块。
• stone普通用词，泛指井然的或经加工的各类石头，可大可小。
• gravel集合名词，常指用于铺路的小石子和沙砾。
• pebble多指海边、河边或沙中圆形的小卵石。

常见错误

n. (名词)

1. 大理石是一种珍贵的石料。

   误 Marble is precious stone.

   正 Marble is a precious stone.

   析 stone作“石料”解时为物质名词,不可数,但stone前面可加不定冠词a,表示“一种”。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的stan，意为石块。

近反义词

【近义词】

• boulder
• cobble
• pebble
• rock

派生词

n.(名词)

• stony adj. 多石头的;冷酷的；无情的‖stonily adv. 冷酷地；无情地‖stoniness n. 冷酷；无情