steel

英 [stiːl] 美 [stiːl]

• n. 钢铁；钢制品；钢铁般的性质
• vt. 使坚强；使 ... 硬如钢；使下定决心
• adj. 钢的；坚强的

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [U] 钢,钢铁

   a metal consisting of iron in a hard strong form containing some carbon and sometimes other metals, and used in building materials, cutting tools, machines, etc.

v. (动词)

1. vt. 使坚强,使坚定

   make (especially oneself) hard, unfeeling, or determined

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 钢铁工业
2. 钢，钢铁
3. 坚固，坚硬
4. 钢铁公司股票
5. 坚强
6. 冷酷
7. 钢铁制品，钢制品
8. 刀，剑
9. 打火镰
10. 松紧钢条
11. 钢磨
12. 剃刀，小刀
13. 钢骨

adj. 形容词

1. 钢铁业的
2. 钢制的，钢的
3. 钢铁般的，坚强的，钢一样的
4. 搀有钢的
5. 坚硬的
6. 冷酷的
7. 坚强的

v. 动词

1. 钢化
2. 使像钢，使像钢铁一般
3. 使冷酷
4. <俚>用刀戳
5. 使坚强
6. 给…包上钢，用钢包上
7. 使下决心，狠下心来
8. 用钢作刃口，用钢作…的刀口
9. 锤炼，锻炼
10. 刺杀
11. 准备对付，下决心应付
12. 使坚硬 ，使 ... 硬如钢

英英释义

Noun:

1. an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction; mechanical properties can be varied over a wide range

2. a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

3. knife sharpener consisting of a ridged steel rod

Verb:

1. get ready for something difficult or unpleasant

2. cover, plate, or edge with steel

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. The doctor inserted a steel plate into his damaged leg.
   医生在他受伤的腿中植入了一块钢板。
2. The output value of iron and steel makes up one quarter of the country's national income.
   钢铁制品创造的产值占据了国民收入的四分之一。
3. He is a man of steel who has experienced a lot of wars.
   他是一个经历过许多战争、有着钢铁般意志的男人。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. You should steel yourself against failure .
   面对失败,你应该坚强起来。
2. He can steel himself against any blow now.
   现在他磨练得能经受住任何打击了。
3. He steeled himself to tell her about her father's death.
   他硬起心肠把她父亲的死讯告诉了她。

用作形容词 (adj.)

1. The profits of the steel industry have fallen due to the measures of trade protectionism taken by that country.
   由于那国采取的贸易保护主义措施,钢铁业的利润有所下降。
2. He gave me a steel grip while I tried to console him.
   当我试着去安慰他时,他坚强地握住我的手。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. Hot steel is quenched to harden it.
   烧热的钢放入水中骤冷使之坚硬。
2. Fingers like prongs of steel dug into his throat.
   钢叉似的指头掐住了他的喉管。
3. A bayonet blade is forged from the finest steel.
   刺刀刃是用最优质的钢锻造的。
4. Most tools are made from steel.
   大多数工具是由钢做的。
5. The various steels produced are processed to meet the international standards.
   所生产的各种钢材经过加工使之符合国际标准。
6. Carbon steels exist in three stable crystalline phases.
   碳素钢含有3种稳定的结晶状态。
7. She has a heart of steel.
   她是铁石心肠的人。
8. He held my arm with a grip of steel.
   他紧紧抓住我的胳膊。
9. The brave soldier had nerves of steel.
   那个勇敢的士兵很有胆量。
10. You must have nerves of steel to be able to climb up that tall chimney.
    你必须具有超人的胆量和勇气,才能爬上那个高烟囱。
11. “I have made up my mind,”he said with steel in his voice.
    “我已经打定主意了,”他坚定地说。
12. They fought with cold steel.
    他们进行白刃战。
13. The enemy may have recourse to steel instead of poison.
    敌人可能用凶器来取代放毒。
14. Give the enemy a taste of cold steel!
    让敌人尝尝刀剑的厉害!
15. The knight plunged his steel into the bandit's throat.
    那位骑士把剑刺进了匪徒的咽喉。
16. Last year these steel plants achieved a 10 per cent increase over 1976.
    去年这些钢铁厂比1976年增产10%。
17. We have succeeded in bending the thick steel plates.
    我们终于把这些厚钢板弄弯了。
18. In the steel plate five holes were drilled an inch apart.
    在这块钢板上钻了五个相距一英寸的孔。
19. In that country, steel output dropped further this year.
    在那个国家,钢产量今年进一步下降了。
20. They expected steel production to reach 20 million tons.
    他们预计钢产量将达到两千万吨。
21. The government has been pouring money into the steel industry recently.
    政府近来一直把大笔资金投入到钢铁产业中。
22. The prisoner had filed through the steel bars and escaped.
    那囚犯锉断钢条逃跑了。
23. The heavy steel doors mocked the attempts of the thieves to open the safe.
    厚重的铁门使盗贼开启保险箱的企图无法得逞。

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. It is difficult to steel the razor.
   把剃刀钢化不太容易。
2. They settled down in the countryside to steel their wills.
   他们到农村安家落户以锻炼自己的意志。
3. I'm afraid I have bad news for you, so steel yourself.
   很抱歉,有坏消息告诉你,你得坚强些。

S+～+ n./pron. +to- v

1. You should steel your heart to take things as they come.
   你应该硬起心肠,顺其自然。
2. He steeled himself to tell her about her father's death.
   他硬起心肠把她父亲的死讯告诉了她。
3. He steeled himself to go in and say he was wrong.
   他硬着头皮进去道歉。
4. He steeled himself to meet the attacks.
   他使自己坚强起来去迎接一次次攻击。
5. She steeled herself to go in and say good-bye to her mother.
   她抑制住感情进去和妈妈告别。

经典引文

• About 80 per cent of steel in Britain is made by the open hearth process.

  出自： A. H. Cottrell

• Olive had..a sense of real heroism in steeling herself against uneasiness.

  出自： H. James

• He was dangerously near to converting me to righteousness but..I steeled my heart.

  出自： E. Waugh

• Citizens will probably steel themselves for a further levy.

  出自：Scotsman

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

steel against (v.+prep.)

使坚强起来以抗御或承受(某事) prepare, as by hardening (oneself, one's heart, etc.) to oppose or face (sth)
steel sth/oneself against sth
It helps if you can steel yourself against failure.

如果在失败时你能坚强些,那会有益处的。
She had to steel her heart against pity.

她须硬起心肠以顶住怜悯之情。

steel for (v.+prep.)

使…作好思想准备以对付(某事)或进行(某事) prepare (usually oneself) mentally to deal with (sth expected) or do (sth)
steel oneself for sth
Our men must steel themselves for further attack.

我们的战士要为再次受到攻击作好思想准备。
He steeled himself for the blow.

他使自己坚强起来,经得起打击。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• export steel 出口钢材
• import steel 进口钢材
• make steel 炼钢,生产钢材
• manufacture steel 生产钢材
• need steel 需要钢材
• produce steel 生产钢铁
• roll steel 轧钢
• save steel 节省钢材
• temper steel 炼钢
• turn out steel 生产钢材
• use steel 使用钢材
• waste steel 浪费钢材

形容词+～

• carbonic steel 碳钢
• cold steel 利器(指刀、剑等)
• hard steel 硬钢

名词+～

• medium carbon steel 中碳钢
• sheet steel 薄钢板
• tool steel 工具钢

～+名词

• steel cable 钢丝绳
• steel knife 钢刀
• steel mill 钢铁厂
• steel plate 钢板
• steel work 钢制品
• steel works 钢铁厂

介词+～

• a bar of steel 钢条
• a heart of steel 铁石心肠
• a heat of steel 一炉钢
• a sheet of steel 钢片
• a strip of steel 钢条(片)

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• steel the razor 钢化剃刀
• steel wills 锻炼意志

～+副词

• steel bravely 勇敢地使坚强
• steel cleverly 机敏地使坚强
• steel coolly 冷静地使坚强
• steel safely 有把握地使坚强
• steel unexpectedly 出乎意外地使坚强

～+介词

• steel against 使坚强起来以抗御或承受(某事)
• steel for 使…作好思想准备以对付(某事)或进行(某事)

词语用法

n. (名词)

1. steel是物质名词,不可数; 指“不同种类的钢”时,可用复数形式。steel引申可作“钢铁般的坚强,坚硬,决心”等。
2. steel在作“钢制的武器或兵器”解时,是不可数名词。
3. steel可放在其他名词前作定语。

v. (动词)

1. steel用作动词的意思是“钢化”“使坚硬”“使坚强”,是及物动词。常接oneself作宾语,表示“使自己振作起来,使自己坚强起来”。
2. steel也可接介词against或for引导的短语,表示“使自己坚强起来能承受(打击等)”。steel还可接动词不定式作目的状语。

词义辨析

n. (名词)

下面两个短语意思不同:

• a steel work
• 钢制品
• a steel works
• 钢铁厂

v. (动词)

steel, embolden, encourage

• 这组词都有“刺激,鼓舞”的意思。其区别在于:
• 1.encourage是指对意志薄弱的人或缺乏经验的人加以“鼓舞,鼓励”等,其宾语后面可接带to的动词不定式,也可接介词in＋名词短语。
• 2.embolden指给人壮胆,强调给予足够的勇气去做想做的事。例如:
• She smiled and this emboldened him to speak to her.她微微一笑,这使他壮起胆来跟她说话。
• 3.steel强调变得坚强、坚定或冷酷,能忍受疼痛、苦难或侮辱等。例如:
• He steeled himself to tell her about her father's death.他硬起了心肠把她父亲的死讯告诉了她。

常见错误

n. (名词)

1. 人们提到鞍山就联想到钢铁。

   误 People connect Anshan with steel and iron.

   正 People connect Anshan with iron and steel.

   析 汉语说“钢铁”,而英语则习惯说iron and steel。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的styled；最初源自西日耳曼语的stakhlijan，意为像钢铁一样坚硬。

近反义词

【近义词】

• iron
• embolden
• encourage

派生词

v.(动词)

• steely adj. 钢铁般的,似钢铁的