sober

英 ['səʊbə(r)] 美 ['soʊbər]

• adj. 清醒的；稳重的；沉着冷静的；颜色暗淡的
• vt. 使清醒；使沉着
• vi. 清醒；冷静下来

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 严肃; 镇定

   make or become sober

2. vt. & vi. (使)清醒

   make sb avoid drunkness; recover from too much alcoholic drink

详尽释义

adj. 形容词

1. 严肃的，庄重的，庄严的
2. 冷静的，镇静的
3. 清醒的，没喝醉的，不过量饮酒的
4. 朴素的，素净的，朴实的
5. 认真的，审慎的
6. 稳重的，持重的
7. 节酒的
8. 饮食有节制的
9. 非极端的
10. 非想像的
11. 不夸张的

n. 名词

1. 清醒乐队，一支来自中国的摇滚乐队

v. 动词

1. 使清醒；使醒酒
2. 使冷静；使严肃；使持重；使自制
3. 醒酒；清醒起来
4. 变得冷静；变得严肃；变得持重；自制
5. 变认真
6. 使认真
7. 使忧郁

英英释义

Adjective:

1. not affected by a chemical substance (especially alcohol)

2. dignified and somber in manner or character and committed to keeping promises;

   "a grave God-fearing man"
   "a quiet sedate nature"
   "as sober as a judge"
   "a solemn promise"
   "the judge was solemn as he pronounced sentence"
   

3. lacking brightness or color; dull;

   "drab faded curtains"
   "sober Puritan grey"
   "children in somber brown clothes"
   

4. completely lacking in playfulness

Verb:

1. cause to become sober;

   "A sobering thought"
   

2. become more realistic;

   "After thinking about the potential consequences of his plan, he sobered up"
   

3. become sober after excessive alcohol consumption;

   "Keep him in bed until he sobers up"
   

例句

用作形容词 (adj.)

1. He was tipsy yesterday , but now is sober.
   他昨天醉醺醺的,但现在是清醒的。
2. We should make a sober estimate of the situation.
   我们对形势要有清醒的估计。
3. He is a very sober and hard-working young man.
   他是一个非常稳重而勤奋的年轻人。
4. He talked with us in a sober and friendly fashion.
   他以冷静而友好的方式同我们交谈。
5. He wore a sober suit that befitted the occasion.
   他穿著一套与那样的场合相称的素净衣服。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. He drank a cup of strong tea to sober himself up.
   他喝下一杯浓茶以使自己清醒过来。
2. The glorious sunset seemed to sober him down gradually.
   绚丽的日落使他渐渐地平静了下来。

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

1. He sobered up quickly when he heard the terrible news.
   他听到这个坏消息，马上就清醒过来了。
2. The patient needs some sedatives to sober down.
   那个病人需要一些镇定剂使自己镇静下来。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. The bad news sobered all of us.
   那坏消息使我们严肃认真起来。
2. The voice of our dean sobered him a little.
   主任的声音使他平静了一些。
3. Who would like to sober the children?
   谁愿意去让孩子们安静下来?

经典引文

• He felt perfectly sober, but technically he was far over the legal alcohol limit.

  出自： A. Alvarez

• The sobering experiences of the Boer War.

  出自： D. Fraser

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

sober down (v.+adv.)

(使)清醒起来,冷静下来 (cause to) become less excited
sober down
The class sobered down as the teacher came into the room.

老师走进了教室,全班就安静了下来。
Please sober down a bit; I've got some important news for you.

请冷静,我有重要消息要告诉你。 sober sb ⇔ down
I suppose one bad crash and two near misses would sober most people down.

我想,一次撞车和两次险些相撞会使大多数人严肃起来。
You must find a way to sober the children down.

你想个办法让孩子们平静下来。

sober up (v.+adv.)

(使)醒酒,(使)清醒 (cause to) cease being drunk
sober up
The offender apologized when he sobered up.

冒犯者醒酒后道了歉。
He will sober up after a nap.

睡一会儿他就会清醒过来的。 sober sb ⇔ up
Throw a pail of water over him, that will sober him up.

给他浇一桶水,这会使他醒过来的。
The shock will sober her up.

这次打击会使她清醒过来的。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• sober children 使孩子们静下来
• sober crowd 使人群静下来
• sober students 使学生静下来

～+副词

• sober extremely 极度严肃
• sober moderately 适度地严肃
• sober occasionally〔uncommonly,unusually〕 非常清醒
• sober thoughtfully 彻底地清醒
• sober down 清醒
• sober up 醒酒

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. sober的基本意思是节制饮食,专指不醉酒,可指在特定场合〔时间〕不醉酒,也可指习惯性的不醉酒。引申可指在紧张、兴奋的情况下所表现出的头脑冷静、沉着和不受感情、偏见、恐惧或其他不合情理的行为的影响而处于冷静状态。
2. sober可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,主要接人作宾语。
3. 表示“(使)醒酒”,常说sober up; 表示“(使)清醒”,常说sober down。

近反义词

【近义词】

• moderate 适度的
• temperate 温和的
• serious 严肃的
• somber 微暗的
• sombre 昏暗的
• solemn 庄严的
• abstemious 有节制的
• clear-headed 头脑清楚的
• drab 土褐色的
• teetotal 绝对禁酒的
• restrained 克制的
• thoughtful 深思的
• dull 呆滞的
• dreary 沉闷的
• plain 清楚的
• sensible 明智的
• calm 平静的
• sound 声音
• reasonable 合理的
• mild 温和的
• unintoxicating [法] 不醉人的, 不会...
• realistic 现实的
• grave 坟墓
• drunken 常醉的
• sober up 清醒起来
• sedate 安静的
• unplayful 严肃的

【反义词】

• intoxicated 喝醉的