shelter

英 ['ʃeltə(r)] 美 ['ʃeltər]

• n. 避难所；庇护；庇护所
• v. 保护；隐匿；庇护

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [U] 遮蔽; 保护

   being safe from bad weather or danger

2. [C] 避难所; 庇护所

   a place which is safe from bad weather or danger

v. (动词)

1. vt. 保护

   give shelter to; protect

2. vt. & vi. 隐匿

   take shelter

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 避难所，庇护所，避身之处
2. 躲避处，隐藏所，掩避室
3. 遮蔽；保护
4. 遮蔽物，遮盖物
5. 掩蔽部
6. 庇护者
7. 掩护物
8. 百叶箱
9. 防空洞

v. 动词

1. 躲避
2. 保护，庇护，包庇
3. 掩蔽，遮蔽
4. 隐匿，隐蔽，隐遁
5. 避难
6. 掩护
7. 栖身
8. 挡住

英英释义

Noun:

1. a structure that provides privacy and protection from danger

2. protective covering that provides protection from the weather

3. the condition of being protected;

   "they were huddled together for protection"
   "he enjoyed a sense of peace and protection in his new home"
   

4. a way of organizing business to reduce the taxes it must pay on current earnings

5. temporary housing for homeless or displaced persons

Verb:

1. provide shelter for;

   "After the earthquake, the government could not provide shelter for the thousands of homeless people"
   

2. invest (money) so that it is not taxable

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. The refugees' main requirements are food and shelter.
   难民的主要必需品是食物和住所。
2. In the storm I took shelter under the tree.
   暴风雨时，我正在树下躲避。
3. The spectators scuttled for shelter when it began to rain.
   一下起雨来，观众就纷纷找地方躲避。
4. People were scrambling madly for shelter.
   人们疯了似的抢着往隐蔽处跑。

用作动词 (v.)

1. These plants must be sheltered from direct sunlight.
   这种植物必须遮起来，免受阳光直射。
2. This cave served as a hideout for a bearded seal seeking shelter from the harsh Arctic climate.
   这个洞窟被髯海豹用来作为躲避严酷的北极气候的隐匿之所。
3. You can't shelter your brother from blame in the accident.
   你不可以庇护你的兄弟，使其免受事故的责难。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. We took shelter from the rain in a cave.
   我们在一个山洞里避雨。
2. Trees are a shelter from the sun.
   树木可以遮挡阳光。

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. We sheltered under a tree until the shower passed.
   我们在树底下躲雨,直到雨过天晴。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. He sheltered himself behind a hedge.
   他躲在树篱后面。
2. The government was sheltering the homeless.
   政府正在收容无家可归者。
3. Many southerners sheltered runaway slaves during the Civil War.
   南北战争之时,许多南方人保护过逃跑的奴隶。

经典引文

• A covered shelter..to which the mothers and children could retire on showery..evenings.

  出自： A. P. Herbert

• The storms of the law may drive men to the shelter of the gospel.

  出自： fig.

• The vendor..made use of the act for sheltering fraud.

  出自： W. Cruise

• A..centre that shelters battered women.

  出自：Times

• No trees then sheltered the building.

  出自： R. Fraser

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

shelter from (v.+prep.)

掩护,保护 protect sb from sth or doing sth harmful
shelter from sth
They huddled in the shop doorway to shelter from the rain.

他们挤在商店门口躲雨。
The climbers had to shelter from the snowstorm in a mountain hut.

登山队员不得不在山中的一个小棚中躲避暴风雪。 shelter sb/sth from sth/v-ing
You can't shelter your brother from blame in the accident.

在这次事故中,你无法庇护你的弟弟免受责备。
He is trying to shelter his boss from criticism.

他极力为老板顶住外界的批评。
The wall sheltered the soldiers from gunfire.

这堵墙挡住了攻击士兵的炮火。
He tried to shelter his friend from knowing of his father's death, but he was too late.

他企图不让他的朋友知道他的父亲去世的消息,可为时已晚。
This woollen hat is to shelter your face from the bitter cold.

这顶羊毛帽可使你的脸不受冻。
The trees shelter the house from the wind.

树给房子挡风。
Is our country's industry sheltered from foreign competition?

我国的工业在与外国竞争时是否有足够的保障?
These plants must be sheltered from direct sunlight.

必须使这些植物不受阳光照射。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• afford〔furnish, give, offer, provide〕 shelter 给予庇护
• find shelter in 在…里躲避
• form a shelter 构成掩体〔隐蔽物〕
• seek〔take〕 shelter 寻求〔得到〕庇护

形容词+～

• dangerous〔good, perfect〕 shelter 危险〔良好,完美〕的隐蔽处
• safe shelter 安全的避难所
• temporary shelter 暂时的庇护

名词+～

• bus shelter 公共汽车亭
• tax shelter 减免所得税的合法手段

介词+～

• under the shelter of 在…的庇护下

～+介词

• a shelter from the sun 躲避阳光的地方

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• shelter eyes 遮护眼睛
• shelter the homeless 收容无家可归者
• shelter runaway slaves 保护逃跑的奴隶

～+副词

• shelter faithfully 忠心保护
• shelter gratefully 感激地保护
• shelter paternally 慈爱地保护
• shelter off wind 挡风

～+介词

• shelter against〔from〕 掩护〔保护,庇护…〕使不受…
• shelter behind 躲在…后面
• shelter behind sb else 躲在别人背后
• shelter by hills 有山挡住
• shelter sb from blame 庇护某人不受责骂
• shelter the soldiers from gunfire 使士兵免受炮火的攻击
• shelter from the rain 避雨
• shelter from sunlight 避光
• shelter from trouble 避开麻烦
• shelter from the wind 避风
• shelter oneself in 躲在…里面
• shelter oneself in a deserted house 在无人居住的屋中躲避
• shelter oneself under 躲在…下面
• shelter oneself under the eaves 在屋檐下躲避

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. shelter用作名词的意思是“遮蔽物”“庇护物”,用作动词指给某人〔物〕提供庇护处,尤指为被追踪者提供庇护的处所或逃跑的途径。
2. shelter主要用作及物动词,接名词、代词作宾语,可用于被动结构。
3. shelter偶尔也可用作不及物动词,意为“躲藏”。

词义辨析

n. (名词)

shelter, asylum

• 这组词都有“能躲避威胁或打扰的安全地方或状态”的意思。其区别是：
• asylum特指为躲避抓捕或掠劫的人提供庇护的避难所。shelter常指可以暂时受到保护、可防止有害的人或物侵犯的躲避处。

shelter, cover, protection, refuge

• 这组词都是指一处保护某人使不受袭击或伤害的地方,但含义有所不同:cover的意思是“隐蔽物”“躲避处”,是把事物隐藏起来以确保安全的保护物,它既可指野生动物找到的树丛等天然的躲避处,也可指阻挡袭击的物体、房屋等; protection的意思是“保护物”“保护”,在这组词中,它的词义最笼统,用途最广,可指任何阻挡伤害或破坏的事物; refuge和shelter都用以指无家可归的人能够得到照顾和施舍的地方。例如:
• Take cover in the barn as soon as you hear gun fire.
• 一听见枪声就躲进谷仓里吧。
• A strong defence system offers protection from sudden attack by the enemy.
• 坚固的防御系统提供保护以防备敌人 的突袭。
• The trees formed a shelter over our heads.
• 这些树成为我们的庇护所。
• He has found a refuge.
• 他已找到一个避难所。

v. (动词)

shelter, board, harbour, house, lodge, room

• 这组词用作动词时,都有“寄住”的意思。其区别是：
• 1.room指“给…提供一个房间住”,仅供睡觉,不包括餐饮与娱乐。
• 2.house指“遮蔽以免受气候等侵袭”(提供有顶盖、有墙、像房屋般的遮蔽)。例如:
• Many villagers volunteered to house the flood victims.许多村民自愿为水灾难民提供住处。
• 3.board主要指“提供膳宿; 包食宿”,而且通常指收费的。例如:
• My aunt boards holidaymakers during the summer.夏天我的姨母收费给度假的人提供膳宿。
• She arranged to board some Chinese students from the university.她安排了这所大学的一些中国学生在她家食宿。
• Mrs. Jones makes a living by boarding students.琼斯太太靠给学生们提供食宿为生。
• 4.shelter指“庇护,遮蔽”,暗示提供庇护场所,使人免受风雨、轰炸等伤害。例如:
• Many southerners sheltered runaway slaves during the Civil War.南北战争之时,许多南方人保护过逃跑的奴隶。
• You can't shelter your brother from blame in the accident.在这次事故中,你无法庇护你的弟弟免受责备。
• 5.lodge指“给某人提供一个地方暂住”。例如:
• They lodged the wanderers for the night.他们为流浪汉提供住宿。
• The motel lodges thirty people a night.汽车旅馆一夜可为30个人提供住宿。
• 6.harbour指“为…提供安身场所”,主要指通过不法的手段来“窝藏”,是一种违反法律的行为,常用作贬义词。例如:
• Harbouring criminals is an offence in law.窝藏罪犯是违法的。

defend，protect，safeguard，guard，shield，shelter，harbour

• 这些动词均有“保护、保卫”之意。
• defend普通用词，指用武力或其它措施使人或物不受损害，消除危险。用作比喻时，指坚持某种行动、决定或意见。
• protect普通用词，指用某种手段作为防御工具以防危险或伤害。
• safeguard语气强，指采取积极措施预防可能发生的一切攻击或危险。
• guard普通用词，指保持警惕以防可能的攻击或伤害。
• shield语气比protect强，但侧重防止迫在眉睫的攻击或伤害。
• shelter通常指寻找安全地方躲避风雨或使人免遭危害。
• harbour贬义词，指隐匿或非法保护、窝藏。

protection，refuge，shelter

• 这些名词均含“保护、掩蔽(部)、庇护(所)”之意。
• protection普通用词，指任何保护物。
• refuge指避难所。
• shelter趋向指临时性的。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自中古英语的sheltron，意为隐蔽处。

近反义词

【近义词】

• cover
• protection
• refuge
• safety
• security

【反义词】

• exposure