scale

英 [skeɪl] 美 [skeɪl]

• n. 刻度；等级，规模；音阶；量程；天枰，磅秤；鳞片，鳞状物
• v. 攀登；按比例决定；称重；刮鳞；剥落

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [P] 鱼鳞,鳞片

   any of the thin overlapping plates of hard material covering the skin of many fish and reptiles

2. [C] 鳞状物; 障眼物

   thing resembling this, especially a loose flake of diseased skin or eyes

3. [S] [U] 水垢,水锈

   a hard covering on the inside of pots, hot-water pipes, etc.

4. [C] 刻度,度数

   series of marks at regular distances for the purpose of measuring

5. [C] 比例(尺)

   relation between the actual size of sth and the map, diagram, etc. which represents it

6. [U] [C] 规模

   relative size, extent, etc.

7. [C] 等级,级别

   grade; rank

8. [C] 音阶

   an arrangement of notes in a system of music

9. [C] 记(数)法,…(进)法

   system of units for measuring

10. [P] 天平,磅秤

    balance or instrument for weighing

v. (动词)

1. vt. 攀登,爬

   climb up sth

2. vt. 刮去(鱼等)的鳞片

   remove the small flat hard pieces of skin from a fish

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 刻度，尺度，标度
2. 等级，级别， 等级体系
3. 规模
4. 磅秤，天平（盘）
5. 鳞（片）
6. 范围
7. 音阶
8. 程度
9. 水垢，水锈
10. 牙垢，牙石

v. 动词

1. 攀登， 到达…顶点
2. 去鳞，刮去...的鳞片
3. 刮除牙石
4. 改变…的大小
5. 减少（数量），缩小
6. 增大，扩大
7. 按重量把...分成均等部分
8. 重
9. 剥去...的介壳
10. 用缩尺绘制
11. 按比例排列
12. 依比例决定
13. 剥落
14. 用梯子爬上
15. 爬越
16. 变成梯子，成梯形
17. 逐步攀登，逐渐增高，逐步升高
18. 用秤称，把...过秤，称…的重量
19. 调节
20. 安排
21. 测量，量材积，估量，衡量

英英释义

Noun:

1. an ordered reference standard;

   "judging on a scale of 1 to 10"
   

2. relative magnitude;

   "they entertained on a grand scale"
   

3. the ratio between the size of something and a representation of it;

   "the scale of the map"
   "the scale of the model"
   

4. a specialized leaf or bract that protects a bud or catkin

5. a thin flake of dead epidermis shed from the surface of the skin

6. (music) a series of notes differing in pitch according to a specific scheme (usually within an octave)

7. a measuring instrument for weighing; shows amount of mass

8. an indicator having a graduated sequence of marks

9. a metal sheathing of uniform thickness (such as the shield attached to an artillery piece to protect the gunners)

10. a flattened rigid plate forming part of the body covering of many animals

Verb:

1. measure by or as if by a scale;

   "This bike scales only 25 pounds"
   

2. pattern, make, regulate, set, measure, or estimate according to some rate or standard

3. take by attacking with scaling ladders;

   "The troops scaled the walls of the fort"
   

4. reach the highest point of;

   "We scaled the Mont Blanc"
   

5. climb up by means of a ladder

6. remove the scales from;

   "scale fish"
   

7. measure with or as if with scales;

   "scale the gold"
   

8. size or measure according to a scale;

   "This model must be scaled down"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. How much does it read on the scale?
   刻度显示的是多少?
2. The force of the wind is measured on a standard scale of 0-12.
   风力是按0-12级标准等级测量的。
3. The fifth note of a scale is called a dominant.
   音阶的第五音被称为属音。

用作动词 (v.)

1. It takes courage and strength to scale these cliffs.
   攀登这些悬崖需要勇气和力量。
2. The company has begun to scale down its operations in Asia.
   这家公司已开始减少在亚洲的业务。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. Scales of skin peel off after scarlet fever.
   猩红热病愈后皮肤上的鳞屑就会脱落。
2. His explanations removed the scale from my eyes.
   他的解释使我看清了真相。
3. A scale of rust covered the steel plate.
   一层铁锈覆盖了钢板。
4. This ruler has only one scale in centimeters.
   这把尺只有厘米刻度。
5. The scale of this map is an inch to a mile.
   这张地图的比例尺是一英寸代表一英里。
6. He's in business on a small scale.
   他做的是小本生意。
7. For every year you've worked here you go up another step on the salary scale.
   你在这儿每工作一年,工资就会长一级。
8. His rapid ascent in the social scale was surprising.
   他的社会地位提高之迅速令人吃惊。
9. The butcher weighed the meat on the scales.
   肉贩用盘秤称肉。
10. He bears down on the scales at 276 pounds.
    他在磅秤上称的体重为276磅。

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. The boys soon scaled the wall.
   男孩很快就爬上了墙头。
2. They are determined to spare no efforts to scale the peaks in science and technology.
   他们决心全力攀登科技高峰。
3. You have to scale the fish before cooking it.
   你在烧鱼之前得刮去鳞片。

经典引文

• I weighed myself on her scales, and found I had lost weight.

  出自： C. Priest

• Providence..weighs the nations in an even scale.

  出自： fig.

• In the balancing of probabilities..the scales don't bump..either way.

  出自： J. Hilton

• The scales are weighed heavily against him.

  出自： W. R. Geddes

• An old green garden-seat with the paint peeling off in scales.

  出自： R. Firbank

• Its scale..surpassed that of any church..in England.

  出自： E. A. Freeman

• The..intervention of foreign troops on a major scale.

  出自： G. F. Kennan

• Our..wish to preserve the planet must..be reduced to the scale of our competence.

  出自：Harper's Magazine

• The..paint was scaling from the brick walls.

  出自： S. Bellow

• The highest pass in Europe..and..it seemed as if we were scaling heaven itself.

  出自： H. M. Field

• A prisoner had escaped by scaling the roof.

  出自： C. Morgan

• Cecil..never attained the literary heights which his brother so often scaled.

  出自： fig.

• By this, is..the corrupt deputy scaled.

  出自：Measure for Measure , Shakespeare

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

hang in the scales

悬而未决not decided

turn the scales

扭转局面cause to change situation

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• scrape the scales off a fish 刮鱼鳞
• diminish〔enlarge〕 the scale of 缩小〔扩大〕…的规模
• practice the scales 练音阶
• sing scale 吊嗓子
• hold the scale 裁判

形容词+～

• the adequate scale 适当的规模
• the calculating scale 计算尺
• the circular scale 刻度盘
• the decimal scale 十进位制
• the nationwide scale 全国范围

名词+～

• the pay〔salary, wage〕 scale 工资级别
• the union scale 工会会员的等级
• the world scale 全球规模
• the beam scale 杆秤
• the table scale 台秤

介词+～

• in a scale 在一定程度上
• on a scale of 按…的比例
• be drawn to scale 按比例绘制
• on the scale 在天平上

～+介词

• scales of skin 皮肤的鳞屑
• the scale of one to ten 一比十的比例
• the scale of wages 工资级别

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• scale a tree 爬树

～+介词

• scale a tree by ladders 用梯子爬树

词义辨析

v. (动词)

scale, climb

• scale和climb都指攀登。scale仅指身体的动作,特别是为了越过障碍而采取的艰苦动作; climb强调吃力地或曲折地向上运动。

词源解说

• ☆ 1300年左右进入英语，直接源自古法语的escale，意为鳞，壳；最初源自古日耳曼语的sklo，意为分裂，分开。

近反义词

【近义词】

• degree
• proportion
• climb