say

英 [seɪ] 美 [seɪ]

• v. 说；讲；比如说；表明
• n. 发言权；意见

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 说; 讲

   speak

2. vt. 说明,表明,宣称

   express sth in words; show; give an opinion

3. vt. 比方说,假定说

   suppose; suggest

n. (名词)

1. [S] 决定权,发言权

   power or right of (sharing in) acting or deciding

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 说，讲，说话，讲话
2. 讲述，说明，宣称
3. 把...说的确切，确定
4. 表明，指明
5. 表达，传达，表达意见
6. 报道，预报
7. 念，背诵
8. 假定，假设，比如说
9. 约摸地说，估计
10. <口>指示，叫
11. 即是，亦即

n. 名词

1. 发言权
2. 要说的话，所说的话，意见
3. 发言机会
4. <古>名言，箴言，格言
5. 最后决定权（常与the连用）
6. <古>细哔叽

adv. 副词

1. 大约，约摸
2. 例如

int. 感叹词

1. （用以引起注意或表示惊叹，忽然想起等）喂，听着，这不

英英释义

Noun:

1. the chance to speak;

   "let him have his say"
   

Verb:

1. express in words;

   "He said that he wanted to marry her"
   "tell me what is bothering you"
   "state your opinion"
   "state your name"
   

2. report or maintain;

   "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime"
   "He said it was too late to intervene in the war"
   "The registrar says that I owe the school money"
   

3. express a supposition;

   "Let us say that he did not tell the truth"
   "Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?"
   

4. have or contain a certain wording or form;

   "The passage reads as follows"
   "What does the law say?"
   

5. give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority;

   "I said to him to go home"
   "She ordered him to do the shopping"
   "The mother told the child to get dressed"
   

6. speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way;

   "She pronounces French words in a funny way"
   "I cannot say `zip wire'"
   "Can the child sound out this complicated word?"
   

7. communicate or express nonverbally;

   "What does this painting say?"
   "Did his face say anything about how he felt?"
   

8. utter aloud;

   "She said `Hello' to everyone in the office"
   

9. state as one's opinion or judgement; declare;

   "I say let's forget this whole business"
   

10. recite or repeat a fixed text;

    "Say grace"
    "She said her `Hail Mary'"
    

11. indicate;

    "The clock says noon"
    

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. He said hello to me with a smile.
   他面带微笑地和我打了个招呼。
2. She said that she liked singing.
   她说她喜欢唱歌。
3. He will of course say yes to my proposal.
   他一定会同意我的建议的。
4. Be quiet, I've something to say to you.
   安静, 我有话要对你们讲。
5. Why don't you make it another time, say Friday?
   为什么不改个时间,比如说星期五?
6. You may learn to play the violin in, say, three year.
   你可以,比如说,在三年内学会拉小提琴。
7. The clock says three o'clock.
   这表三点钟了。

用作名词 (n.)

1. We are considering giving them greater say in such matters.
   我们正考虑在这样的事情上给他们更多的发言权。
2. We had no say in the decision to sell the company
   在决定出售公司的问题上,我们没有发言权。
3. Don't interrupt her, let her have her say.
   别打断她,让她把意见说出来。
4. I shall have my own say in the matter.
   我会把自己对这个问题的想法说出来。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. It is hard to say.
   很难说。
2. You may well say so.
   你完全可以这么说。
3. Easier said than done.
   说起来容易做起来难。
4. Don't ask me what I think of him because I cannot say.
   不要问我对他有什么看法,因为我真的说不上来。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. He glared angrily at her but did not say a word.
   他怒视着她,却一言不发。
2. Enid could not say one tender word.
   艾尼达连句亲切的话也说不出来。
3. Have you said your words yet?
   你的话说完了吗?
4. Please open your mouth and say “ah”.
   请张开口说“啊”。
5. Say all you know and say it without reserve.
   知无不言,言无不尽。
6. The actors said their lines perfectly.
   演员们的台词背得很熟。
7. I stood up to say my repetition.
   我站起来背诵我应背的文章。
8. The boy was saying his lessons.
   那男孩子在老师面前背诵课文。
9. My watch says ten to four.
   我的表上是三点五十分。
10. The fact that she gave the money back says a lot about her honesty.
    她把钱送回来这事很能说明她为人诚实。
11. Have you said your prayers?
    你祈祷过了吗?
12. The radio says heavy rain in the afternoon.
    电台预报今天下午有大雨。
1
13. This poem can be both said and sung.
    这首诗歌既可以念又可以唱。

S+～+to- v

1. She says to meet me at the station.
   她说在车站接我。
2. The guidebook says to turn left.
   导游书上说向左拐。

S+～+wh-to- v

1. Please say which course to take.
   请说明上哪节课。
2. I will say how to use this word.
   我将说明如何使用这个单词。

S+～+(that-) clause

1. He said that he had never been to Shanghai.
   他说他从来没去过上海。
2. He said that he'd like to see you.
   他说他想和你见一面。
3. He said that his friend's name was Sam.
   他说他朋友的名字叫山姆。
4. He says that he really can't afford to wait another day.
   他说他实在不能再等一天了。
5. I would say that the bookcase contains about 1000 books.
   我估计这个书橱装有上千册书。
6. They say that it is a fine film.
   他们说那是一部好片子。
7. People said that we could reach it in a day's march.
   据说我们要走一天才能到。
8. The letter says that he will come next week.
   信上说他下周要来。
9. She was smiling but her eyes said that she was unhappy.
   她在微笑,但是她两眼的表情说明她并不愉快。
10. The forecast says that there's going to be a storm this afternoon.
    天气预报说,今天下午可能会有暴风雨。
11. These tracks say that a rabbit has passed by here.
    这些足迹显示有只兔子经过这里。
12. Let's say your plan fails; then what do we do?
    假如你的计划失败,那我们该怎么办。
13. Well, say it were true, what then?
    好吧,就算这是真的,又怎么样?
14. Let's say that you are right.
    我们姑且认为你是正确的。
15. He says that he can't afford to buy it.
    他说他买不起。

S+～+wh-clause

1. Everyone was saying what a handsome couple they made.
   大家都说他们是郎才女貌的一对。
2. Say what you have seen.
   讲讲你看到了什么。
3. She said what a splendid boy he was.
   她说他是个多么出色的男孩子。
4. He said what was in his mind, that is, gave his opinion.
   他把心里的话都说出来了,也就是说发表了自己的意见。
5. She did not say what he expected her to do.
   她没有讲出他指望她干什么。
6. Nobody could say when the war would end.
   天晓得这场战争何时能结束。
7. Say which you will have.
   你说要哪一个。

It is/was said+that-clause

1. It is said that he has gone to Beijing.
   据说他已经到北京去了。
2. It is said that they cancelled the order for 300 trucks.
   据说他们撤销了300台卡车的订货。
3. It was said that he was a very good doctor.
   据说他医术高明。

引出直接引语

1. The shepherd said,“No,I didn't hang my sheep,I hanged a wolf in sheep's clothing.”
   羊倌说：“不,我捆吊的不是羊,而是披着羊皮的狼。”
2. “Please hurry,” she said.
   她说：“请快点。”

～+so/not

1. “Do you think it will rain?”“I should say so/not.”
   “你认为会下雨吗?”“我想会的〔不会的〕。”
2. So he says.
   他这么说。

其他

as Parenth.

1. Any one, let's say Smith, could do it.
   无论哪一位,比方说史密斯,都能做此事。
2. Let's take a walk, say, in the park.
   咱们去散步吧,就在公园里怎么样?
3. There were, say,20 people there.
   那儿有大约20人。
4. He will probably come here in, say, five minutes.
   他可能在大约五分钟后赶到。
5. Would you take an offer of, say 500 pounds for your car?
   要是给你开个价,比方说500英镑吧,你卖不卖这辆车?

用作名词 (n.)

1. We are considering giving them greater say in such matters.
   我们正考虑让他们在这种问题上有更大的决定权。
2. Everyone had a say in making the decision.
   在作出决定时每个人都发表了自己的意见。
3. People want a much greater say in how the country should be governed.
   人们对于应怎样治国要求有更多的发言权。
4. The workpeople had no say in how their factory was run.
   工人们在工厂管理方面没有发言权。
5. He wanted to paint the room green but his wife had already chosen pink and he had no say in the matter.
   他想把这间屋子漆成绿色,但他的妻子却已决定要刷成粉红色的,他在这件事上没有发言权。
6. She had no say in the choice of a husband; her parents had all the say.
   她无权选择自己的丈夫,父母却有权包办一切。

经典引文

• The GLC have total say in who appears..in London.

  出自：Sounds

• He says his say and then shuts up.

  出自： A. Burgess

• If you give people a chance to have their say, ideas will come.

  出自：City Limits

• Then said they vnto him, Say now, Shibboleth: and he said Sibboleth.

  出自：Bible (AV): Judges

• I don't want people to see you together; it makes them say things.

  出自： A. H. Rice

• Sit down, everyone...Who says steak-and-kidney pie?

  出自： H. G. Wells

• I have said no word to him that was not strictly true.

  出自： J. Conrad

• 'Merchant of this city,' the tombstone said.

  出自： V. Woolf

• 'Fred,' she said, 'it was not as simple as that'.

  出自： E. Bowen

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

not to say

近乎; 甚至可以说 and almost; or perhaps even

say about( v.+prep. )

发表对…的看法 comment on; give one's opinion about
say sth about sth/v-ing
Please say something about my new dictionary.

请对我的新字典加以评论。
Can't you say anything about the meal?

你能不能就这顿饭说点什么?
Did your parents have much to say about your being so late home last night?

你昨夜回家那么晚,你父母是不是唠叨了半天?
Not too much can be said about the value of early rising.

早起的好处是说不尽的。

say after( v.+prep. )

跟着…说〔读〕 repeat sth after sb
say after sb
“Say after me.”the teacher said.

老师说道：“跟我念!”

say against( v.+prep. )

(说…)以反对 object sth by saying sth
say sth against sth
What did the police say against your story?

对你叙述的情况警方提出什么异议了?
Mother is sure to have something to say against your desire to leave home.

你想离家出走,母亲肯定会反对的。

say for( v.+prep. )

为…讲话〔辩护〕say sth in favor of sth; offer as an excuse or as sth in defence
say sth for sb/sth/oneself
Don't you have one good word to say for her?

难道你不为她说句好话吗?
You were driving at ninety miles an hour. Have anything to say for yourself?

你当时的驾驶时速已达90英里,你有什么要辩解的吗?
There is much to be said for both sides of this question.

这个问题的正反两方面都能讲出许多道理来。

say of( v.+prep. )

对…有某种说法,就…谈看法 give one's opinion about sth
say of sb/sth that-clause
People say of her that she uses black magic.

人们说她使用巫术。
It is said of him that he beats his wife.

人家说他打老婆。
It is often said of our island that it is like a jewel set in the sea.

我们岛常被人们说成是镶嵌在大海上的一块宝石。

say on( v.+adv. )

〈非正〉接着说 continue to speak
say on
Say on, we're still listening.

接着说下去,我们还听着呢。

say out( v.+adv. )

说出来 express
say sth ⇔ out
Say your piece out and pay attention to our feelings.

把你的话都讲出来,并注意我们的情绪。

say over( v.+adv. )

背诵 repeat from memory
say sth ⇔ over
Do you say your prayers over every night?

你每天晚上都背一次祈祷文吗?
He practised saying his speech over until he was letter-perfect.

他练习背诵自己的演说稿,直到把它完全记熟。

say to( v.+prep. )

是否同意做某事 agree or not to do sth
say sth to sb
What did you say to your mother?

你对你母亲说了什么?
I want to say something to you in private.

我想私下对你说一些事。 say to sb that-clause
He said to his mother that he would do it by himself.

他对他的母亲说他将自己独立做那件事。 say sth to sth/v-ing
What do you say to that picture?

你愿意对那幅画发表看法吗?
What do you say to going for a walk?

去散步好吗?

say to oneself

暗想 think oneself

to say nothing of

更不必说 without even considering; not to mention

to say the least (of it)

至少可以说 without any exaggeration

用作名词 (n.)

have〔say〕 one's say

有〔利用〕机会发表意见 have〔use〕 the chance to say sth, especially express one's opinion in a determined way

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• say a few words 讲几句话
• say all one knows 知无不言
• say grace 做祷告
• say hello 问好
• say one's lesson 背课文
• say one's prayers 背祷告文
• say poetry 背诗
• say rain 预报有雨
• say sorry 说对不起

～+副词

• say actually 明确地说
• say aloud 大声地说
• say apologetically 抱歉地说
• say approximately 大概地说
• say brusquely 鲁莽地说
• say confidently 满怀信心地说
• say coolly 冷冷地说
• say definitely 明确地说
• say deliberately 故意说
• say distinctly 清楚地说
• say emphatically 强调说
• say exactly 准确地表明
• say felicitously 贴切地表明
• say flatly 断言
• say frankly 坦率地说
• say happily 高兴地说
• say hoarsely 声音嘶哑地说
• say humbly 谦卑地说
• say impressively 说得明白
• say ironically 讽刺地说
• say openly 公开地说
• say peevishly 气恼地说
• say peremptorily 专断地说
• say perfectly 熟练地背诵
• say positively 明确地说
• say reproachfully 责备地说
• say safely 有把握地说
• say sardonically 挖苦地说
• say soothingly 安慰地说
• say stoutly 坚定地说
• say succinctly 扼要地说
• say sweepingly 一概而论地说
• say tactfully 婉转地说
• say truthfully 如实地说
• say unthinkingly 未经思考地说
• say on 接着说
• say out 说出来
• say over 背诵

～+介词

• say about 谈论…
• say after 跟着…说
• say against 说…的坏话
• say before 在…面前说
• say for 替…说话
• say of 就…谈看法
• say to 对…说

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• allow say 保留发言权
• finish say 把话讲完
• have all the say 有决定一切的权力
• have no say 没有决定权
• say out one's say 畅所欲言,无所不谈

形容词+～

• final say 最后的决定权
• bigger say 更多的发言权
• equal say 平等的发言权
• little say 很少的发言权
• major say 主要的决定权
• much greater say 更多的发言权
• real say 真正的发言权

～+介词

• demand a say in sth 要求就某事发言
• have a say in the matter 对某事有发言权
• have one's say about sth 对…发表意见

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. say的基本含义是指把自己的思想或观点通过言语表达出来,使人明白其意图,即“说,讲”,着重所说话的内容,引申还可指“预告”“说明”“表明”“宣称”“背诵”等。
2. say还可以作“比方说,假定说”解,是let's say的省略说法,用作插入语。
3. say可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,后可接名词、代词、动词不定式、带疑问词的不定式或that/wh-从句作宾语。也可引出直接引语。可用于被动结构。有时还可用一般现在时表过去。
4. say引出直接引语时,如果主句是放在引语之前,主句中的主语不管是名词或是代词,主谓均不倒装; 如果主句是放在引语之后或是插在引语之中,主语是代词时,主谓也不倒装,主语是名词时,主谓常可倒装。
5. “It is/was said that...”结构的意思是“据说”。
6. say后有时可跟替代词so或not。

n. (名词)

1. say作名词的意思是“决定权,发言权”,指人们对某一件事或物发表看法或观点之权。常用于单数形式,也可用作不可数名词。用单数形式时,常与不定冠词a连用。
2. have a say意为“有发言权”; have the say意为“有决定权”; have said one's say意为“利用机会表达自己的意见”。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

not to say, to say nothing of, to say the least (of it)

• 这三个短语的意义和用法均不同:not to say作“虽不能说”解,它表示在所谈及的两个方面,后者的程度虽然大于前者,但前者的程度已非常大,几乎接近后者的程度,从而使前者得到强调,该短语连接的两个成分不能随意调换位置; to say nothing of意为“更不用说”,它表示在所谈及的两个东西中前者的重要性大于后者,其语义特点在于通过肯定前者的意义来突出后者,表示赞扬、不满、惋惜等感情; to say the least (of it)作“至少可以说”解,它后面的of it常省略,其中it是指前面所提及的事情。

say, speak, talk, tell

• 这组词的共同含义是“说,告诉”。其区别是：
• say指“说出”,着重指说出具体的内容,一般用作及物动词,后面的宾语是所说的话; speak指“说话,发言”,着重开口说话的动作,一般用作不及物动词,其宾语通常是表示某种语言名称的词; talk指“讲话,谈论”,意思与speak相近,在一些情况下可以通用,通常talk用作不及物动词; tell指“告诉”,是直接给对方讲或以间接的方式转诉某事,在多数情况下, tell的后面通常接双宾语,在少数情况下可用简单宾语。试体会下面这几个词的用法和含义:He had talked for a long time, but he spoke so fast that we couldn't catch what he said.他讲了很长时间,但他说得太快了,我们没听清他讲了些什么。
• Mr. Green was invited to speak〔talk〕 to us on Greek philosophy.格林先生应邀给我们讲希腊哲学。
• He told me the news.他告诉了我这个消息。
• He told me that he was coming.他告诉我说他就来。

say hello to, ask after, give one's regards to

• 这三个短语的意思是“问候”。其区别在于:ask after指向某人问起(另一人的)健康状况或福利、兴盛等情况,但所问候的人并不想知道详细情况,只表示一般的关心而已,例如：
• He asked after your health.他向你问候。
• say hello to与give one's regard to的意思和用法基本相同,后面都接被问候的对象,有时,这种问候是礼节性的说法,例如：
• Say hello to your parents for me, please.请代我问候你父母。
• Please give my kind regards to your brother.请代我向令兄问候。

not to say, not to mention

• 这两个短语都可表示对某一事物的说明,但有区别。试比较:
• I don't know English, not to mention French.
• 我连英语都不懂,更别说法语了。
• (两件事,追补)
• It is warm today, not to say hot.
• 今天虽说不上多么热,可也够暖和了。
• (一类事,不同程度)

not to say, not to speak of

• 这两个短语的意思相近。其区别是：
• 前者的语气比后者重。试比较:
• She speaks Greek, not to speak of English.
• 她会说希腊语,英语更不在话下。
• She speaks Greek, not to say English.
• 且不说英语,希腊语她也会说。

下面三句意思相同,第一、二句较正式,最后一句较随便:

• It is said in the papers that there will be a change in the foreign policy of that country.
• It says in the papers that there will be a change in the foreign policy of that country.
• The papers say that there will be a change in the foreign policy of that country.
• 据报道那个国家的外交政策会有所改 变。

下面这句话有两种表达方式:

• 你愿意下盘棋吗?
• What do you say to a game of chess?
• What say you to a game of chess?

下面两个句子的意思不同:

• “Is my answer wrong?”the boy said to himself.
• “我的答案错了吗?”那男孩心里想。
• “Is my answer wrong?”the boy talked to himself.
• “我的答案错了吗?”那男孩自言自语 地说。

n. (名词)

下面两个句子意思不同:

• Let him say, right here.
• 让他就此处加以说明。
• Let him have his say, right here.
• 让他就此处发表意见。

say，speak，state，talk，tell，utter

• 这些动词均有“说、讲”之意。
• say最普通常用词，指用语言表达思想，着重所说的内容。
• speak侧重于说话动作的本身，着重说话的能力而不在内容，比如能说某种语言。
• state较正式用词，通常指用明确的语言或文字着重地叙述事实，既强调内容又注重语气。
• talk普通用词，侧重指与人交谈时的连续说话，可指单方面较长谈话，和speak一样，着重说活动作而不侧重内容。
• tell指告诉或讲述。
• utter着重说话的行为，常指声音的使用，突出用噪子发声。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 他认为我是撒了谎。

   误 He thought that I said a lie.

   正 He thought that I told a lie.

   析 表达“说谎”往往用tell a lie〔tell lies〕,而不能说say a lie。

2. “别碰它。”那个小男孩说。

   误 “Don't touch it.”the small boy said.

   正 “Don't touch it.”said the small boy.

   析 主句若放在直接引语后面,主语是名词时往往倒装。

3. 不用说,他是这个领域的学术带头人。

   误 Needless to speak, he is one of the leading scholars in this field.

   正 Needless to say, he is one of the leading scholars in this field.

   析 needless to say是习惯用法,意为“不用说”,这里say不可以用speak代替。

4. 都说他是个好孩子。

   误 People say him to be a good boy.

   正 He is said to be a good boy.

   析 say用于主动结构后不能接复合宾语,但这种复合宾语可以和say的被动结构连用。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的secgan，意为说，讲。

近反义词

【近义词】

• speak
• talk
• tell
• right