pitch

英 [pɪtʃ] 美 [pɪtʃ]

• n. 球场；程度；音调；推销；投掷；街头商贩摊位；沥青；树脂；松脂
• v. 投；颠簸；搭帐篷；定调；推销；用沥青覆盖

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 投,掷,扔

   throw (a ball, etc.)

2. vt. & vi. 搭(帐篷),扎(营)

   erect or fix (a tent or camp), especially for a short time

3. vt. & vi. 颠簸

   move up and down as the bows rise and fall especially of a ship

n. (名词)

1. [C]球场

   a special marked-out area of ground on which football, etc. is played

2. [C]音调,音高

   the degree of highness or lowness of a musical note or speaking voice

3. [S]程度,强度,高度

   degree; level

4. [U]沥青

   a black substance

5. [S]颠簸

   a backward and forward movement of a ship or aircraft

6. [S][U]斜度,坡度

   amount or degree of slope

7. [C]商贩摊位

   place where a street trader usually does business or a street entertainer usually performs

8. [C]推销商品的话

   persuasive talk or arguments used by a salesman to sell things

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 程度，度
2. 投（球），投掷
3. 倾斜（度），高度，坡度，强度
4. 前后颠簸
5. 沥青，含有沥青的物质，人工合成沥青
6. （人造）树脂，松脂
7. 【语、音】音高
8. 投球距离
9. （足球、橄榄球）场地

v. 动词

1. 投，扔，掷，抛，投掷，用力扔
2. <主英><俚>带着特定感情说，讲述
3. <美俚>竭力推销
4. 搭（帐篷），安营，扎（营），插
5. （使）向前跌，猛然摔倒，（使）向外摔出，突然向前倒下
6. （向下）倾斜
7. 前后颠簸，摇晃
8. 参与
9. 把...定得，把...定在
10. 【音】为...定音高，为...定调
11. 【棒】投球，作投球员，当投手，将（球）投给击球员，击出大曲线球
12. 用沥青涂
13. 铺（路）
14. 布置，安顿（住处）
15. 头朝下掉落
16. 触地，定点落地

英英释义

Noun:

1. the property of sound that varies with variation in the frequency of vibration

2. (baseball) the act of throwing a baseball by a pitcher to a batter

3. a vendor's position (especially on the sidewalk);

   "he was employed to see that his paper's news pitches were not trespassed upon by rival vendors"
   

4. promotion by means of an argument and demonstration

5. degree of deviation from a horizontal plane;

   "the roof had a steep pitch"
   

6. any of various dark heavy viscid substances obtained as a residue

7. a high approach shot in golf

8. an all-fours game in which the first card led is a trump

9. abrupt up-and-down motion (as caused by a ship or other conveyance);

   "the pitching and tossing was quite exciting"
   

10. the action or manner of throwing something;

    "his pitch fell short and his hat landed on the floor"
    

Verb:

1. throw or toss with a light motion;

   "flip me the beachball"
   "toss me newspaper"
   

2. move abruptly;

   "The ship suddenly lurched to the left"
   

3. fall or plunge forward;

   "She pitched over the railing of the balcony"
   

4. set to a certain pitch;

   "He pitched his voice very low"
   

5. sell or offer for sale from place to place

6. be at an angle;

   "The terrain sloped down"
   

7. heel over;

   "The tower is tilting"
   "The ceiling is slanting"
   

8. erect and fasten;

   "pitch a tent"
   

9. throw or hurl from the mound to the batter, as in baseball;

   "The pitcher delivered the ball"
   

10. hit (a golf ball) in a high arc with a backspin

11. lead (a card) and establish the trump suit

12. set the level or character of;

    "She pitched her speech to the teenagers in the audience"
    

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. The pitch is too small to play football on.
   球场太小了, 无法踢足球。
2. Speculation has reached such a pitch that a decision will have to be made immediately.
   这种胡乱猜测甚嚣尘上，已经到了必须立即解决的程度了。
3. The pitch depends on the frequency.
   音调的高低是由频率决定的。
4. He has a very clever sales pitch.
   他推销商品的口才很好。
5. They used pitch to cover roofs.
   他们用沥青涂盖屋顶。
6. Pitch bleeds freely from break in the bark.
   树脂从树皮的裂口自然地流出来。

用作动词 (v.)

1. She pitched the ball as far as she could.
   她尽力把球投得远一些。
2. The boat pitched suddenly and keeled over.
   船突然上下颠簸,接著就倾覆了。
3. We pitched our tent on the border of the lake.
   我们在湖边搭帐篷。
4. Representatives went to Japan to pitch the company's newest products.
   销售代表前往日本推销本公司的最新产品。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. The boat pitched in the storm.
   小船在风雨中上下颠簸。
2. The ship pitched and rolled and many passengers were sick.
   那轮船颠簸摇晃,很多乘客头晕恶心。
3. They pitched at foot of the mountain.
   他们在山脚下扎营。
4. The Arab stopped and pitched in the desert.
   这个阿拉伯人停下来,然后在沙漠中搭起了帐篷。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. He was pitching the ball.
   他正在投球。
2. The men were pitching hay.
   人们正在用叉把干草掷于车上。
3. People just pitched their rubbish over the wall.
   人们径直把垃圾扔过墙去。
4. They pitched a camp in the mountain.
   他们在山中扎营。
5. He pitched his speech so that even the children could understand.
   他带着一种特殊的表情讲话,以便孩子们能听懂。

用作名词 (n.)

1. The crowd invaded the pitch at the end of the match.
   比赛结束时人群涌入球场。
2. Her voice has a very high pitch.
   她说话声调很高。
3. Disagreement reached such a pitch that we thought a fight would break out.
   意见分歧大到我们以为会打起来的程度。
4. They used pitch to cover roofs.
   他们用沥青涂盖屋顶。
5. The pitch of the ship threw the passengers off balance.
   轮船上下颠簸,使乘客失去了平衡。
6. The roof has a sharp pitch.
   这屋顶很陡。
7. He has a pitch on the High Street where he sells souvenirs.
   他在大街上有个卖纪念品的摆摊处。
8. He has a very clever sales pitch.
   他推销商品的口才很好。

经典引文

• Every roll and pitch of the vessel.

  出自： G. Macdonald

• A stake, or a post is pitched in the ground.

  出自： J. Dyke

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

pitch in (v.+adv.)

加入,投入 begin or join in an activity such as an attack or meal
pitch sth in
Please pitch your waste paper in here.

请把废纸丢进里面。 pitch in
If everyone pitches in, we'll soon have the job finished.

要是人人动手,这工作马上就能完成。
As soon as the food was put on the table, all the children pitched in without waiting to be invited.

食物刚摆上桌,孩子们没等邀请便都吃了起来。
They pitch in with contributions of money.

他们主动捐款支援此事。
If I really pitch in,I may be able to finish my paper before the deadline.

如果我加紧工作,我也许就能在限期以前完成我的论文。

pitch into (v.+prep.)

〈非正〉使…担任职务 force sb to take a position
pitch sb/sth into sth
Watch me pitch this empty cigarette packet into the basket from across the room.

我把这空烟盒扔进房间那头的纸篓里。
He has pitched his ball into our house.

他将球扔进了我们的房子。
Pitch the stone into the river.

把石头扔进河里。
The boat suddenly rocked and pitched him into the water.

小船突然摇晃起来,把他甩进水里。 pitch into sb
They pitched into him.

他们猛烈攻击他。
Fearlessly Jim pitched into his attackers, who soon all lay unconscious on the ground.

吉姆勇敢地还击了袭击他的人,不久他们都倒在地上不省人事。
The opposition speaker made a lively speech, pitching into the government for its ineffective actions.

反对党发言人发表演说,猛烈抨击政府毫无效果的行动。 pitch sb into sth
I didn't ask for the chairmanship; I was pitched into it.

我并没有要求当主席,我是被迫的。

pitch on〔upon〕 (v.+prep.)

〈非正〉惩罚,责怪 choose sb for punishment or blame

pitch out (v.+adv.)

开除,逐出 make sb leave because of a fault
pitch sb ⇔ out
His car ran into a wall and he was pitched out.

车子撞到墙上,他被摔了出来。 pitch out of sb/sth
He lost his balance, and pitched out of the window headfirst.

他失去平衡,头朝下从窗子上跌了下去。 pitch sth out of sb/sth
The player pitched the ball out of the way it was expected to go.

那个运动员把球投偏了。 pitch sb ⇔ out
Let's pitch the drunkard out.

我们来把这个醉鬼撵出去。
They pitched two members out for failing to pay the money they owed.

他们把两名因未交纳所欠款项的会员开除。
Two members were pitched out for failing to pay the money they owed.

两名会员因未能偿付欠款而被开除。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• pitch the ball 抛球
• pitch camp 扎营
• pitch the roof 搭屋顶
• pitch a spear 投标枪
• pitch tent 搭帐篷

～+副词

• pitch heavily 颠簸得厉害
• pitch sharply〔steeply〕 搭得太陡
• pitch violently 剧烈地颠簸
• pitch in 开始努力工作

～+介词

• pitch against each other 相互对垒
• pitch into 积极投身于
• pitch into the job 积极投入工作
• pitch off one's bicycle 从自行车上跌下来
• pitch on a candidate 随意挑选一个候选人
• pitch on a day 随便挑选一个日子

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• invade the pitch 涌进球场
• throw a pitch 投球

形容词+～

• deafening pitch 震耳欲聋的声音
• high pitch 高调
• low pitch 低调
• sharp pitch 陡坡

名词+～

• concert pitch 音乐会合奏调
• football pitch 足球场

介词+～

• at a high pitch 高声地

～+介词

• the pitch of success 成功的顶峰
• the pitch of voice 嗓音的高度

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. pitch的基本意思是“投”“掷”“扔”,有时表示轻轻地、不经意地抛,强调投向确定目标。引申可表示“颠簸”,还可表示“搭(帐篷)”“扎(营)”的意思。
2. pitch用作及物动词时,可接名词、代词作宾语,可用于被动结构。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

pitch, cast, fling, hurl, throw, toss

• 这组词的共同意思是“投,掷,抛”,都可指用工具或徒手将物体用力抛出。其区别是：
• 1.throw是这些词中最普通的词,使用广泛,也不带任何感情色彩。
• 2.cast强调“迅速抛出”；fling强调“奋力抛出”；hurl指用力投掷,动作迅猛,强调投掷的距离较“远”；pitch强调“技巧性”,主要用于体育项目；toss则指“轻松、不在意或无目的地乱甩”。
• 3.cast和toss所抛出的物品一般较轻,其余各词则可轻可重。
• 4.hurl和pitch的方向性、目的性比较明确，其余各词则没有明确的方向性和目的性。
• 5.fling指奋力投掷,也可指感情激动时漫无目标地、粗暴地扔东西,具有强烈的感情色彩。

pitch, dive, plunge

• 这组词意思相近,其区别在于:plunge指自身主动或在外力作用下的“投入”“陷入”“浸入”某种状态之中,强调“突然”和“用力”; dive常指有意识和有目的地“跳入”“投入”,侧重于动作的熟练和姿态的优雅,引申可指“专心研究”某事; pitch常指无意识、无计划地向前或向下“扔”“投”“抛”,也可指船在暴风雨中“前后摇摆”。

throw，cast，fling，heave，hurl，pitch，toss

• 这些动词均有“抛、投、掷”之意。
• throw普通用词，使用广泛，仅指用力抛掷，不涉及动作方式或感情色彩。
• cast常可与throw互换，指迅速扔出一个重量较轻的物体。
• fling指用力投掷，或因感情激动而粗暴地或漫无目的地扔东西。
• heave指把重物举起后扔出。
• hurl通常指用力投掷，动作迅猛，所投掷的距离也较远。
• pitch指随意地、轻轻地掷或扔，侧重方向性和有明确的目标。
• toss指无什么目的地、轻轻地、随意地掷或扔，所扔掷的东西一般都比较轻。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的pic；最初源自原始印欧语的pi，意为树液，汁水。

近反义词

【近义词】

• angle
• incline

【反义词】

• catch 赶上