old

英 [əʊld] 美 [oʊld]

• adj. 老的；过去的；旧的，破旧的；... 岁的
• n. 旧时

双解释义

adj. (形容词)

1. 老的,年老的

   having lived a long time; advanced in age; no longer young

2. 古老的,古代的,陈旧的

   belonging to past times; not recent or modern

3. …年龄的

   of a particular age

4. [A]早已认识的,熟悉的

   known for a long time; familiar

5. [A]以前的,从前的

   former; previous

6. [A]有经验的,老练的

   having much experience or practice

详尽释义

adj. 形容词

1. 古老的，老的，古代的
2. 原来的，过去的，从前的，原先的
3. 陈旧的，旧的
4. 相识时间长的，结识久的，熟悉的
5. 表示亲昵或不拘礼节
6. 年纪大的，不年轻的
7. 存在时间长的

n. 名词

1. 古时
2. 旧时，往时，以前，往昔
3. ...岁的人
4. 老年的人们
5. 古物，旧事物
6. 令人怀念的往事

v. 动词

1. 变老

英英释义

Noun:

1. past times (especially in the phrase `in days of old')

Adjective:

1. (used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age;

   "his mother is very old"
   "a ripe old age"
   "how old are you?"
   

2. of long duration; not new;

   "old tradition"
   "old house"
   "old wine"
   "old country"
   "old friendships"
   "old money"
   

3. (used for emphasis) very familiar;

   "good old boy"
   "same old story"
   

4. skilled through long experience;

   "an old offender"
   "the older soldiers"
   

5. belonging to some prior time;

   "erstwhile friend"
   "our former glory"
   "the once capital of the state"
   "her quondam lover"
   

6. (used informally especially for emphasis);

   "a real honest-to-god live cowboy"
   "had us a high old time"
   "went upriver to look at a sure-enough fish wheel"
   

7. of a very early stage in development;

   "Old English is also called Anglo Saxon"
   "Old High German is High German from the middle of the 9th to the end of the 11th century"
   

8. just preceding something else in time or order;

   "the previous owner"
   "my old house was larger"
   

例句

用作形容词 (adj.)

1. The old lady fondled her cat as it sat beside her.
   老妇人抚摸着蹲在身边的小猫。
2. He invited me to his home to talk over old times.
   他邀我到他家里去聊聊过去的事。
3. The cupboard was stuffed with old fishing tackle.
   小橱里塞满了旧的钓鱼用具。
4. Public opinion was against the old feudal system.
   公众舆论反对旧的封建制度。
5. How old are you?
   你多大了？
6. His five-year old son stuck to him like a leech.
   他那五岁的儿子总缠着他。

常见句型

用作形容词 (adj.)

用作定语

～+ n.

1. The old man is willing to pledge for him.
   那位老人愿意为他担保。
2. She turned away in revolt from the dirty old man.
   她厌恶地转身离开那个肮脏的老人。
3. The old man's health has gone to rack and ruin.
   那位老人的身体已经垮了。
4. There is an old man sitting beside me.
   我旁边坐着一位老人。
5. The old man made a settlement on his youngest daughter when she married.
   当小女儿出嫁时,这位老人给了她一笔钱财。
6. The old man lived in a little house in the woods.
   那老人住在森林中的一间小房里。
7. The old woman couldn't forget her dead mate.
   那位老妇人无法忘记她已故的丈夫。
8. He gets tax relief because he supports his old mother.
   他因赡养年迈的母亲而得以减税。
9. In order to save younger men's jobs, some of the older workers were retired early.
   为了保证年轻人有工作,一些老年人早些退休了。
10. The old car ground to a halt in front of the shop.
    那辆旧车在商场前面慢慢地停下来了。
11. The old machine is well maintained and looks as good as new.
    这台旧机器维修得很好,看上去像新的一样。
12. The sale of his old house made him sad.
    出售老宅使他很难过。
13. He refined upon the older methods.
    他对陈旧的方法做了细致入微的改进。
14. He posed as an expert on old coins.
    他装作是个古钱币专家。
15. Things were different in the old days.
    在过去,情况就不同了。
16. In the old society, the peasants were ground by poverty.
    在旧社会,农民深受贫困的折磨。
17. Some of old newspapers had to go out of business for low sales.
    有些老的报社由于销量低而倒闭了。
18. She is now at leisure to visit old friends.
    她现在有空访问老朋友。
19. We are old friends.
    我们是老朋友了。
20. I prefer the chair in its old place.
    我觉得这把椅子还是放在老地方好。
21. She always gives the same old speech.
    她的演说总是老调重弹。
22. She had visited the old scholar who avoided publicity.
    她拜访过那位不想引人注意的老学者。
23. The old professor was surprisingly humble at the meeting.
    在大会上,那位老教授出人意料地谦逊。
24. You're a funny old thing!
    你真是个活宝。

用作表语

S+be+～

1. Ourselves no longer young, we can sympathize with those who are old.
   我们自己不再年轻了,我们能同情老人。
2. You hardly look old enough.
   你看起来没有那么老。
3. He's forty years old.
   他40岁了。
4. This pine is a hundred years old.
   这棵松树的年龄是100岁。
5. The dog is two years old.
   这条狗的年龄是两岁。
6. The house is two hundred years old.
   这房子已有200年的历史了。
7. How old are you?
   你多大岁数了?
8. How much older is he than you?
   他比你大几岁?
9. The houses in this street are very old.
   这条街上的房子都太旧了。
10. This carpet's getting rather old now.
    这块地毯现在很旧了。
11. We won't buy new tyres when the car itself is so old.
    这辆汽车本身已经那么旧了,我们就不买新轮胎了。
12. This bread is a bit old.
    这块面包有点不新鲜了。

S+be+～+ prep. -phrase

1. That child seems old beyond his years.
   那个孩子看上去比他的实际年龄老成。

S+be+～+to- v

1. I reckon that he is rather too old to marry again.
   我认为他的年龄太大不适于再结婚。
2. You are old enough to dress yourself now.
   你年纪已经不小了,现在该自己穿衣服了。

其他

as n.

1. The old and the young do not always understand each other.
   老年人和年轻人并非总能彼此理解。

经典引文

• All my children have gone before me, I am so old.

  出自： Tennyson

• Delroy..bought his car last year before he was old enough to drive.

  出自：Sunday Express

• I've been seeing a much older man who..only wants to be friends.

  出自：Bella

常用短语

用作形容词 (adj.)

any old how

随便地,胡乱地 carelessly; untidily

(as) old as the hills

很老的,古老的 very old; ancient

of old

从前的,过去的,自古以来 in or since former times

old enough to be sb's father〔mother〕

比某人年龄大得多 significantly older than sb

old enough to know better

已经长大该懂好歹了 old enough to act in a more sensible way than one did

词汇搭配

用作形容词 (adj.)

～+名词

• old lady 老太婆
• old maid 老处女
• old man 老人
• old school 母校
• old students 从前的学生
• old wine 陈酒

词语用法

adj. (形容词)

1. old的基本意思是“老的,年老的”,指人或动物的生命接近结束; 也可指某物存在或使用了相当长的一段时间,即“古老的,古代的,陈旧的”。old还可指某人或某物处于“…年龄的”。引申可指“早已认识的,熟悉的”“以前的,从前的”“有经验的,老练的”等。old有时还可以用于表示一种亲密的关系。
2. ...years old作“…岁”解时old须置于years之后,除用于人外,也可用于物。
3. the old可泛指“老年人”,这时谓语动词应该用复数形式,但在一定上下文中也可以指某个人,这时谓语动词须用单数形式。

词义辨析

adj. (形容词)

old girl, old lady, old wife, old woman

• 这四者都指“女人”,但意思和用法并不相同:
• 1.old girl一般用于子女对母亲或丈夫对妻子的昵称,也可用于对任何年龄女子的爱称(如老大姐),有时则用于贬义,是一种讽刺或不尊敬的称呼。在英国学校中可指“女校友”“女毕业生”。old girl还可用作母马的爱称,常译为“老伙计”。
• 2.old lady和old wife同义,相当于汉语中的“老伴”“老婆”,用于比喻可指“婆婆妈妈的人”。
• 3.old woman是口语用语,在子女与母亲间或夫妻间使用时意思同old girl。用于比喻可指“畏畏缩缩,行为像女人或办事缺乏主动性的男人”。

old, aged, elderly

• 这三个词均可指“年老的,年迈的”。其区别是：
• old指年事已高,接近生命的终点; elderly指已过中年,意为“较老的,接近老年的”,常有尊敬和威严的意味。例如:
• She was an elderly woman, perhaps sixty years old.她已是上了年纪的女人,可能有60岁了。
• aged指“年迈的”,含有体弱多病、老态龙钟的意味。例如:
• An aged woman sat mumbling by the fire.一位年迈的妇女坐在炉火旁,口中念念有词。

old, ancient

• 这两个词都有“古代的”“古老的”意思。ancient指发生或存在于很久以前,现在则未必存在; old则指其存在至今的,时间已相当长。ancient所指的时间一般比old长。ancient的反义词是recent; old的反义词是young或new。

下面三句意思相同:

• He is five years older than I.
• He is older than I by five years.
• He is five years senior to me.
• 他比我大5岁。

下面两句意思不同:

• Old Tom died a week ago.
• 老汤姆一周前死去。(未必年老)
• The old Tom died a week ago.
• 老汤姆一周前死去。(年迈)

下面两个短语意思不同:

• one's old man
• 丈夫,父母
• the old man
• 老板,船长,校长,长官(尤指连长)

ancient，old，antique

• 这些形容词均含“古代的，古老的”之意。
• ancient指很久以前发生或存在的事物。用于描述历史时，指远古时代。
• old指长期以来一直存在着的事物，与times连用指古代，与days连用时指从前或旧社会。
• antique指已经很古老或颇有古风的事物，一般都具有较高价值。

常见错误

adj. (形容词)

1. 那个三岁的孩子自己能穿衣服了。

   误 The three years old boy can dress himself.

   正 The three-year-old boy can dress himself.

   正 The boy three years old can dress himself.

   析 当“1以上的基数词+表时间〔年龄〕的名词+old”结构用作前置定语时,其名词一般用单数形式,且词与词之间需用连字符。

2. 得奖的学生是一个19岁的女孩。

   误 The student who won the prize was a girl of nineteen years old.

   正 The student who won the prize was a girl of nineteen.

   析 用“of+数字”表达年龄时,数字后不接years old。

3. 最大的女儿干所有的活。

   误 The oldest daughter does all the housework.

   正 The eldest daughter does all the housework.

   析 在家庭成员中的同一辈中“长幼”关系应该用elder和eldest,而不用older和oldest。

4. 作为一个政界元老,他很受尊敬。

   误 An older statesman, he is held in great respect.

   正 An elder statesman, he is held in great respect.

   析 表示“资格老,地位高”,不能用older,而要用elder。

5. 我比我弟弟大三岁。

   误 I'm elder than my younger brother by three years.

   正 I'm older than my younger brother by three years.

   析 就年龄的大小进行比较时,应该用older,而不是elder。elder不能用作表语。

6. 他太老了,不能做太多的工作。

   误 He is too aged to do so much work.

   正 He is too old to do so much work.

   析 aged作“年老的”解时常用作定语,如an aged man,不能用作表语。

7. 太极拳是一项老少皆宜的运动。

   误 Taijiquan is an activity for the old and young.

   正 Taijiquan is an activity for the young and old.

   析 汉语习惯说“老幼”,英语则习惯说“幼老”。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的ald，意为年长的。

近反义词

【近义词】

• age
• elderly

【反义词】

• young