not

英 [nɒt] 美 [nɑːt]

• adv. 不；没有；并非

双解释义

adv. (副词)

1. 不,没

   (word that gives an opposite meaning to another word or sentence)

详尽释义

adv. 副词

1. 不，否，非
2. 没有
3. 并非，不是，不是说
4. 不会
5. 不怎么
6. 不都是，不全是
7. 或许不
8. 一件也没
9. 一个也不
10. 没什么
11. 别客气， 没关系
12. 不仅…而且…
13. 倒不是， 并不是说

n. 名词

1. 电算
2. 【计】 “非”

英英释义

Adverb:

1. negation of a word or group of words;

   "he does not speak French"
   "she is not going"
   "they are not friends"
   "not many"
   "not much"
   "not at all"
   

例句

用作副词 (adv.)

1. I'm not really sure.
   我不太清楚。
2. It's not your fault.
   不是你的错。
3. We are not teachers.
   我们不是老师。
4. They will not agree.
   他们不会同意。
5. Not everyone likes this book.
   并不是每个人都喜欢这本书。
6. David did not have a book to his name.
   大卫没有一本属于他自己的书。
7. His new book did not come up to expectation.
   他的新作没有达到预期水平。
8. He was not unlearned in history.
   他对历史并非无知。
9. Fortune has not always smiled on him.
   命运之神并非总是对他微笑。

常见句型

用作副词 (adv.)

1. She did not see him.
   她没看见他。
2. You may not be chosen.
   可能挑不上你。
3. I mustn't forget.
   我绝不能忘记。
4. They are not here.
   他们没在这儿。
5. I think it is right to say peace cannot be got by begging.
   我认为,和平不能靠乞求获得这一说法是对的。
6. I'm going too, ain't I?
   我不是也要去吗?
7. Ain't we having fun?
   我们不愉快吗?
8. I asked him not to come.
   我请他不要来。
9. He warned me not to be late.
   他提醒我别迟到。
10. The wisest policy is not to interfere.
    不去干涉是最妙的办法。
11. The difficulty was in not laughing out loud.
    难就难在不笑出声来。
12. Not knowing,I cannot say.
    我不知道,所以说不出。
13. Not having a telephone can save you a lot of trouble.
    没有电话可以使你省去很多麻烦。
14. I don't think it will rain.
    我想不会下雨的。
15. I don't believe the policy of power politics can blackmail us into submission.
    我们不信,实力政策能够讹诈我们屈服。
16. “Will it rain?” “I hope not.”
    “会下雨吗?”“我希望别下。”
17. “Does he know?” “I believe not.”
    “他知道吗?”“我认为他不知道。”
18. “Can I come in?” “I'm afraid not.”
    “我可以进来吗?”“很抱歉,不可以。”
19. Is she ready or not?
    她准备好了没有?
20. Can you mend it or not?
    你能不能修理它?
21. All he has said is not right.
    他说的不全对。
22. Not everyone can play the violin.
    不是人人都会拉小提琴。
23. Both of the books are not to my taste.
    这两本书并不都合我的趣味。
24. We plan to meet again in the not too distant future.
    我们打算不久以后再次见面。
25. They are not rich.
    他们不富裕。
26. “Are you hungry?” “Not hungry, just very tired.”
    “你饿吗?”“不饿,只是很累。”
27. That was not wisely done.
    那件事做得不明智。
28. Not until last week was the project in full blast.
    工程直到上星期才全部开工。
29. Not for the world, would I never think of hurting her.
    我无论如何也不曾想过要去伤害她。
30. “Would you like some more?” “Not for me, thank you.”
    “你再要点儿吗?”“别给我了,谢谢。”
31. “Do you go in the sea every day?” “Not in the winter.”
    “你每天都下海吗?”“冬天不下。”
32. She argued, and not without reason, that no one could afford to pay.
    她辩称没人能付得起钱,这也不无道理。
33. It's not on Sunday.
    不是在星期天。
34. Not a hair of your head shall be touched.
    不许动你一根毫毛。
35. “How much did this cost?” “Not a penny.”
    “这个值多少钱?”“一分钱也不值。”
36. “Who will do the washing-up?” “Not me.”
    “谁管洗碗?”“不是我。”
37. He drank not a little of the wine.
    他喝的酒很多。
38. The tumbler is not half full.
    这杯子里酒还不到一半。
39. He accused them of being responsible for the error, and that's not half of the story.
    他指控他们应对那错误负责,其实,这指控还远远不够。
40. I don't half like the idea of your travelling by yourself.
    我一点也不赞成你独自去旅行。
41. I didn't feel half sorry, to tell you the truth.
    说真的,我一点也不感到难受。
42. This lesson is not half so difficult as that one.
    这篇课文远不及那篇课文难。
43. We didn't feel half as bad when we got there.
    当我们到那里时,感觉到好多了。
44. His first attempts at painting are not half as bad.
    他初学绘画的成绩相当好。

经典引文

• Is he not a gay dissipated rake who has squandered his patrimony?

  出自： R. B. Sheridan

• This is not the cause of a king, but of kings.

  出自： Burke

• If the sky were not clear..you would have to come..in the morning.

  出自： T. Hardy

• The English translation is not good.

  出自： A. Tate

• An Indian, isn't he?

  出自： P. Capon

• A swimming-pool..is common to all as a table is not.

  出自： absol.

常用短语

用作副词 (adv.)

as likely as not

很可能,说不定 possible

as often as not

经常,通常 usually

as soon as not

很愿意,再乐意不过 very happy to do sth

not...but

不是…而是 (show one choice instead of another)

not a

一个也不 none

not all that

不那么… not as seriously as

not at all

别客气 you're welcome

not in the least

毫不,全无never

not only...but (also)

不但…而且 there're the other beside these

not so much...as

与其说是…,不如说是 would rather to say

not that

并不是说 though one is not suggesting that

not (that)...but

并不是…,而是… not sth but the others

not yet

尚未,还没有 (sth) didn't happen

词汇搭配

• not that 并不是说
• not at all (用于否定)一点也不...
• not half 一点也不
• not all that 不那么 ...
• not a patch on 远不如
• not a bit 一点也不
• not so much as 与其 ... 不如...
• Not that I know of. 据我所知并非如此。...
• not all roses 不尽完美
• not a gleam of hope 毫无希望
• not a dog's chance 一点机会也没有...
• not a feather to fly with 贫困
• not nearly 远不及
• not much in it 没什么差别
• not having any [口][前接动词be...
• not a few 不少(很多)
• not amount to a hill of beans 无足轻重
• not be much on 对 ... 不感兴趣...
• not put it past someone 相信某人会做出...
• bat 球棒

词语用法

adv. (副词)

1. not的基本意思是“不,没有”,通常用于否定句中,位于动词be、have/has或情态动词之后,或与之一起构成缩写形式; 如:isn't, don't, won't等。
2. 在美国口语中常用ain't代替am not/are not/is not/has not/have not。
3. not后可接动词的非限定形式:动词不定式、动名词或分词。
4. 在复合句中常可将not置于主语的谓语动词之前,而不放在从句中,这称之为转移否定。
5. not可用于省略结构中,代替词、词组或整个句子。在一些动词(如think, believe等)、副词(如probably等)和词组(如be afraid等)之后,可用not代替否定从句。
6. not还可否定形容词和副词,用于表示委婉的语气。
7. not与all, both, every, always等词连用时表示部分否定。
8. 为了加强语气,可以把not构成的否定的状语等置于句首,并引起主谓倒装。
9. 在否定结构中,如果not这个副词所表达的否定概念是贯穿到下一个成分的,这个成分就得用or来连接,否则要用nor来连接。
10. not only...but also...既不表否定意义,也不能用于否定结构; not either...or或neither...nor可表达否定意义。
11. not还可以和一些数词连用表达不同的意思。当not与数词连用时,意为“少于,不到”; not也可与表示数量的形容词连用表示不同的意思,如not many(much)(很少,不多), not a few(a little)(不少,很多), not a bit(毫不,一点也不); not还可否定one, once等词,意为“不止一个〔次〕”; not可与half连用意为“不到一半”,但在非正式英语里,如果not half加上某些形容词(与be连用)或动词(助动词do),意为“一点也不”,但在英式英语中(do)not half加上动词意为“非常”, not half so/as加上形容词或副词意为“远不及”; 另外not half as bad意为“好多了”。

词义辨析

adv. (副词)

下面各组中的两个句子意思不同:

• I do not hope that he will come tomorrow.
• 我不希望他明天来。
• I hope that he will not come tomorrow.
• 我希望他明天别来。
• I am not afraid that he will come tomorrow.
• 我不怕他明天来。
• I am afraid that he will not come tomorrow.
• 恐怕他明天不来。
• I do not fear that he will come tomorrow.
• 我并不怕他明天来。
• I fear that he will not come tomorrow.
• 我怕他明天不来。
• I do not trust that he will come tomorrow.
• 我不相信他明天来。
• I trust that he will not come tomorrow.
• 我相信他明天不来。

no，not

• 这两个词均可表示否定“不、没有”之意。
• no用作形容词时一般直接置于名词之前，no修饰名词时，语气强于not。
• not名词前有a, any, much, enough等限定词时，不可用no，应用否定副词not。

常见错误

adv. (副词)

1. 睡眠不足对你的健康有害。

   误 Getting not enough sleep is harmful to your health.

   正 Not getting enough sleep is harmful to your health.

2. 由于不知道发生了什么事,他像往常一样去上班了。

   误 Having not know about the accident, he went to work as usual.

   正 Not having known about the accident, he went to work as usual.

   析 非谓语动词的否定形式在前面加not。

3. 我请求你不要走。

   误 I beg you to not go.

   正 I beg you not to go.

   析 不定式的否定形式是not to do。

4. 学生们举行罢课,但老师们没有举行罢教。

   误 The students went on strike, but no the teachers.

   正 The students went on strike, but not the teachers.

   析 not和no均可用来构成否定,但用法不同。not用来使动词变成否定,而no是作为形容词用在名词前,意思是not a或not any。

5. 我两个都不要。

   误 I don't want both of them.

   正 I don't want either of them.

   析 either用在not后面,表示全部否定,而not与all, every, everyone, both等词连用时表示部分否定。

6. 我几乎不能相信这事。

   误 I cannot almost believe it.

   正 I can hardly believe it.

   析 “几乎不”用hardly, scarcely表达。almost可以修饰no, none, nothing等词,但不能修饰not。

7. 他总是不迟到的。

   误 He is always not late.

   正 He is never late.

   析 always not表示“不总是,有时不”,不符合句意。

8. 他一点也不像他父亲。

   误 He is not a little like his father.

   正 He is not a bit like his father.

   析 not a little等于much,表示“很多”,而not a bit表示“一点也不”。

9. 他不仅作出了许诺,而且履行了诺言。

   误 Not only he made a promise, but also he kept it.

   正 Not only did he make a promise, but also he kept it.

   正 He not only made a promise, but also he kept it.

   析 not only用在句首,第一个分句应倒装。

10. 我没有兄弟。

    误 I have not brother.

    正 I have no brother(s).

11. 去年没有游客来过这个小岛。

    误 No any tourists came the island last year.

    正 No tourists came to the island last year.

12. 我不知道他想干什么。

    误 I have not idea what he wants to do.

    正 I have no idea what he wants to do.

    析 此处no是形容词,加在名词前作定语,等于not any, not是副词,不能直接修饰名词。

13. 他不该这么早就开始。

    误 He should have not started so early.

    正 He should not have started so early.

    析 在复合谓语动词中,副词not, never等通常放在第一个助动词之后。

14. 他不像你那样强壮。

    误 He is not so strong like you.

    正 He is not so strong as you.

    析 not so...as是as...as的否定形式,不可用not so...like表示。

15. 老板度假了,但没有一个雇员在度假。

    误 The boss was on holiday, but no the employees.

    正 The boss was on holiday, but not the employees.

    析 no不能和另一个限定词连用,而not多用在一个句子的否定或句子的部分否定中,所以误句中的no应改成not。

16. 他说得既不清楚,也不正确。

    误 He didn't speak clearly and correctly.

    正 He didn't speak clearly or correctly.

    析 not...or表示全部否定, not...and表示部分否定。

17. 他不仅弹钢琴,而且还拉小提琴。

    误 He not only plays the piano, but also the violin.

    正 He plays not only the piano, but also the violin.

18. 他不但会说英语,而且会说法语。

    误 He not only speaks English but also French.

    误 Not only does he speak English, but French as well.

    正 He speaks not only English but also French.

    正 Not only does he speak English but also speaks French.

    析 not only...but also...所连接的内容在形式上要前后对称。

19. 不仅这些书,而且这本词典也是我的。

    误 Not only the books but also the dictionary belong to me.

    正 Not only the books but also the dictionary belongs to me.

    析 用not only...but also...连接两个部分作主语时,其谓语动词的数要与but also后的主语保持一致。

20. 她学习和她弟弟一样努力,但不如她姐姐努力。

    误 She studies as hard as her younger brother, but does not study hard as her elder sister.

    正 She studies as hard as her younger brother, but not so hard as her elder sister.

    析 把两个相同的人或事物比较时,须用as...as或not so/as...as,误句中后半句少了so/as。

21. “同我们一起去好吗?”“不。”

    误 “Will you go with me?” “Not.”

    正 “Will you go with me?” “No.”

    析 同no, never, hardly等否定词不一样, not不能用来回答提问。

22. 你难得来看看我们。

    误 You not hardly ever come to see us.

    正 You hardly ever come to see us.

    析 如果句中已有含有否定意义的词,那就不能再加not了。

词源解说

• ☆ 13世纪中期进入英语，直接源自古英语的noht，意为无。

近反义词

【近义词】

• no 不
• non [拉]非