mistake

英 [mɪ'steɪk] 美 [mɪ'steɪk]

• n. 错误；误会；过失
• v. 误解；弄错

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C]错误,过失,失策

   thing done incorrectly through ignorance or wrong judgement; error

2. [C]误解,误会

   wrong idea or opinion; misconception

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 弄错; 误解

   make a mistake; make an error about; understand wrongly

2. vt. 认不出

   not recognize

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 错误，谬误
2. 误会，误解
3. 过失，失策，失误
4. 恶果
5. 误差
6. 笔误，口误
7. 准确无误，毫无疑问

v. 动词

1. 误解，误会，领会错，理解错
2. 犯错，看错，搞错，挑选错，弄错
3. 想错，估计错，打错算盘
4. 把…误认为，把…错当成
5. 误认，把…认错
6. 认不出
7. 解释错
8. 判断错

英英释义

Noun:

1. a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention;

   "he made a bad mistake"
   "she was quick to point out my errors"
   "I could understand his English in spite of his grammatical faults"
   

2. an understanding of something that is not correct;

   "he wasn't going to admit his mistake"
   "make no mistake about his intentions"
   "there must be some misunderstanding--I don't have a sister"
   

3. part of a statement that is not correct;

   "the book was full of errors"
   

Verb:

1. identify incorrectly;

   "Don't mistake her for her twin sister"
   

2. to make a mistake or be incorrect

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. His costly mistake resulted in severe loss.
   他的严重的错误导致了重大的损失。
2. You've made several grammatical mistakes in the composition.
   你的作文中犯了几处语法错误。
3. Tom must have taken your dictionary by mistake.
   汤姆一定是弄错了才拿了你的字典。
4. He felt mortified for his mistake.
   他对自己的过失深感羞愧。
5. That mistake has undone all our previous good work.
   那个过错使我们前功尽弃。

用作动词 (v.)

1. You mistook my meaning entirely.
   你完全误解了我的意思。
2. I used to mistake his reserve for haughtiness.
   我过去常把他的沉默寡言误以为高傲。
3. I mistook the number and went to the wrong room.
   我记错了号码,走错了房间。
4. Mother looks so young that people often mistake her for my sister.
   母亲看上去非常年轻,人们经常把她误认为是我的姐姐。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. My mistake won't be discovered as long as nobody tells on me.
   只要没人告发我,我的错误不会被发现。
2. Mistakes abound on every page.
   每页上都有大量错误。
3. No mistakes could arise.
   不会出任何差错的。
4. These little mistakes can't be avoided.
   这些小差错是免不了的。
5. It was a curious mistake that I couldn't understand.
   这是一个我无法理解的奇怪的错误。
6. I agreed that it was a mistake.
   我承认这是一个错误。
7. The students are cautious not to make any mistake in spelling.
   学生们在拼写时非常小心。
8. I deeply regret the mistake.
   我为自己的这个错误深感后悔。
9. We all make mistakes.
   人都会犯错误。
10. How can we cover up our mistakes?
    我们怎样才能把我们的错误掩盖起来呢?
11. I had to overcome the temptation to laugh at his mistakes.
    对他的错误,我强忍着没笑出来。
12. The European countries have learned from their mistakes.
    欧洲国家已从自己的错误中吸取了教训。
13. There must be some mistake!
    你们不能逮捕我!一定是哪儿弄错了!
14. I made a mistake about the time.
    我把时间搞错了。
15. I made a bad mistake in spending all the money at once.
    我犯了个严重错误,把所有的钱一下子都花光了。
16. The teacher found several spelling mistakes in the pupils' written answers.
    老师在学生们的书面答案中发现了好几处拼写错误。
17. You made three mistakes in grammar tonight.
    你今晚犯了3个语法错误。
18. The waiter made a mistake over the bill.
    侍者把账单弄错了。
19. It was a mistake to tell him.
    告诉他是个错误。
20. It would be a mistake to assume we've heard the last of this issue.
    认为我们不需要再讨论这一问题那会是一个错误。
21. It's a mistake to lay too much emphasis on grades.
    过分强调分数是错的。
22. I think it was a mistake telling him about our plans.
    我觉得把计划告诉他是个错误。

～+of v -ing

1. We made the mistake of leaving our bedroom window open last night.
   我们昨天晚上不该让卧室窗户开着。

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. He mistook the date, and arrived two days early.
   他弄错了日期,早到了两天。
2. We've mistaken the house.
   我们走错了屋子。
3. I mistook the direction.
   我搞错方向了。
4. Don't mistake him, if he says he'll help you, he'll do so.
   不要误解他; 如果他说他将帮助你,那他会这样做的。
5. She mistook my meaning entirely.
   她完全误会了我的意思。
6. They completely mistook his reasons for doing it.
   他们完全误解了他做这件事的原因。
7. They mistake their man if they think they can frighten him.
   如果他们认为可以把他吓倒,那是认错人了。
8. You can't mistake his car in the busiest streets; he's painted it bright red.
   你在最繁忙的街上不会认错他的车,他把它漆成了鲜红色。
1
9. He said so, if I am not mistaken.
   如果我没弄错的话,他就是这么说的。
10. He is the right man to do it, if I am not mistaken.
    要是我没有弄错的话,他就是做那件事的合适人选。
11. I thought I heard the telephone but I was mistaken.
    我以为听到了电话铃声,可是我听错了。

S+～+wh-clause

1. I mistook what he said.
   我误解了他说的话。
2. You must have mistaken what I said.
   你一定是误解了我的话。
3. His tones underlined his meaning so that no one could mistake what he meant.
   他的语气使得他的意思很突出,以致没人能误解他的意思。
4. I think you are mistaking how far the responsibility goes.
   我想你还没有明确你的责任范围。

经典引文

• It is a great mistake to think that a building looks better for being empty.

  出自： J. T. Micklethwaite

• I..was worried to find silly mistakes creeping into my calculations, mistakes like writing down a number wrongly.

  出自： F. Chichester

• When blind ambition quite mistakes her road.

  出自： E. Young

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

by mistake

错误地 as a result of carelessness, forgetfulness, etc.; in error

in mistake for

错当成 thinking wrongly that sth is sth else

make no mistake (about)

完全可以肯定 it is quite certain; there can be no doubt about it

用作动词 (v.)

If I mistake not

如果我没弄错的话 if I don't make a mistake

mistake about〔in〕 (v.+prep.)

弄错,看错 have the wrong idea about〔in〕 (sb/sth)
be mistaken about〔in〕 sb/sth/v-ing
How could she have been mistaken about a thing like that?

像那样的事情她竟然会搞错?
I am sorry,I was mistaken about you.

对不起,我错怪你了。
I was mistaken about her age.

我弄错她的年龄了。
She's mistaken about the name of the hotel.

她把这家旅馆的名字搞错了。
You are mistaken in that.

你误会那事了。
You were mistaken in assuming it.

你这样臆断是错了。

mistake for (v.+prep.)

把…错认为,错把…当作 think wrongly that sb/sth is sb/sth else
mistake sb/sth for sb/sth
Undoubtedly you have mistaken me for sb else.

无疑你是认错人了。
Because they are very much alike people are always mistaking him for his twin brother.

因为他们长得非常相像,人们总把他错认为是他的孪生兄弟。
They mistook me for the manager.

他们错把我当成经理了。
She mistook him for the professor.

她把他错当作教授了。
They mistook that stick for a snake.

他们把这根手杖误当成了一条蛇。
I mistook the house for a hotel.

我把这栋房子错当作旅馆了。
Tyrants often mistake fear for respect.

暴君常常错把恐惧当尊敬。
You mustn't mistake lack of formal education for lack of wisdom.

你绝不能误认为没有受到正规教育就是没有学问。
She is often mistaken for her twin sister.

她常被人当作是她的孪生姐妹。
He was mistaken for a leader.

他被误认为是领导人。
I was mistaken for a spy.

我被人错当成间谍。
He was mistaken for an enemy scout and badly wounded.

他被误认为敌人的侦察兵,受了重伤。

There be no mistaking...

绝不可能搞错… there is no possibility of being about sb/sth

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• admit one's mistake 承认错误
• avoid a mistake 避免错误
• bare a mistake 暴露错误
• commit a mistake 犯错误
• correct a mistake 改正错误
• detect the mistake 发现错误
• duplicate a mistake 重犯同样的错误
• eradicate mistake 消除误会
• find out a mistake 找出错误
• have a mistake 有错误
• learn from past mistakes 从犯过的错误中学习,吸取教训
• make a mistake 犯错误
• note a mistake 注意错误
• obscure a mistake 掩饰错误
• observe a mistake 说明所犯过失,注意所犯错误
• obviate a mistake 避免错误
• overlook a mistake 忽略错误
• pardon a mistake 原谅过失
• rectify a mistake 改正错误
• regard mistake 注意所犯过失
• repeat a mistake 重犯错误
• score mistakes in red ink 用红墨水划出错的地方

形容词+～

• absurd mistake 可笑的错误
• all mistakes 所有的错误
• awful mistake 可怕的错误
• bad mistake 严重的错误〔过失〕
• careless mistakes 粗心错误
• common mistake 共同的错误,常见的错误
• costly mistake 造成重大损失的错误
• disastrous mistake 灾难性的错误
• dreadful mistake 可怕的错误
• fatal mistake 致命的错误
• foolish mistake 愚蠢的错误
• grave mistake 严重的错误
• horrible mistake 可怕的错误
• inexcusable mistake 不可原谅的错误
• laughable mistake 可笑的错误
• little mistakes 小错误
• main mistake 主要错误
• major mistake 大错误
• minor mistake 小错误
• past mistakes 过去的错误,以往的错误
• regrettable mistake 令人遗憾的错误
• ridiculous mistake 可笑的错误,荒谬的错误
• sad mistake 惨痛的错误〔过失〕
• serious mistake 严重的错误〔过失〕
• silly mistake 愚蠢的错误
• single mistake 个别的错误,单个的错误
• slight mistake 小错误
• strange mistake 不可思议的错误
• stupid mistake 愚蠢的错误
• terrible mistake 可怕的错误
• traffic mistake 交通上的错误
• unavoidable mistake 不可避免的错误
• unfortunate mistake 不幸的错误

介词+～

• beyond mistake 确信无疑
• by mistake 弄错
• in mistake 错当成
• through mistake 由于错误

～+介词

• mistake about〔in〕 在…方面的错
• mistakes in grammar 语法错误

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• mistake a pig for a dog 不辨菽粟,行动愚蠢
• mistake a road 走错路
• mistake sb's meaning 误解某人的意思
• mistake sb's purpose 误解某人的意图
• mistake the hour 弄错时间
• mistake the house 认错门

～+副词

• mistake absurdly 荒谬地估计错误
• mistake completely 完全误解
• mistake curiously 严重误解
• mistake decidedly 明显地弄错
• mistake desperately 完全误解
• mistake entirely 完全误解
• mistake felicitously 弄巧成拙
• mistake greatly 完全误解
• mistake grievously 令人伤心地误解
• mistake grossly 明显地弄错
• mistake inexcusably 不可避免地误解
• mistake ludicrously 荒唐地错误
• mistake pathetically 感情上的误解
• mistake perniciously 恶意误解
• mistake surely 肯定误解
• mistake tragically 悲伤地误解

～+介词

• mistake about 弄错,看错
• mistake for 把…误认为〔当作〕
• mistake in 弄错,看错

词语用法

n. (名词)

1. mistake的基本意思是“错误,过失”,词义笼统,使用广泛,可指没有做对或做得不好的事物,也可指错误的想法或见解,还可指“误解”或“误会”。mistake多由认识或判断上的错误或粗心、遗忘所致。常用于语法、词汇、拼写、计算、行为、决策等。
2. mistake后可接介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词作定语。接about表示“关于…的错误”,接in表示“某方面的错误”。
3. “犯错误”不说do a mistake,而说make a mistake; “错误地”不说for mistake,而说by mistake。

v. (动词)

1. mistake的基本意思是把某人〔事物〕给“弄错”了,也可作“认不出”解,引申可表示“误解”“歪曲”了某人的意思或意图。
2. mistake既可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,可接名词、代词或以疑问词引导的从句作宾语。
3. mistake后接about或in可表示“弄错”“看错”,接for可表示“错看成”“错认为”。
4. mistake还常用于There be no mistaking ... 句式中,意为“不会看〔听〕不出来…”,后面可接名词、代词或以疑问词引导的从句。
5. 构成否定, mistake有时可以不借助do〔does,did〕,如习语If I mistake not,尤其用在口语中。

词义辨析

n. (名词)

mistake, error, fault, flaw

• 这四个词都有“缺点,错误”的意思。其区别是：
• 1.fault, flaw主要指“毛病,缺点”; mistake, error主要指“错误”。
• 2.fault多指性格、心智状态、情绪、行为或习惯中的“缺点”。例如:
• The dean demands perfection in others, but cannot see faults in himself.系主任要求别人完美无缺,却看不到自己的缺点。
• 3.error可指任何错误,也可指笔误,印刷上或计算上的错误。例如:
• Please pardon any error that you may discover in my letter.请原谅在我的信中你发现的一些错误。
• This book contains a lot of printer's errors.这本书有很多印刷错误。
• 4.mistake指判断或理解方面的错误,或是由于缺乏思考或疏忽而造成的错误。例如:
• I used your ink by mistake.我用错了你的墨水。
• He made some spelling mistakes in his test paper.在考试试卷中,他犯了拼写错误。

下面两个句子的意思相同:

• It was a mistake to appoint her.
• It was a mistake appointing her.
• 任命她是一种错误。

v. (动词)

mistake, confound, confuse

• 这三个词的共同意思是“混淆”。它们之间的区别是：mistake强调产生进一步的后果或作出进一步的动作; confuse指由于未能区别两种类似的或有共同特点的事物而产生混淆; confound则通常强调由于思维混乱或愚笨而产生概念不清。

常见错误

n. (名词)

1. 我们出了很多错。

   误 We have done many mistakes.

   正 We have made many mistakes.

   正 We have committed many mistakes.

   析 表示“犯错误,做错”,不用do与mistake搭配,而可用make或commit。

2. 我错拿了他的书包。

   误 I took his bag for mistake.

   正 I took his bag by mistake.

   析 by mistake的意思是“错误地”,其中的介词by不可换成其他的介词。

3. 他在这篇作文里犯了许多拼写错误。

   误 He made many mistakes on spelling in the composition.

   正 He made many mistakes in spelling in the composition.

   析 说“某方面的错误”用介词in,而不用介词on。

v. (动词)

1. 他们俩长得很像,常常被人认错。

   误 They are so alike that one is often mistaken as the other.

   正 They are so alike that one is often mistaken for the other.

   析 表示“错把…当作…”“误认为”时, mistake要与介词for搭配,而不与as搭配。

词源解说

• ☆ 14世纪初期进入英语，直接源自古北欧语的mistaka，意为错误，小产。

近反义词

【近义词】

• error
• false
• misjudgement
• oversight
• confuse
• misjudge
• misobserve
• misunderstand

【反义词】

• take