lose

英 [luːz] 美 [luːz]

• vt. 丢失；失败；削减；丧生；看不到；亏损；迷失
• vi. 失败；经受损失；走慢

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. 丢失

   come to be without, as through carelessness;fail to find

2. vt. & vi. 失败

   fail to win

3. vt. & vi. 浪费

   waste

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 亏损

v. 动词

1. 输掉
2. 失败
3. 丢失
4. 走慢
5. 错过
6. 输去
7. 受损失
8. 使失去
9. 抓不住
10. 未赢得
11. 白费
12. 赔钱
13. 使沉湎于
14. 亏本
15. 使迷惑
16. 迷失
17. 使迷路
18. 看不见
19. 使迷糊不清
20. 慢
21. 遗失
22. 浪费
23. 损失
24. 丧失
25. 被…夺去
26. 被逼放弃
27. 降低
28. 减少
29. 渐渐丧失
30. 不明白
31. 听不见
32. 弄不懂

英英释义

Verb:

1. fail to keep or to maintain; cease to have, either physically or in an abstract sense;

   "She lost her purse when she left it unattended on her seat"
   

2. fail to win;

   "We lost the battle but we won the war"
   

3. suffer the loss of a person through death or removal;

   "She lost her husband in the war"
   "The couple that wanted to adopt the child lost her when the biological parents claimed her"
   

4. place (something) where one cannot find it again;

   "I misplaced my eyeglasses"
   

5. miss from one's possessions; lose sight of;

   "I've lost my glasses again!"
   

6. allow to go out of sight;

   "The detective lost the man he was shadowing after he had to stop at a red light"
   

7. fail to make money in a business; make a loss or fail to profit;

   "I lost thousands of dollars on that bad investment!"
   "The company turned a loss after the first year"
   

8. fail to get or obtain;

   "I lost the opportunity to spend a year abroad"
   

9. retreat

10. fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind;

    "I missed that remark"
    "She missed his point"
    "We lost part of what he said"
    

11. be set at a disadvantage;

    "This author really suffers in translation"
    

例句

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. I lost my wallet yesterday.
   我昨天丢了钱包。
2. It's only the second time the team has lost a match this season.
   那仅仅是本赛季该队的第二次失利而已。
3. The game will lose its relish when you grow old.
   你年纪大了以后,就会发现这种游戏的趣味大打折扣了。
4. He lost his life in the war.
   他在战争中丧生。
5. The truth is that we're so focused on what we are doing that we often lose sight of where we are going.
   其实,我们经常过于专注眼前的事情,而看不到前进的方向。
6. How much do they stand to lose by this merger?
   这次合并，他们要遭受多大损失？
7. We should travel according to the guide's instructions, otherwise, we shall lose our way.
   我们应该按照向导的指导旅行,否则会迷失方向的。

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

1. Merely to maintain is to lose in the end.
   止步不前,终将遭到失败。
2. We have got so many debts; we have nothing more to lose.
   我们已经背负了这么多债务,实在损失不起了。
3. Does your watch gain or lose?
   你的表走得快,还是走得慢？

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. Our strength lies in the people, and together we cannot lose.
   我们的力量在于人民,大家团结在一起就不会失败。
2. The invalid is losing.
   病人日益衰弱。
3. Does your watch gain or lose?
   你的表走得快还是走得慢?

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. I cannot write to her as I've lost her address.
   我丢失了她的地址,没法给她写信。
2. We guarantee we'll never lose an inch of ground.
   我们保证绝不丢失一寸土地。
3. He nearly lost his eyesight.
   他几乎失明了。
4. They have gradually lost their illusions about winning the war.
   他们对打赢那场战争已渐渐失去幻想。
5. I've just lost his name.
   我一下忘记了他的名字。
6. After five hundred he lost count.
   数过了500,他就忘记数到哪儿了。
7. Hurry up or we will lose the train.
   快点,要不就赶不上火车了。
8. Losing the post, he failed to send out the letters.
   他没赶上邮局收信的时间,未能把那些信寄出去。
9. I hope we won't lose the competition.
   我希望我们不会输掉这场比赛。
10. The team played well, but lost the game.
    这个球队打得不错,但还是输了这场比赛。
11. I lost myself.
    我迷失了方向。
12. She lost her reason.
    她失去了理智。
13. Mark was surrounded by so many dangers that he lost his balance.
    马克感到自己处于危险之中,因此心慌意乱。
14. I keep trying to get Keith to tidy his room but I'm losing my battle.
    我一直要凯思整理自己的房间,但看来我这样做是徒劳的。
15. He lost his health at last.
    最后他的身体垮了。
16. While climbing up the stairs the old man always loses his breath.
    那老人上楼时总是气喘吁吁的。
17. You asked that poor little girl so many questions that she almost lost her bearings.
    你问了那可怜的小姑娘那么多问题,她几乎被搞糊涂了。
18. We're going to steal some apples from Farmer Jones's orchard. Why won't you come with us?Lost your bottle?
    我们要去农民琼斯的果园里偷苹果,你为什么不和我们一起去?你害怕了?
19. The mayor lost control of himself for a moment, but he soon calmed down.
    有那么一会儿,市长也忍不住发起了脾气,但他很快就镇静下来了。
20. The teacher has lost control of the class;he will have to be replaced.
    这个老师已控制不住该班,他将被撤换掉。
21. Although the group was in danger from a threatened avalanche, their guide never lost his cool.
    尽管这伙人面临雪崩的危险,但他们的向导仍不失常态。
22. He was so interested in the TV programme that he lost time.
    他兴趣盎然地观看那个电视节目,耽误了时间。
23. In times of difficulty, we must not lose hope.
    我们在面临困难的时候,不要丧失希望。
24. Sorry, would you mind repeating that point?I seem to have lost the drift of the argument.
    对不起,请你重复一下你那个论点,在辩论中我似乎没有搞清楚。
25. The child must go and see a doctor, he has lost his colour lately.
    这孩子必须去看医生,他近来气色不佳。
26. He lost his patience when he broke the key in the lock.
    当钥匙断在锁中时,他失去了耐心。
27. John's careless work made him lose face with his employer.
    约翰粗心的工作使他在雇主面前丢了脸。
28. The difficulty is going to be how to admit the mistake without losing face.
    难就难在既要承认错误,又要不失面子。
29. For several years,Britain has steadily lost ground in the markets for manufactured goods.
    这些年来,英国已在持续不断地失去商品市场。
30. The colonel seemed to lose his head as we went into action, and as a consequence the regiment suffered many casualties.
    当我们投入战斗时,上校的样子很慌张,结果这个团遭受了大量的伤亡。
31. She lost her head when she found the house on fire.
    她发现房子着了火而惊慌失措。
32. When the fire broke out in the movies, the people lost their heads and ran in all directions.
    电影院起火时,人们惊慌失措,四处奔逃。
33. If that politician hadn't gotten angry and lost his head, he would never have slandered his opponent.
    如果那位政客不曾动怒,不曾失去自制,他绝不会诽谤对手的。
34. I'm very sorry I lost my head completely, but I promise you it won't happen again.
    我很后悔当时我完全失去了理智,但是我向你保证,以后不再发生这样的事。
35. The young technical innovator didn't lose heart though the new system was not yet brought into a workable condition.
    尽管这种新系统尚未达到切实可行的状况,这位青年技术革新者也没有泄气。
36. He lost heart when he heard that she was going to marry.
    当听说她要出嫁时,他很失望。
37. Coward as he was, he lost heart at the news.
    他是个懦夫,听到这个消息就灰心了。
38. She seemed to lose heart in the business after that.
    从那以后,她对这事似乎心灰意冷了。
39. John studies very hard and never loses heart in face of difficulties.
    约翰学习非常努力,在困难面前从不灰心。
40. She never loses heart whatever she does.
    无论她做什么,她从不灰心。
41. The actor has lost his hold of the fans.
    这位演员对戏迷已不再有吸引力了。
42. He lost a lot of money over coffee.
    他在喝咖啡上花了不少钱。
43. Poor old Bernard has started shouting at strangers in the street;he must have lost his marbles.
    可怜的老伯纳德开始在大街上朝陌生人大喊大叫,他准是疯了。
44. He lost no time in returning to the laboratory.
    他立刻回到实验室。
45. We lost no time in making a decision.
    我们立即作出决定。
46. The doctor lost no time in prescribing a treatment and writing out a prescription.
    医生立刻写了疗法并且开出处方。
47. I lost no time in sending the joyful news to my parents at home.
    我立刻把喜讯传给了家里的父母。
48. He is apt to lose his temper.
    他很容易发怒。
49. The nurses in the kindergarten never lose their temper even if the children are very naughty.
    即使孩子非常淘气,幼儿园的阿姨也从不发脾气。
50. I dare say nothing when my father loses his temper.
    父亲发火时,我什么也不敢说。
51. It's no good losing your temper over trifles.
    为小事发脾气实在没好处。
52. He became angry and completely lost his temper.
    他怒气冲天,大发雷霆。
53. Don't lose your temper so quickly, it will only lead you into trouble.
    不要动不动就发脾气,那只会给你带来苦恼和麻烦。
54. Hearing this sarcastic remark, he lost his temper.
    一听到挖苦的话,他就生气。
55. The naughty boy lost his tongue in the presence of the headmaster.
    这顽皮的孩子一到校长面前就不敢作声了。
56. She had lost her way.
    她迷路了。
57. Be careful not to lose your way.
    小心别迷了路。
58. It's easy to lose your way in the wood on a rainy day.
    下雨天在林中很容易迷路。
59. She walked through the woods in the dark and lost her way.
    她在夜间穿过树林,结果迷了路。
60. The driver was a stranger here so he lost his way in the storm.
    这位司机初来乍到,在风暴中迷了路。
61. In order not to lose my way coming back,I choose the wide road.
    为了在回来时不迷路,我走大路。
62. In no circumstances should a well-educated person lose his senses.
    在任何情况下,受过良好教育的人都不能丧失理智。
63. The doctor advised John to lose weight.
    医生建议约翰减肥。
64. He has lost much weight since he began to diet.
    自从节食以来,他的体重减轻了许多。
65. Do write me as often as you can.I don't want to lose touch with you.
    务必要经常给我写信,我不愿同你失去联系。
66. No one whom he has taught seems ever to lose touch with him.
    他教过的学生似乎都与他保持联系。
67. He's lost all track of her since they left school.
    自毕业后,他完全失去了和她的联系。
68. After Jones moved to London, we lost all track of him.
    自从琼斯搬到伦敦后,我们就完全和他失去了联系。
69. We lost all track of time.
    我们完全不知是什么时候了。
70. John lost track of the money he spent this month.
    约翰记不清他这个月花了多少钱。
71. He soon lost track of how much money he had spent.
    他很快就记不清自己花了多少钱。
72. We must not lose sight of this fact.
    我们一定不要忽略这个事实。
73. Under no circumstances should we lose sight of our main objective.
    在任何情况下,我们都不能忘记自己的宗旨。
74. They lost sight of the reasons for which they went to war.
    他们忘记了他们去打仗的理由。
75. No matter how rich and famous he became, he never lost sight of the fact that he was born in the slums.
    无论他已多么富有和出名,他从不忘记他出生于贫民窟。
76. These grand schemes are all very well, but we mustn't lose sight of the fact that somebody has to pay for them.
    这些宏伟的计划当然十分好,但我们别忘了,得有人要为它们出钱。
77. We lost sight of him in the crowd.
    我们在人群里看不见他了。
78. At a distance you lose sight of the town.
    在远处,你看不见这个城市。
79. We soon lost sight of the boat in the dense fog.
    我们很快就看不见那条淹没在浓雾中的船只了。
80. We watched the plane go higher and higher until we lost sight of it.
    我们看着飞机越飞越高,直到看不见为止。
81. At last the islanders lost sight of the vessel.
    最后,岛上的居民看不见那只船了。
82. I have lost sight of my old friend for many years.
    我已多年没有老友的音讯了。
83. We have lost sight of him since he went abroad .
    在他出国以后,我们就失去了联系。
84. I have lost sight of him entirely.
    我和他完全失掉了联系。
1
85. The books seem to be lost.
    那些书好像是丢失了。
86. Your labour will not be lost.
    你们的努力不会白费。

用作双宾动词

S+～+ pron./n. + n./pron.

1. This mistake will lose you many marks.
   这个错误要扣你好多分。
2. This fatal miscalculation lost them the final victory.
   这个致命的错误估计使他们未能夺得最后胜利。
3. Failure to pay one instalment would lose them all that they have already paid.
   分期付款中只要一期不付,就会使他们失去全部已付款项。
4. The strike has lost that U.S. firm lots of profits.
   这次罢工使那家美国公司损失了大笔利润。

经典引文

• What to ourselves in passion we propose, The passion ending, doth the purpose lose.

  出自：Hamlet , Shakespeare

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

lose at (v.+prep.)

在…(比赛)中失败 fail to win at (game)
lose at sth
I always lose at cards, with my bad luck.

我不走运,打牌总输。
How much money did you lose at the races?

赛马会上你输了多少钱?

lose by (v.+prep.)

因…蒙受损失;因…失去 suffer a disadvantage from sth or doing sth
lose by sth
Put your money into our savings plan, and you can't lose by it.

按我们的储蓄计划把钱存起来,你就不会蒙受什么损失。 lose sth by sth
The government may lose seats by the reorganization of voting areas.

政府可能会因为调整选区而失去席位。

lose in (v.+prep.)

(指某种声音)被(其他声音)淹没,吞没 be drowned by (other sounds)
lose sth/oneself in sth
We lost ourselves in the dark.

我们在黑暗中迷路。
One loses oneself easily in such a big city.

在这样的大城市里很容易迷路。
My little daughter lost herself in the department store yesterday.

昨天，我的小女儿在百货商场里迷了路。
I've lost my ring in the garden.

我把戒指丢在花园里了。
I always get lost in a strange city.

到陌生城市我常常迷路。 lose oneself in sth
I can always lose myself in a good book.

一本好书会使我爱不释手。
Mary was lost in the details of a new sewing pattern.

玛丽埋头研究一个新的剪裁花样。 lose in sth
The effect of the story loses in translation.

这个故事一经翻译便失去了原来的效果。 lose sth in sth
The chairman's remarks were lost in the public's shouts of disapproval.

主席讲的话被淹没在一片反对的呼声中。

lose on (v.+prep.)

吃亏 have less money than when one started
lose on sth
We lost on that job.

我们在那件事上吃亏了。

lose out (v.+adv.)

损失;失败 suffer a loss or defeat
lose out
We lost out in the election simply because the opposition had more money to run their campaign.

我们在这次大选中被击败了,这完全是因为反对党有更多的钱进行竞选活动。
You often lose out when you bet on horse races.

你在赛马打赌时,常常输掉。

lose to (v.+prep.)

失去,败给,没有 displace to, fail to
lose to sb
England lost to Australia.

英国队输给了澳大利亚队。 lose sb/sth/oneself to sb
He lost himself to her.

他完全听她的。
She seems to have lost her heart to you.

她似乎已爱上了你。
She lost her heart to the man with the broad shoulders and deep voice.

她爱上了那位宽肩且声音浑厚的男子。
Now his daughter was lost to him for ever.

现在他永远失去了他的女儿。
The opportunity was lost to him.

他失去了那个机会。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• lose a battle 打败仗
• lose a competition 输掉比赛
• lose a game 输一局
• lose a leg 失去一条腿
• lose a part of one's a finger 丧失了一段手指
• lose a quality 失去品性
• lose advantage 失去优势
• lose an ability 丧失能力
• lose an argument 输掉辩论
• lose attitude 失态
• lose belief 失去信念
• lose blood 失血
• lose business 失去生意
• lose chance 错过机会
• lose control 控制不住
• lose courage 失去勇气
• lose face 丢面子
• lose good looks 失去美貌
• lose heat 失去了热量
• lose height (飞机)降低高度
• lose husband 失去丈夫
• lose interest in 对…失去兴趣
• lose keys 丢钥匙
• lose nothing 并不吃亏
• lose one's hair 失去头发
• lose one's head 发狂,失去理智
• lose one's heart 十分喜爱
• lose one's hold 管束不住,掌握不住
• lose one's job 失业
• lose one's life 牺牲
• lose one's sense of direction 辨不清方向
• lose one's teeth 失去牙齿
• lose one's train 误火车
• lose one's way 迷路
• lose oneself 迷失方向,迷路
• lose reason 失去理智
• lose sight of 看不见,忽略,忘记
• lose speed 逐渐减速
• lose support 失宠,失去权势
• lose the last words of one's speech 没听见某人讲话的最后几句
• lose the match 输掉比赛
• lose the war 输掉这场战争
• lose weight 减肥

～+副词

• lose nearly 差不多失去了
• lose automatically 自动丧失
• lose completely 完全丧失
• lose considerably 很大地损失
• lose easily 容易丢失
• lose eventually 最终丧失
• lose fatally 致命地丢失
• lose freely 随意地丧失
• lose frequently 经常丢失
• lose gravely 严重地丢失
• lose heavily 很大地损失
• lose hopelessly 无望地失败
• lose immeasurably 无可估量地损失
• lose intimately 很快丢失
• lose invariably 不变地丧失
• lose irrevocably 不能挽回地丧失
• lose mistakenly 错误地丢失
• lose mortally 致命地丢失
• lose practically 几乎失败
• lose rarely 很少失败
• lose really 真正丢失
• lose regretfully 遗憾地丢失
• lose resolutely 绝对地丢失
• lose superficially 表面上丢失
• lose thoroughly 彻底失败
• lose unbelievably 不可思议地丢失
• lose unexpectedly 出乎意外地丢失
• lose utterly 完全丢失
• lose out 输掉,失败
• lose out on the deal 做交易失败了
• lose out to sth 被某物取代

～+介词

• lose among the trees 在树丛中消失
• lose at cards 输牌
• lose at sea 在海上遇难
• lose by a neck (赛马中)以一头之差失败,以些微之差输掉
• lose from 由于…丢失
• lose in beauty 失去美貌
• lose in the telling (故事)讲起来没有趣
• lose in thought 深思
• lose on〔upon〕 在…上赔(钱)
• lose on the deal 在交易中亏损
• lose one's head over 为…而失去理智
• lose to sb 输给某人

词语用法

1. lose no time in ...一般表示“赶快去……”，有时也表示“不白费时间在……”。在容易产生歧义的场合应避免使用。注意in有时被省略。

   I lost no time (in) following up the idea.
   我要赶紧跟进这个想法。

2. lost to...通常作“失去了……”解，不过应在容易被误会的场合避免使用。

   The opportunity was lost to him.
   他失去了机会。

3. lose后可跟双宾语。

   His laziness lost him his job.
   他的懒惰使他失去了职位。

4. lose是短暂动词，所以不可用于完成时态。

   He has lost his pen for a week.
   第一句的表达方式是错误的，后面两句的表达方式是正确的。

5. lose作“迷路”意时为及物动词，后面须跟宾语，如lose one's way。

v. (动词)

1. lose的基本意思是“丢失”“失去”,指因事故、过失、不幸、死亡等原因失去拥有的东西等,含有不能再找回来的意思,也可指人失去了品性、信念、态度等或陷入沉思或埋头于某事物之中。还可引申表示人在比赛、辩论中输掉或某人浪费有用的、宝贵的事物诸如机会、时间、优点等。lose在作不及物动词时还可表示“(表)走慢了”。
2. lose用作及物动词时,后接名词或代词作宾语,有时可接双宾语,表示“使…失去”。
3. lose是瞬间动词,通常不与表示一段时间的状语连用。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

lose one's place, lose one's position

• 这两个短语都是由lose引起的短语,其中place和position都表示“位置”。其区别是：
• 前者的意思是“找不到地方”;后者的意思是“失去职务”。例如:
• We lost our place because we lost sight of building.
• 由于我们看不见那座楼,我们就找不 到地方了。
• Nobody knew what had lost his position.
• 谁也不知道是什么使他失去职务。

be lost in, be lost on, be lost to

• 这组短语都由lose的被动结构加介词所构成。其区别是：
• be lost in表示“充满着”;be lost on表示“失效”,含有“不起作用”的意思;be lost to则表示“丧失了…”“感觉不到”。例如:
• I was lost in admiration for your perform- ance under such difficult conditions.
• 我对你在如此条件下作出的成绩钦 佩不已。
• Your advice was lost on them.
• 你的劝告对他们起不了作用。
• They were lost to all sense of shame.
• 他们恬不知耻。

lose way, lose the/one's way

• 这两个短语的意思不同,前者的意思是“减速”,后者的意思是“迷路”。试比较：
• The bus came losing way into the stop.
• 巴士减速进站。
• He lost his way in the mist.
• 他在雾霭中迷了路。

lose, mislay, miss

• 这三个动词都有“丢失”的意思。其区别是：
• 1.lose语气较强,是常用语,指偶然遗失东西,而且暗示永远失去。用作及物动词时,后面常接钱财、物品、机会等名词。
• 2.miss意义专一,指人们察觉到东西已经丢失,含有可能找回之义,可以用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词,其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词或从句。例如:
• He fired two shots, both missed.他打了两枪,都没有打中。
• I didn't miss the key until I got home and found it wasn't in my bag.直到我回到家,想从包里拿钥匙时,才发现它不见了。
• I missed seeing the film when it was shown at school.那电影在学校放映时我没有去看。
• It seems that we have missed our chance.好像我们已失去了机会。
• 3.mislay指把某物放在想不起来的地方,也可作“遗失”解。例如:
• Oh dear,I've mislaid my glasses again.哎呀!我又忘记把我的眼镜放在什么地方了。

lose, forget, leave

• 这组词都有“遗忘”的意思。其区别在于：
• 1.lose指由于着急而一时想不起来。例如:
• He lost his nerve and his memory for names.他不知所措且想不起名字来。
• 2.forget指由于记忆上的忽略而对某人或某物失去了印象,这种“忘记”可能只是暂时的,也可能是长久的,且有“疏忽,忽略”之义。例如:
• Don't forget your duties.别玩忽职守。
• We mustn't forget our origin.我们不能忘本。
• I clean forgot to ask him about it.我完全忘了向他打听那件事。
• I forgot reading the book.我忘记了以前读过这本书。
• 3.leave指忘记带了某物,有较强的感情色彩,强调“不在”。例如:
• He left his keys in his bed.他把钥匙遗忘在床上了。
• Oh dear! The travelling bag has been left.哎呀!忘拿旅行袋了。

下面各组中的两句话意思相同：

• We lost 2000 yuan on that job.
• That job lost us 2000 yuan .
• 我们在那项工作上亏损2000元。
• Be five minutes slow.
• Lose five minutes.
• (钟、表)慢5分钟。
• America lost to Australia.
• America lost the match against Australia.
• 美国队输给了澳大利亚队。

lose，miss，misplace

• 这些动词均有“丢失、遗失”之意。
• lose最普通用词，侧重遗失了，难以找回来。
• miss着重发觉某人或某物不见的瞬间，也可作思念解。
• misplace指反映东西放错或故意放错地方。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 弗雷特因自行车在山上失控而撞在一棵树上。

   误 Fred lost his cycle's control on the hill and ran into a tree.

   正 Fred lost control of his cycle on the hill and ran into a tree.

   析 lose control of sth 为固定短语,意思是“对…失控”。

2. 由于战争,他们彼此失去了联系。

   误 They fail touch with each other because of the war.

   正 They lost touch with each other because of the war.

   析 lose touch with为固定短语,意思是“与…失去了联系”。

3. 他一星期前丢了钢笔。

   误 He has lost his pen for a week.

   正 He lost his pen a week ago.

   析 lose是瞬间动词,通常不与表示一段时间的状语连用。

4. 不管遇到什么困难,我们绝不能灰心丧气。

   误 No matter what difficulties may come our way, we must never lose our heart.

   正 No matter what difficulties may come our way, we must never lose heart.

5. 我们在工作中遇到挫折时从不灰心。

   误 We never lose our heart when we encounter setbacks in our work.

   正 We never lose heart when we encounter setbacks in our work.

6. 她爱上了那个英语老师。

   误 She lost heart to the English teacher.

   正 She lost her heart to the English teacher.

   析 “失去信心”是lose heart, heart前不用冠词,也不可用物主代词;而“爱上某人”是lose one's heart to sb。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的losian，意为失去，消失；最初源自原始日耳曼语的lausa，意为军队被打散。

近反义词

【近义词】

• default
• deplete
• displace
• drop
• duck
• escape
• evade
• fail
• forfeit
• forget
• pass
• yield

【反义词】

• gain
• make
• win