ill

英 [ɪl] 美 [ɪl]

• adj. 坏的；有病的；恶意的；引起痛苦的
• adv. 恶劣地；勉强地
• n. 邪恶；不幸；祸害；坏话

双解释义

adj. (形容词)

1. [P]有病的,不健康的

   physically or mentally unwell, sick

2. [A]不好的,坏的

   not good; bad

3. [A]恶意的,敌意的

   unkind, resentful

adv. (副词)

1. 坏,恶劣地

   badly; wrongly

2. 不利地,不充分地

   unfavourably; not enough

详尽释义

adj. 形容词

1. 有病的，不健康的，要呕吐的
2. 坏的，邪恶的，有害的，令人讨厌的
3. 不利的，不吉利的
4. 不友善的，残酷的，冷酷无情的，敌意的
5. 不符标准的，不完美的，不恰当的，不良的
6. 不熟练的，拙劣的
7. <美俚>（因嫌疑而）被拘留的，被捕的
8. <古>难的

adv. 副词

1. 坏，恶劣地
2. 有害地
3. 不友善地，冷酷无情地
4. 不利地
5. 不完美地
6. 不幸地
7. 不恰当地
8. 拙劣地
9. 困难地

n. 名词

1. 病，疾病
2. 不幸，祸害，苦恼
3. 坏，恶行，伤害
4. 坏话，不利的意见
5. <古>罪恶

abbr. 缩略词

1. =illustrated, illustration, illustrator

英英释义

Noun:

1. an often persistent bodily disorder or disease; a cause for complaining

Adjective:

1. affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function;

   "ill from the monotony of his suffering"
   

2. resulting in suffering or adversity;

   "ill effects"
   "it's an ill wind that blows no good"
   

3. distressing;

   "ill manners"
   "of ill repute"
   

4. indicating hostility or enmity;

   "you certainly did me an ill turn"
   "ill feelings"
   "ill will"
   

5. presaging ill fortune;

   "ill omens"
   "ill predictions"
   "my words with inauspicious thunderings shook heaven"
   "a dead and ominous silence prevailed"
   "a by-election at a time highly unpropitious for the Government"
   

Adverb:

1. (`ill' is often used as a combining form) in a poor or improper or unsatisfactory manner; not well;

   "he was ill prepared"
   "it ill befits a man to betray old friends"
   "the car runs badly"
   "he performed badly on the exam"
   "the team played poorly"
   "ill-fitting clothes"
   "an ill-conceived plan"
   

2. unfavorably or with disapproval;

   "tried not to speak ill of the dead"
   "thought badly of him for his lack of concern"
   

3. with difficulty or inconvenience; scarcely or hardly;

   "we can ill afford to buy a new car just now"
   

例句

用作形容词 (adj.)

1. There's one bad apple for every three good ones.
   每四个苹果里就有一个坏的。
2. He was ill, but made out to be all right.
   他病了，但却装着没有病的样子。
3. These nouns refer to the feeling or expression of deep-seated ill will.
   这些名词指根深蒂固的恶意的感情或表述。
4. The new arrangement caused a lot of ill feeling.
   新的安排引起了许多人的不满。

用作副词 (adv.)

1. You should not speak ill of your friend.
   你不应该说你朋友的坏话。
2. Jim accepted that he was wrong with an ill grace.
   吉姆十分勉强地承认自己错了。
3. It would be mulish not to admit to a feeling of relief that Russia has accepted these changes without too much ill grace.
   俄罗斯已经不太勉强地接受这些改变，如果我们不承认一丝安慰，那就太顽固了。

用作名词 (n.)

1. It is better to fight for good than to rail at the ill.
   伸张正义，胜于嘲骂邪恶。
2. The world goes ill with the man who takes to drink.
   爱喝酒的人将有不幸之后果。
3. More unhappiness followed Mansfield when she became seriously ill.
   在她患重病时，不幸的事接踵而来。
4. The fear of ill exceeds the ill we fear.
   怕祸害比祸害本身更可怕。
5. I've never spoken ill of him in my life.
   我这辈子从来没说过他的坏话。
6. You should not speak ill of your friend.
   你不应该说你朋友的坏话。

常见句型

用作形容词 (adj.)

用作定语

～+ n.

1. He is a man of ill fame.
   他这个人名声很坏。
2. He broke away his ill habits.
   他改掉了自己的坏习惯。
3. Ill temper made him lose the job.
   坏脾气使他丢了工作。
4. The unusually heavy rainfall was an ill omen for the travellers.
   异乎寻常的大雨是旅行者的不祥之兆。
5. There's a lot of ill feeling about her being promoted.
   大家对她的提升十分反感。
6. On my return here, as ill luck would have it, this was the only room vacant.
   我回到这儿时,不凑巧,空屋子就只有这一间了。

用作表语

S+be+～

1. She became ill previous to her visit.
   她出访前病了。
2. He looks ill these days.
   近来,他气色不好。
3. He lay ill in bed for a month.
   他病了,卧床不起有一个月了。
4. He has been ill for many years.
   他病了好多年了。

S+be+～+ prep .-phrase

1. Even my father became ill from anxiety.
   连我父亲也急出病来。
2. I am ill of a fever.
   我在发高烧。
3. He was ill of gall stone.
   他患胆结石。
4. She was ill with anxiety.
   她忧虑成病。
5. He fell ill with a bad cold last month.
   他上月患重感冒。
6. He was ill through grief.
   他悲伤成疾。
7. He that is ill to himself will be good to nobody.
   不能自爱,焉能爱人。

S+be+～+to- v

1. Is he ill enough to need a doctor?
   他病得需要请医生吗?
2. He was too ill to eat much.
   他病得吃不下什么东西。

用作宾语补足语

S+V+O+～

1. He made himself ill by drinking.
   他因酗酒而病倒。

用作副词 (adv.)

用作状语

1. He often speaks ill of me behind my back.
   他常在背后说我的坏话。
2. Don't think ill of him.
   别把他想得很坏。
3. He speaks ill of his former friends.
   他把他过去的朋友说得很坏。
4. Sam was often ill treated when he worked on the rubber plantation.
   萨姆在橡胶种植园干活时,常受到虐待。
5. The whole affairs turned out ill.
   整个事情结果很糟糕。
6. A work ill done must be done twice.
   工作没做好就得重做。
7. The bridges are ill built.
   这些桥建得很糟糕。
8. It ill becomes you to speak so.
   你这么说是不大合适的。
9. Such conduct ill befits the occasion.
   这样的行为不大适合这种场合。
10. He is ill able to sustain the burden.
    他不大能承受得住这副重担。
11. His envy was ill concealed.
    他隐藏不住羡慕之情。
12. We can ill afford such extravagances.
    我们负担不起。
13. I'm ill prepared for it.
    对此我没有什么准备。
14. We can ill afford the time or money for a holiday.
    我们简直连度假的时间或金钱都没有。
15. The school boy took it ill that the teacher reproved him for idleness.
    这个小学生心里不痛快,因为老师责备他不用功。
16. They were ill provided with ammunition.
    他们的弹药供应不足。
17. The country can ill afford to wage a large war.
    这个国家经不起打一场大规模的战争。
18. What they did ill accords with the interests of this country.
    他们所做的事情不符合国家的利益。

经典引文

• Oh yet we trust that somehow good Will be the final goal of ill.

  出自： Tennyson

• The roads were dotted with roving characters of possibly ill intent.

  出自： T. Hardy

常用短语

用作形容词 (adj.)

it's an ill wind

失此得彼 an apparently unfavourable situation has its good aspects

用作副词 (adv.)

go ill with

于某人不利 end in trouble for sb

ill at ease

局促不安的,不自在的 uncomfortable

词汇搭配

用作形容词 (adj.)

～+名词

• ill blood 怨恨,恶意
• ill breeding 教养不好
• ill deeds 恶劣行为
• ill fortune 不幸
• ill health 不健康
• ill luck 不幸
• ill management 管理不善
• ill nature 劣根性
• ill will 怨恨,恶意

副词+～

• mentally ill 精神病
• physically ill 身体上不健康
• seriously ill 病重

动词+～

• fall ill 生病,病倒
• feel ill 心情不好
• lay ill 病倒了
• look ill 气色不好
• make sb ill 使某人难受

～+介词

• ill at ease 不安
• ill of 因…而病
• ill of a fever 发烧
• ill with 患…病

用作副词 (adv.)

动词+～

• behave ill 没规矩,态度不好
• care ill 疏于照看
• fare ill 倒霉,不顺利

词语用法

adj. (形容词)

1. ill作“有病的,不健康的”解时,一般指人得了某种疾病或身体不健康,在句中只用作表语。
2. ill作“坏的,恶意的”解时,通常就人的道德品质方面而言,含有谴责的意味,有时指主动的恶意,有时则仅指令人不快或不良之事,在句中只用作定语。
3. ill的比较级是worse,最高级是worst。

adv. (副词)

1. ill作副词时可作“坏,恶劣地”解,也可作“不利地,不充分地”解,在句中修饰动词作状语。
2. ill的比较级是worse,最高级是worst。

词义辨析

adj. (形容词)

ill, sick

• 这两个词的共同意思是“生病的”。其区别是：
• ill只用作表语,而sick既可用作表语,也可用作定语。另外,作“恶心”解时只用sick,作“坏的,糟的”解时只用ill。例如:
• She's visiting her sick uncle in hospital.她到医院去看望生病的叔叔。
• The man looks pretty sick.这人看上去病得很重。
• We began to feel sick as soon as the ship started to move.轮船刚刚开动,我们就觉得恶心。

ill, bad, evil, wicked

• 这组词的共同意思是“坏”。其区别是：
• 1.从所指范围上说, ill和bad范围最广,从稍有不利、不良到邪恶均可使用, evil和wicked指“邪恶”,程度较重。
• 2.从语气上说,从弱到强依次为bad, ill, evil , wicked。
• 3.evil多用于道德方面, wicked谴责意味最强。例如:
• That woman has an evil tongue.那女人有一张惯于恶语中伤的嘴。
• It's a wicked waste of money.这样浪费金钱简直是罪恶。
• 4.ill还可作“有病的,不健康的”解, bad还可作“不幸的,太可惜的”解。例如:
• Too bad you couldn't come last night.真可惜,你昨晚没能来。

ill, unwell

• 这两个词都有“感觉不适”的意思。unwell指短期生病, ill时间相对较长。另外, unwell语气较ill委婉。例如:
• I didn't go to the concert because I felt unwell that evening.因为感到不舒服,那天晚上我没去听音乐会。

bad，evil，ill，poor，wicked

• 这些形容词均含“坏的”之意。
• bad含义广泛，指任何不好的或不合需要的品质。
• evil语气比bad强，强调道德上的邪恶不良，含狡猾凶险或危害他人的意味。
• ill与evil意义接近，但语气弱一些，常指道德或性质方面的不良。
• poor普通用词，侧重指事物的质量或数量低于标准或不合要求。用于指天气与食品时可与bad通用。
• wicked语气比evil强，指居心叵测，任意违反道德标准，有意作恶。

ill，sick

• 这两个形容词均有“生病的”之意。
• ill在英国较常用，指“生病”时，通常作表语，不可作定语。在美国，ill用作表语时可与sick换用。
• sick多用于美国，作“生病”解时，既可作表语，也可作定语。在英国，sick作表语，不指生病，而指“恶心、呕吐”。

常见错误

adj. (形容词)

1. 那个生病的学生已缺课两天了。

   误 The ill student has been absent from school for two days.

   正 The sick student has been absent from school for two days.

2. 她没有来上学,因为她必须照顾她那生病的弟弟。

   误 She did not come to class because she had to look after her ill brother.

   正 She did not come to class because she had to look after her sick brother.

   析 ill作“有病的”解时,只能用作表语。ill作为定语是“坏的,拙劣的,不恰当的”意思, sick作“有病的”讲可用作表语,也可用作定语。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古挪威语的illr，意为病，邪恶。

近反义词

【近义词】

• diseased
• sick
• unwell

【反义词】

• healthy
• well