grain

英 [ɡreɪn] 美 [ɡreɪn]

• n. 谷物；谷类；微量；颗粒；纹理；格令
• v. 形成(颗粒)；(用谷物)喂养

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [U][C]谷粒,谷物,谷类

   a single seed of rice, wheat, or other similar food plants; crops from plants which produce these seeds, especially wheat

2. [C]小的硬粒

   tiny hard bit

3. [U](天然)纹理

   the natural arrangement of the threads or fibers in wood, flesh or cloth

4. [C]微量,一点儿

   very small amount

5. [U](物的)纹理; (人的)性情,脾气,天性

   the basic quality or characteristic of sth/sb

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 纹理，质地
2. 一点儿，少量，微量
3. 谷粒
4. 细粒，粒，颗粒
5. 谷物，谷类，粮食
6. 本质，气质
7. 格令（英美制最小重量单位，0.0648克）
8. 触感

v. 动词

1. （使）成粒状，把...作成细粒，（使）成颗粒，（使）结晶
2. 使深深渗入
3. 把…漆成木纹或石纹状
4. 对粒面进行处理，使（皮革）糙面光滑，对（皮革）粒面进行最后处理
5. 使表面粗糙
6. 染透
7. 刮去毛，把（兽皮）去毛，除去（兽皮）的毛
8. 仿照木纹把（某物）的表面漆成纹理
9. （用谷物）喂养
10. 形成（颗粒）

英英释义

Noun:

1. a relatively small granular particle of a substance;

   "a grain of sand"
   "a grain of sugar"
   

2. foodstuff prepared from the starchy grains of cereal grasses

3. the side of leather from which the hair has been removed

4. a weight unit used for pearls or diamonds: 50 mg or 1/4 carat

5. 1/60 dram; equals an avoirdupois grain or 64.799 milligrams

6. 1/7000 pound; equals a troy grain or 64.799 milligrams

7. dry seed-like fruit produced by the cereal grasses: e.g. wheat, barley, Indian corn

8. a cereal grass;

   "wheat is a grain that is grown in Kansas"
   

9. the smallest possible unit of anything;

   "there was a grain of truth in what he said"
   "he does not have a grain of sense"
   

10. the direction, texture, or pattern of fibers found in wood or leather or stone or in a woven fabric;

    "saw the board across the grain"
    

11. the physical composition of something (especially with respect to the size and shape of the small constituents of a substance);

    "breadfruit has the same texture as bread"
    "sand of a fine grain"
    "fish with a delicate flavor and texture"
    "a stone of coarse grain"
    

Verb:

1. thoroughly work in;

   "His hands were grained with dirt"
   

2. paint (a surface) to make it look like stone or wood

3. form into grains

4. become granular

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. We ship grain to Africa.
   我们把谷物运往非洲。
2. There are a few grains of rice in a bowl.
   碗中有几颗米粒。
3. There isn't a grain of truth in it.
   那事无丝毫真实性。
4. The coffee was good, but thick with grains.
   咖啡很好, 但满是粒子。
5. It's easiest to cut meat in the direction of the grain.
   切肉时顺着纹理切最容易。
6. Our new process locks up pounds of energy in every grain of the breakfast food.
   我们新的生产方法能使每一格令的早餐食品中包含多磅能量。

用作动词 (v.)

1. Physical isolation goes against the corporate grain, the hierarchy being organized around the office.
   身体上的隔绝违反合作意愿，使办公室周围形成特定阶层。
2. And those tears slowly took the form of the grain when they first covered it, and later they began to form a small sphere.
   最开始，裹住沙粒的泪水都成了沙的形状，后来就形成了一个小小的球形。
3. In China, many farmers grain the pigs.
   在中国,好多农民都是用谷物喂猪。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. Farmers produced millions of tons of grain to feed the nation.
   农民生产好几百万吨粮食供应全国。
2. The best-known grains are wheat,barley,oats,rye and maize.
   最为人们所熟知的粮食是小麦、大麦、燕麦、黑麦和玉米。
3. It is easiest to cut meat in the direction of the grain.
   切肉时顺着纹理切最容易。

经典引文

• Nor could he starve Naples out, since it was plentifully supplied with grain.

  出自： R. Graves

• Fruit trees took the place of grain fields.

  出自： attrib.

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

(a) grain(s) of

a little 一点点,一些

be〔go〕 against the grain

违反意愿be contrary to one's nature or inclination

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• bring in grain 把粮食收回
• buy grain 买粮,买谷物
• get grain 得到粮食
• grow grain 种植谷物
• need grain 需要粮食
• keep grain 保存粮食
• produce grain 生产粮食
• separate the grain from 脱粒,把谷粒同…分离

形容词+～

• different grain 个性不同的两兄弟
• the best-known grains 最普通的谷物
• wet grain 湿粮

名词+～

• rice grains 稻谷

～+名词

• grain base〔crops〕 粮食基地〔作物〕
• grain transport 粮食运输

介词+～

• be〔go〕 against the grain with sb 与某人格格不入,使某人反感
• self-sufficient in grain 粮食自给自足
• feed the horse on grain 用谷物喂马
• without a grain of common sense 一点常识也没有

～+介词

• a grain of 一点点,一小颗

词义辨析

n. (名词)

grain, corn

• 这两个词都有“谷物”“谷粒”的意思。其区别在于:
• 1.grain泛指“粮食作物”,也指“粒状物”; 而corn则可指“小麦、燕麦等的谷粒”。例如:
• China grows most of the grains the world knows.中国种植有世界上已知的大多数谷类作物。
• Corn includes such grains as wheat, barley and oats.谷物包括这几类,如小麦、大麦和燕麦等。
• 2.corn在英国与grain同义,在美国和澳大利亚只指“玉米”。例如:
• He grew a field of corn.他种了一片玉米。
• There are many feed grains in the house.那所房子里有许多饲料谷物。

corn，crop，grain

• 这些名词都有“谷物”之意。
• corn主要指大麦、小麦、燕麦、裸麦、玉蜀黍这5种谷物及其粒子。
• crop指谷物或果类等一年或一季的收成，也可指地里的农业作物或谷物。
• grain指稻、麦等谷类及其粒子。

molecule，atom，particle，speck，grain

• 这些名词均有“粒、微粒”之意。
• molecule指物质中保持原物质的一切化学性质，能独立存在的最小微粒，即分子。
• atom指元素的最小粒子，其体积比molecule小。
• particle指任何物质的微粒，引申指任何小的部分。
• speck一般指“微点”或“微粒”，可引申指“斑点、污点”。
• grain通常指能为肉眼清楚看到的颗粒，比上述几个词所表“粒”的体积大。

词源解说

• ☆ 1200年左右进入英语，直接源自古法语的grein；最初源自古典拉丁语的granum，意为种子。

近反义词

【近义词】

• bit
• seed plants
• wheat

【反义词】

• chaff
• stalks