function

英 ['fʌŋkʃn] 美 ['fʌŋkʃn]

• n. 职务；功能；函数；重大聚会；应变量，有相关关系者；取决于
• vi. 运行；起作用

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C][U]功能; 作用; 职责

   a natural or usual duty of a person or purpose of a thing

2. [C]函数; 与另一事物有密切关系的事物

   a value which varies as another value varies; a quality or fact which depends on and varies with another

3. [C]社交集会

   a public ceremony

v. (动词)

1. vi. 工作,运行,起作用

   work, operate

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 职务
2. 盛大的集会
3. 【数】函数
4. 职责
5. 功能
6. 作用
7. 宴会
8. 机能
9. 社交集会
10. 官能
11. 庆祝仪式
12. 集会
13. 【数】函数
14. 与其他因素有密切关系的事
15. 联欢
16. 大宴会
17. 场合

v. 动词

1. 运转
2. 运行
3. 起作用
4. 工作
5. 行使职责
6. 发挥作用
7. 做
8. 开下去
9. 办公
10. 顶用
11. 有效地进行
12. 尽职责
13. 有效用
14. 正常工作
15. 起…作用
16. 具有…功能
17. 活动
18. 起作用发挥机能
19. 当
20. 为…尽职
21. 担任工作（as）

英英释义

Noun:

1. (mathematics) a mathematical relation such that each element of a given set (the domain of the function) is associated with an element of another set (the range of the function)

2. what something is used for;

   "the function of an auger is to bore holes"
   "ballet is beautiful but what use is it?"
   

3. the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group;

   "the function of a teacher"
   "the government must do its part"
   "play its role"
   

4. a relation such that one thing is dependent on another;

   "height is a function of age"
   "price is a function of supply and demand"
   

5. a formal or official social gathering or ceremony;

   "it was a black-tie function"
   

6. a vaguely specified social event;

   "the party was quite an affair"
   "an occasion arranged to honor the president"
   "a seemingly endless round of social functions"
   

7. a set sequence of steps, part of larger computer program

Verb:

1. perform as expected when applied;

   "The washing machine won't go unless it's plugged in"
   "Does this old car still run well?"
   "This old radio doesn't work anymore"
   

2. serve a purpose, role, or function;

   "The tree stump serves as a table"
   "The female students served as a control group"
   "This table would serve very well"
   "His freedom served him well"
   "The table functions as a desk"
   

3. perform duties attached to a particular office or place or function;

   "His wife officiated as his private secretary"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. What is his function on the committee?
   他在委员会里担任什么职务?
2. The teacher did not explain its grammatical function.
   老师没有解释它的文法功能。
3. The function of the ear is to listen.
   耳的功能是听。
4. Periodic change imposed on a controlled variable or a function by a controller.
   通过控制器控制某一变量或函数进行周期性变化。
5. Heads of state attend numerous functions every year.
   国家首脑每年要出席很多重大宴会。
6. Price is a function of supply and demand.
   价格取决于供求关系的变化。

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

1. However, many system features and tasks will not function correctly.
   但是,许多系统功能和任务将无法正常运行。
2. A new tax and financial system was functioning effectively.
   新的财税体制有效运行。
3. During the reorganization,we should pay careful attention to selecting the key leaders of these sections so that the latter can function properly.
   调整时，还要注意选配好这些部门的领导骨干，发挥职能机构的作用。
4. He can't afford to pay the rent, so for now, his car will also function as his home.
   他付不起租金,所以目前他的车也当成他的家了。
5. During this mission, the command post is functioning prominently.
   此次任务中，指挥部的作用尤为突出。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. They have the functions and powers in their hands.
   他们手里掌握着职权。
2. The brain performs a very important function; it controls the nervous system of the body.
   大脑起一种非常重要的作用,它控制着身体的神经系统。
3. The function of the stomach is to digest food sufficiently to enable it to pass into the intestine.
   胃的功能是充分消化食物,以便让其进入肠道。
4. What functions can this machine?
   这部机器有哪些功能?
5. In x =5 y , x is a function of y .
   在x=5y中, x是y的函数。
6. The size of the crop is a function of the quality of the soil and the amount of rainfall.
   庄稼收获量的多少与土质和雨量有着密切的关系。
7. He first met her at a social function.
   他是在一次社交集会上首次遇见她的。

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. The phone didn't function at all.
   这电话根本不能用。
2. The machine will not function properly if it is not kept well-oiled.
   机器没有上好油,就不会顺利地运转。

经典引文

• The chief function of poetry is the criticism of life.

  出自： G. Murray

• The function of ice was to melt.

  出自： J. G. Cozzens

• The obsessional's habitual disgust with bodily functions, especially with those of excretion.

  出自： A. Storr

• The smooth..running of our centralised cashier function.

  出自：Times

• Finance is shaking off its grey, dowdy image. It is becoming a creative, dynamic function.

  出自：Marketing

• The wash-basin..had no plug, but the tap functioned.

  出自： A. Koestler

• Criticism..functioning as a mask for moral prejudice.

  出自： N. O. Brown

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

function as( v.+prep. )

担任,兼起作用fulfil the duty or purpose of
function as sth
An attributive noun functions as an adjective.

定语性名词起形容词作用。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• abuse one's function 滥用职权
• attend a function 出席社交聚会
• discharge one's function 尽职
• exercise〔fulfil〕 function 行使职责
• impair〔increase〕 the function 削弱〔提高〕功能
• perform〔serve〕 function 起作用

形容词+～

• civic〔governmental〕 function 公民〔政府〕的职责
• important function 重大作用
• leading function 主要职责
• organic function 器官的功能
• periodic function 周期函数
• primary function 首要任务
• public function 公务
• supreme function 至高无上的任务
• useful function 有益的作用
• vital function 生命机能

名词+～

• immunity function 免疫功能

～+名词

• function word 功能词

～+介词

• function of art 艺术的作用

词语用法

1. function作名词时，指正式的社交集会，常与at连用。

   He first met her at a social function.
   他在一次社交集会上第一次见到她。

2. function作名词，可以指人的“职责”或物的“功能”。

   The function of a policeman is to preserve law and order.
   警察的职责是维护法律和治安。

   The function of a clock is to tell the time.
   钟表的功能是报时。

词义辨析

n. (名词)

function, action, agency

• 这组词均可表示“作用”,其区别是：
• 1.action和agency指一物〔事〕对另一物〔事〕的作用; 而function指物体自身的作用。
• 2.action常从结果的角度着眼,而agency常从原因的角度着眼。
• 3.action和function是可数名词; 而agency是不可数名词,常用于短语by〔through〕 the agency of。
• 4.action是一般用词; agency和function是正式用词。

v. (动词)

function, operate, work

• 这三个词都有“功能”“作用”的意思。其区别在于： operate更强调成功大于结果; work暗示成功、有效; function暗示某物之目的、任务和结果。

duty，obligation，responsibility，function

• 这些名词都有“义务”或“职责”之意。
• duty指按道德和法律的标准，一个人永远要尽的义务，强调自觉性。
• obligation指道义上或法律上对他人的义务，强调强制性。也指因作出承诺而被迫履行的某种义务。
• responsibility指任何义务、职责、责任或职务上所应尽的本分，强调对他人的责任。
• function指因职务或职业关系去履行某种职责。

词源解说

• ☆ 16世纪30年代进入英语，直接源自中古法语的fonction；最初源自拉丁语的functio，意为成绩，执行。

近反义词

【近义词】

• duty
• role
• act

【反义词】

• malfunction 故障