draft

英 [drɑːft] 美 [dræft]

• n. 草稿；草图；汇票；征兵
• vt. 起草；征兵；选秀
• adj. 酝酿中的

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C]草稿,草案,草图

   the first rough written form of anything or a rough plan

2. [C]汇票

   a written order for money to be paid by a bank

3. [C]征募的士兵; 特遣队

   group of people chosen from a large group for a special purpose

v. (动词)

1. vt. 起草,画草图,草拟

   make a draft; compose; outline; sketch

2. vt. 选派,抽调

   choose (people) and send them somewhere for a special task

3. vt. 征募,征召…入伍

   conscript sb

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 牵引
2. 汇票
3. 一饮
4. 草稿，草图，草案
5. 气流
6. <美>通风，通风装置
7. <美>被征入伍者
8. 服用量
9. <美>选拔制度，选拔
10. 拉曳，拖
11. 选拔队，别动队，分遣队
12. 征兵
13. 敦请
14. 生啤酒

adj. 形容词

1. 拉车用的
2. 供役使的，役用的
3. 桶装的
4. 正在起草中的，草案的
5. 拖重物的
6. 粗略的，大致的，初步的
7. 从桶里汲的
8. 酝酿中的

v. 动词

1. 起草，拟定（方案），画（草稿，轮廓），草拟，拟稿
2. 选派，选拔（分遣队），抽调，挑选
3. 设计，绘制
4. 征集，征募
5. <美>征（兵）
6. 为...打样
7. 汲出
8. 在（石）上凿槽
9. 作…的工作计划
10. 把…拉掉，拉开，曳去
11. 脱去
12. 紧随前车行驶

英英释义

Noun:

1. a document ordering the payment of money; drawn by one person or bank on another

2. a current of air (usually coming into a chimney or room or vehicle)

3. a preliminary sketch of a design or picture

4. a serving of drink (usually alcoholic) drawn from a keg;

   "they served beer on draft"
   

5. any of the various versions in the development of a written work;

   "a preliminary draft"
   "the final draft of the constitution"
   

6. the depth of a vessel's keel below the surface (especially when loaded)

7. a regulator for controlling the flow of air in a fireplace

8. a dose of liquid medicine;

   "he took a sleeping draft"
   

9. compulsory military service

10. a large and hurried swallow;

    "he finished it at a single gulp"
    

11. the act of moving a load by drawing or pulling

Verb:

1. draw up an outline or sketch for something;

   "draft a speech"
   

2. engage somebody to enter the army

3. make a blueprint of

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. He drew a draft of the car.
   他画了一张汽车的草图。
2. He has drawn up the design draft.
   他拟订了设计草图。
3. He drew a draft on a pad then began his formal work.
   他在便笺簿上画了草图，然后就开始正式工作了。
4. I propose issuing a time draft for US $ 100,000.
   我建议开具价值10万美元的远期汇票。
5. That year's draft was the largest ever.
   那年的征兵规模最大。
6. Use of the draft as a form of punishment has struck a sour note in some quarters.
   将征兵作为一种惩罚手段的做法在一些地区引起了反感。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. Who will draft the indictment?
   谁将起草起诉状？
2. John was drafted into the Army last year.
   约翰去年被应征入伍。
3. There are very few players in the draft with his size, athleticism and skill set.
   选秀迟中像他这样尺寸的并拥有运动能力和技术的家伙可真不多。
4. Also, teams do not receive any compensatory draft picks for players not offered arbitration.
   还有就是，若原球队未提出薪资仲裁，则不会获得选秀时的补偿。

用作形容词 (adj.)

1. The Authority may suggest any other proposal it thinks fit for inclusion into the draft corporate plan.
   市建局可提议其认为适合包括在事务计划草案内的任何其他提案。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. They agreed on a draft resolution.
   他们商定一项决议草案。
2. I enclose herewith a draft for the sum of 100 dollars.
   兹附上100美元汇票一张。
3. That year's draft was the largest ever.
   那年的征兵规模最大。
4. The draft consists of those best qualified for the special assignment.
   这支特遣队由最适于执行这项特殊任务的人组成。

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. They sat down and drafted a letter to the local newspaper.
   他们坐下来,给当地的报纸草拟了一封信。
1
2. He was drafted last autumn by the Detroit Lions.
   他去年秋天被底特律雄狮队选作队员了。
3. All the men were drafted.
   男人们全都应征入伍了。

用作宾补动词

S+～+ n./pron. +as n.

1. He has been drafted as a soldier.
   他应征去当兵。

S+～+ n./pron. +to- v

1. They drafted her to serve as their delegate.
   他们选她当代表。

经典引文

• An ordinary swan or goose quill for the rough draft, and for his fair copy the crow quill.

  出自： R. West

• The original draft of the industrial policy White Paper had been pretty unsatisfactory.

  出自： B. Castle

• I volunteered for the army and got drafted into the Royal Corps of Signals.

  出自： E. J. Howard

• A practice match..with local builders drafted in as reinforcements.

  出自： G. Boycott

• With conscription still in effect..I was certain to be drafted.

  出自： N. Podhoretz

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

draft out (v.+adv.)

草拟,勾勒出make rough notes for sth; give a general idea of sth
draft sth ⇔ out
The government has drafted out its plan for future laws.

政府已草拟了未来法律的规划。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• accept〔honor〕 draft 承兑汇票
• avoid〔escape〕 draft 逃避兵役
• draw〔get〕 draft 开〔得到〕汇票
• finish〔revise〕 draft 完成〔修改〕草稿
• make out〔prepare〕 draft 准备草稿

形容词+～

• preliminary draft 初稿
• rough draft 粗略的草稿
• working draft 工作草图
• original draft 原稿
• the final draft 最后的修改稿
• the first draft 第一稿

名词+～

• bank draft 银行汇票
• demand draft 即期汇票
• manuscript draft 手稿

～+名词

• draft constitution 宪法草案

介词+～

• by draft 以汇票方式

～+介词

• a draft for machine 机器的草图
• a draft for speech 演讲的草稿
• a draft of peace treaty 和平条约的草案
• draft on 在…提取的汇票

用作动词 (v.)

副词+～

• draft out one's speech 起草发言稿

～+介词

• be drafted as a soldier 应征当兵
• draft men for the navy 征募海军兵员
• be drafted into the army 应征入伍

词语用法

1. draft与draght实际上属一个词，但是使用上有一些区别：当“支取款项”和“汇票”时，只能用draft。军队的“分遣”，“（打）草稿（或图）”等含义中，draft也比较常用。在其他常用的含义中，draft也更常用，draught是英国的用法；
2. draft表示“汇票”时，后面可接for或of再接款额，但是接for比较常用，如a draft for ￥300； draft表示“汇票”时，后面还可接on再接银行名，如a draft on the Bank of China。

v. (动词)

1. draft用作动词的基本意思是“起草,草拟,画草图”,也可作“选派,抽调”“征募,征召…入伍”解。
2. draft可接名词或代词作宾语,也可接以as短语或动词不定式充当宾语补足语的复合宾语。

词义辨析

draft，outline，diagram，plot，sketch，blueprint

• 这些词既可作动词也可作名词用，作动词时均有“绘制”之意；作名词时都含“草图”之意。
• draft用作动词时指按准确比例设计或打样；作名词时专指精确的草图或草案。
• outline主要给出事物要点或轮廓，强调简化了的整体。
• diagram侧重指用图形、图表等来说明。
• plot可与draft和diagram换用，但侧重于表示具体的点、面、部分或目标，从而使相互关系以及和整体的关系得以明确。
• sketch指用图、模型或语言描述来表示某一事物的整体情况。
• blueprint主要指绘制蓝图或制定纲领或规划。这个词引申用来指详细而具体的行动计划。

近反义词

【近义词】

• military service
• diagram
• induct
• sketch