disease

英 [dɪ'ziːz] 美 [dɪ'ziːz]

• n. 疾病
• v. 使…生病，感染

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [U][C]疾病,病患,(植物的)病害

   case of illness of the body, of the mind or of plants, caused by infection or internal disorder

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 疾病，病，不适
2. 弊病，弊端
3. 【植】病害
4. 不健全
5. <废>不安；烦恼
6. 病态
7. 变质，腐败
8. 身体失调；一般病痛

v. 动词

1. 使生病
2. 使不健全
3. 患病，感染，传染，（受病菌）侵染

英英释义

Noun:

1. an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. The disease is still in its primary stage.
   这疾病仍然在初发阶段。
2. The entire population was wiped out by the terrible disease.
   所有的居民都被可怕的疾病夺去了生命。
3. The rapid spread of the disease is alarming the medical authorities.
   这种疾病的迅速蔓延使医疗当局感到忧虑不安。
4. The treatment arrested the growth of the disease.
   治疗抑制了病情的发展。
5. He postulated that a cure for the disease will have been found by the year 2000.
   他推断到2000年能研究出治愈该病的方法。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. Disease is usually caused by germs.
   疾病通常是由病菌引起的。
2. He fought against the disease for a long time.
   他同疾病做了很长时间的斗争。
3. His health degenerated with disease and old age.
   他年老了,健康状况每况愈下。
4. The business of doctors is to prevent and cure disease.
   医生的职责是防病治病。
5. The doctor examined him but could find no sign of heart disease.
   医生给他做了检查,没有发现有心脏病的症状。
6. The disease may leave blemishes on his face.
   这种疾病可能会在他脸上留下疤痕。
7. He has done much research on the cause of this disease.
   他对这一疾病的起因做了很多研究。
8. The disease typically manifests itself in a high fever and chest pains.
   这种疾病的典型症状是发高烧和胸痛。
9. It is an adequate remedy for the disease.
   这是适宜诊疗此病的药方。
10. Measles, mumps and influenza are common diseases.
    麻疹、腮腺炎和流感是常见病。
11. Prejudice is a social disease.
    偏见是一种社会弊病。

经典引文

• The legions of Augustus melted away in disease and lassitude.

  出自： Gibbon

• Trichinosis..is obviously a common infection but a rare disease.

  出自：Scientific American

• He wold not disease hymself to heare a sermon.

  出自： J. Knox

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• breed disease 酿成疾病
• bring a disease under control 控制疾病
• carry disease 传染疾病
• catch a disease 得病
• cause disease 产生疾病
• come down with a disease 患病
• cure a disease 治愈疾病
• develop disease 得病
• prevent a disease 预防疾病
• produce disease of 产生…病
• spread disease 传播疾病
• stamp out disease 消灭疾病
• suffer from a disease 患病
• treat disease 治病
• wipe out disease 消灭疾病

形容词+～

• common disease 常见病
• cruel disease 痛苦的疾病
• dangerous disease 危险的病症
• mental disease 精神病
• nervous disease 神经病
• serious disease 重病
• terrible disease 可怕的病

名词+～

• foot-and-mouth disease (牛羊等的)口蹄疫
• heart disease 心脏病
• skin disease 皮肤病

介词+～

• danger of a disease 疾病的危险
• progress of a disease 病情的发展

～+介词

• disease in the chest 胸腔疾病
• disease of the liver 肝病

词语用法

n. (名词)

1. disease用作不可数名词时,是“疾病”的通称。disease用作可数名词时,指某种具体的疾病。
2. disease引申可指对社会、心理方面有害的,有破坏性的或不健康的状态。

词义辨析

n. (名词)

disease, illness, sickness

• 这组词都有“病”“疾病”的意思。其区别是：
• 1.disease泛指各种疾病,尤指传染病,遗传病和诸如心脏病、癌症等严重疾病; sickness多指晕船、恶心、胃病等方面的疾病或有关饮食方面的疾病; illness多指患病的状态及持续的时间,很可能是某种disease引起的,如不及时治疗,会导致严重的后果; sickness指各种身体上和感觉上一时的不适,病期最短,而disease病期最长。
• 2.disease多指具体的疾病, illness和sickness则通常表示抽象的疾病或生病状态。例如:
• This disease affects millions in the world every year.这种病每年都使世界上上百万人受到感染。
• The doctors broke through in their fight against heart disease.医生们在与心脏病作斗争方面有了新的突破。
• There has been a lot of illness in the family recently.最近以来这家人常生病。
• He was internally disturbed to hear of her illness.听说她病了,他内心很不安。
• Her savings have been eaten up by illness.她的积蓄因为生病全给用光了。
• The worker was absent owing to sickness.那个工人因病没来上班。

decease，disease

• 这两个单词的拼写仅有一个字母不同。
• decease／di'si: s／是“死亡”、“去世”；与death相比，decease是正式用语，常见于法律条文中。
• disease／di'zi:z／是“患病”、“疾病”。acute disease是“急性病”；chronic disease是“慢性病”； family disease是“遗传病”。

illness，sickness，disease，complaint

• 这些名词均有“疾病”之意。
• illness不具体指，而是泛指一切疾病，强调生病的时间或状态，语体较sickness正式一些。
• sickness较口语化，可与illness换用，但还可表示“恶心”。
• disease指具体的疾病，且通常较严重，发病时间也较长。
• complaint现代英语中，既可指症状，也可指疾病。

常见错误

n. (名词)

1. 你得了什么病?

   误 What is your disease?

   误 What is your illness〔sickness〕?

   正 What is your trouble?

   正 What is your complaint?

   析 医生问病人时,用What is your trouble〔complaint〕?较委婉,病人容易接受。

词源解说

• ☆ 14世纪初期进入英语，直接源自中古英语的disease；最初源自古法语的desaise，意为身体不适。

近反义词

【近义词】

• affliction
• complaint
• disorder
• illness
• infirmity
• malady
• sickness

【反义词】

• health 健康