common

英 ['kɒmən] 美 ['kɑːmən]

• adj. 常见的；共同的；普通的；平常的；平凡的；粗俗的
• n. 公地；平民；普通；公园

双解释义

adj. (形容词)

1. 普遍的,常见的

   usual or familiar happening or found often and in many place

2. 公有的,共有的,共同的

   shared by, done by or affecting two or more people

3. 一般的,平常的

   ordinary

详尽释义

adj. 形容词

1. 普通的，一般的，普遍的
2. 平常的，常见的，寻常的，通常的
3. 共同的，共有的
4. 平凡的
5. 粗俗的，庸俗的，粗鄙的
6. 公众的，公共的
7. 共享的
8. 共通的

n. 名词

1. 公地
2. 公共用地， 公有地
3. 学生公共食堂
4. （人、东西、地方等）共有 、公有
5. 与…相同
6. 共用权
7. 适于任何一种节日的礼仪
8. 固定经文曲，普通经文曲
9. 普通礼拜
10. 对别人土地或水域的使用权

adv. 副词

1. 普遍地，普通地

v. 动词

1. 宣布，发布

英英释义

Noun:

1. a piece of open land for recreational use in an urban area;

   "they went for a walk in the park"
   

Adjective:

1. belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public;

   "for the common good"
   "common lands are set aside for use by all members of a community"
   

2. having no special distinction or quality; widely known or commonly encountered; average or ordinary or usual;

   "the common man"
   "a common sailor"
   "the common cold"
   "a common nuisance"
   "followed common procedure"
   "it is common knowledge that she lives alone"
   "the common housefly"
   "a common brand of soap"
   

3. common to or shared by two or more parties;

   "a common friend"
   "the mutual interests of management and labor"
   

4. commonly encountered;

   "a common (or familiar) complaint"
   "the usual greeting"
   

5. being or characteristic of or appropriate to everyday language;

   "common parlance"
   "a vernacular term"
   "vernacular speakers"
   "the vulgar tongue of the masses"
   "the technical and vulgar names for an animal species"
   

6. of or associated with the great masses of people;

   "the common people in those days suffered greatly"
   "behavior that branded him as common"
   "his square plebeian nose"
   "a vulgar and objectionable person"
   "the unwashed masses"
   

7. of low or inferior quality or value;

   "of what coarse metal ye are molded"
   "produced...the common cloths used by the poorer population"
   

8. lacking refinement or cultivation or taste;

   "he had coarse manners but a first-rate mind"
   "behavior that branded him as common"
   "an untutored and uncouth human being"
   "an uncouth soldier--a real tough guy"
   "appealing to the vulgar taste for violence"
   "the vulgar display of the newly rich"
   

9. to be expected; standard;

   "common decency"
   

例句

用作形容词 (adj.)

1. Windmills are a common sight in Holland.
   风车是荷兰常见的景色。
2. We have common topics to talk about.
   我们有共同的话题可谈。
3. Common interests bind us together.
   共同的利益使我们结合在一起。
4. Smith is a common surname.
   史密斯是个很普通的姓。
5. It is not common for him to receive letters.
   他接信是不平常的。
6. Excellence is to do a common thing in an uncommon way.
   所谓优秀就是用不平凡的方法做平凡的事.
7. She thought he was very common and uneducated.
   她认为他很粗俗且无教养。

用作名词 (n.)

1. We went for a walk on the common.
   我们在公地上散步。
2. His parents were of the commons.
   他的父母是平民。
3. Extra shares of common will be sold publicly.
   额外的普通股份将公开出售。
4. They campaign nationally for the protection of commons, village greens and footpaths.
   他们在全国搞运动宣传保护城市公园、乡村绿地和人行小径。

常见句型

用作形容词 (adj.)

用作定语

～+ n.

1. It's a common word.
   这是一个常见的词。
2. This is a common saying.
   这是一句俗话。
3. This is in the common interest of the Third World.
   这是第三世界的共同利益。
4. Britain and America share a common language.
   英国和美国共用一种语言。
5. We must take care of the common property.
   我们必须爱护公物。
6. Whether we can succeed or not depends on our common efforts.
   我们能否成功取决于我们共同的努力。
7. Three is a common factor of 6,9 and 12. 3
   是6、9和12的公约数。
8. The nobles used to treat the common people with haughty contempt.
   贵族在过去惯于傲慢和轻蔑地对待平民。
9. Grass is a very common plant.
   草是一种很普通的植物。

用作表语

S+be+～

1. Rabbits and foxes are common.
   兔子和狐狸是常见的。
2. Snow is common in cold countries.
   在寒冷的国家,雪是常见的。
3. Automobile accidents are far too common.
   汽车事故太常见了。

S+be+～+ prep .-phrase

1. Contractions are much more common in speech than in writing.
   缩略词在口语里比在书写中常见得多。
2. Poverty, disease and crime are common in the slums.
   贫穷、疾病与罪恶在贫民区里到处可见。
3. Certain desires are common to all men.
   某些欲望对所有的人是共有的。

经典引文

• Faults common to both Parties.

  出自： Addison

• Weeping to each other in common grief.

  出自： H. E. Bates

常用短语

用作形容词 (adj.)

common as an old shoe

平易近人的,虚怀若谷的 easy closed

common ground

共同利益〔信念〕 general interest or faith

common knowledge

人所共知的事 general knowledge

common sense

普通的见识,常识 general sense

common touch

平易近人的,亲近和睦的 easy closed

词汇搭配

用作形容词 (adj.)

～+名词

• common cup 公用杯子
• common error among scholars 学者们常犯的错误
• common ground (利益与观念上的)共同基础
• common market 共同市场
• common people 平民,大众
• common property 公共财产
• common revolutionary goal 共同的革命目标

副词+～

• less common 不普遍
• quite common 相当普通的

～+介词

• common among 在…很常见
• common between 两者共有之处
• common with 与…共有的

词语用法

1. common一般解释为“平常的”，偶尔可表示“低劣的”，“粗俗的”，所以在应用中应避免产生误解。

   This is common furniture.

2. common sense，common knowledge和general knowledge的比较：common sense意为“常识”，通常指从经验得来的，多数人都知道的。common knowledge则是在一定范围例大家都知道的事情。 general knowledge意为“研究得来的，许多事情的常识”，反义词是specialized knowledge（专业知识）；

   It is common knowledge (among the teachers) that they will soon have a new headmaster.

3. general knowledge test意思是“常识测试”；
4. common sense只在作形容词时，可写作common-sense。

adj. (形容词)

1. common的基本意思是“普遍的”“共有的”“共同的”,主要指因许多人〔物〕所共同具有或使用而常见,引申可表示“一般的”“平常的”,指普通、无特别之处,有时含有低劣粗俗之意。
2. common在句中常用作定语,也可用作表语，其后可接介词to。
3. common在句中修饰不可数名词时,前面不能加不定冠词。

词义辨析

adj. (形容词)

common, general, normal, ordinary

• 这四个词都有“普通的”“常见的”意思。其区别是：
• common强调许多事物具有某种共同点而“不足为奇”; general指普遍于大多数人或事物中,有“较少例外”的含义; normal形容人或物“符合常态或常规”; ordinary指与一般事物的性质标准相同,强调“平常”而无奇特之处。例如:
• Colds are common in winter.
• 感冒在冬天很常见。
• This is a matter of general interest.
• 这是人们普遍感兴趣的问题。
• A normal heart beats around seventy-six times a minute.
• 正常的心脏每分钟跳动76次左右。
• He worked neither for fame nor fortune and always fought at his ordinary post.
• 他不为名、不为利,始终战斗在平凡的 岗位上。

common, joint, mutual, reciprocal

• mutual与reciprocal通常用在正式文体或技术术语中, reciprocal比mutual普通,可指人或群体间的相互、共同; common指两人、多人共用的、共同享有的; joint通常指双方共有的,联合的。

common, universal, usual

• 这三个词都有“平常的”“常见的”意思。其区别是：
• common用于物指“不稀奇”“很平常”,用于人指“没有职位”“不高贵”; universal指对所有的人或所有事物都适用,没有例外; usual指“经常的”“惯用的”,强调习惯性的、符合规章制度的或一贯如此的。例如:
• He wasn't hero but just a common man.
• 他不是个英雄而是一个平常人。
• Overpopulation is a universal problem.
• 人口过剩是个普遍的问题。
• Playing chess is his usual pastime.
• 他经常用下棋来打发时间。

common，ordinary，commonplace，general，usual，popular，universal

• 这些形容词均含有“普通的，普遍的”之意。
• common多用于指物，侧重很常见，不稀奇。
• ordinary用于物，指每天发生，十分平淡无奇；用于人，指无特别之处，很一般。
• commonplace强调缺少新意。
• general语气强于common，侧重大多如此，很少有例外情况。
• usual指常见常闻和常做的事或举动，强调惯常性。
• popular指适应大众爱好、需要，为大家所公认或接受。
• universal与general同义，但语气较强，侧重对每个人或事物都适用，根本没有例外。

mutual，common，joint，reciprocal

• 这些形容词均含“共同的、相互的”之意。
• mutual着重彼此共有或共享，局限于双方的关系。
• common侧重两人或多人共有共同，但不暗示彼此间存在的等价关系。
• joint强调至少两人或两方共同占用，侧重指一个统一体。
• reciprocal着重互惠，有来有往。

常见错误

adj. (形容词)

1. 司机在开车时睡觉是很常见的。

   误 It is quite common that motorists fall asleep while driving.

   正 It is quite common for motorists to fall asleep while driving.

   析 在common之后不可用that引导的从句。

词源解说

• ☆ 1300年左右进入英语，直接源自古法语的comun；最初源自拉丁语的communis，意为属于大众的，普遍的。

近反义词

【近义词】

• accepted
• average
• coarse
• collective
• commonplace
• flat
• frequent
• general
• usual
• vulgar

【反义词】

• noteworthy
• uncommon