circumstance

英 ['sɜːkəmstəns] 美 ['sɜːrkəmstæns]

• n. 环境；详情；事件；(复数)境况

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [P]环境,条件,情况

   the combination of facts, or events that influence one's action, regarded as being outside one's control

2. [P]境遇,经济状况

   a fact, condition, or event concerned with and influencing another event, person, or course of action

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 环境
2. 境遇
3. 境况
4. 命运
5. 情况
6. 经济状况
7. 事实
8. 详情
9. 细节
10. 仪式
11. 条件
12. 事件
13. 事项
14. 状况
15. 客观环境
16. 情形

v. 动词

1. 把…置于某种情况下

英英释义

Noun:

1. a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity

2. the set of facts or circumstances that surround a situation or event;

   "the historical context"
   

3. information that should be kept in mind when making a decision;

   "another consideration is the time it would take"
   

4. formal ceremony about important occasions;

   "pomp and circumstance"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. He was forced by the circumstances to do this.
   他做此事是为环境所迫。
2. The choice of technique is, therefore, a matter of preference, and in some cases circumstance.
   因此,技术的选择是偏好的问题,在某些情况下也与环境有关。
3. I cannot recollect the exact circumstance.
   我总是想不起确实的情况。
4. Your arrival was a fortunate circumstance.
   你的到来是命中注定的。
5. Due to circumstances beyond our control the lecture was cancelled.
   由于无法控制的情况，讲座取消了。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. You should act according to circumstances.
   你要随机应变。
2. He lives in poor circumstances.
   他生活在贫困的环境中。
3. We can't judge what he did until we know all the circumstances.
   直到了解了所有的情况,我们才能对他的行为作出判断。
4. Force of circumstance compelled us to close the business.
   环境的压力迫使我们把公司关了。
5. The missing of the document was a grave circumstance.
   遗失了这份文件是个严重事件。
6. Under no circumstances must you leave the house.
   你无论如何也不能离开这屋子。

经典引文

• We have nought but circumstances To charge her with, about her husband's death.

  出自： J. Webster

• Who found himself in circumstances to which he was unequal.

  出自： J. A. Froude

• A soldier has to change his mind when circumstances demand it.

  出自： L. P. Hartley

• That men should die was a matter of necessity; which men should die, though, was a matter of circumstance.

  出自： J. Heller

• When I next saw her, it was under entirely different circumstances.

  出自： J. Barth

• Ernestina..was..a victim of circumstances.

  出自： J. Fowles

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• consider〔omit〕 a circumstance 考虑〔遗漏〕一种情况
• describe〔detail, explain〕 the circumstances 说明情况
• fit the circumstances 符合情况

形容词+～

• any circumstances 任何情况
• complicated circumstances 复杂的情况
• difficult circumstances 艰苦的环境
• financial circumstance 经济状况

名词+～

• family circumstances 家境

介词+～

• according to circumstances 视情况而定
• in easy circumstances 舒适
• in needy circumstances 穷困
• in no circumstances 决不,无论如何也不
• in present circumstances 在目前的情况下
• under the circumstances 在这种情况下

～+介词

• circumstances of the dispute〔quarrel〕 争论〔争吵〕的情况

词义辨析

n. (名词)

circumstance, condition, situation, state

• 这四个词都有“情况,状态,条件,状况”的意思。其区别在于:state是普通用语,指“情况,状态”,其存在形式并不是具体事物; situation指危急或重大的事态,侧重“事态”,也指“职位,职业”; condition和state相比意义较狭隘,指在思考中的事物的状态,“环境”所影响的“情况”,特指事物内部的条件和状态,用复数时指比较一般、笼统的情况,侧重于“状况”; circumstance指某种事件或动作发生时的情况,一般都用复数形式。例如:
• The country is in a troubled state.这个国家处于紊乱的状态中。
• Measures must be taken to meet this situation.必须设法应付这个局面。
• He is applying for a situation.他正在请求得到一个位置。
• The oranges may soon rot under present conditions.橘子在目前的状态下会很快腐烂的。
• I don't remember all the circumstances of the quarrel.我不记得争吵的所有情况。

circumstance, environment, surroundings

• 这三个词都可以表示“环境”。circumstance常用复数,指和某行动或某件事有关的客观环境和条件,如时间、地点等; environment一般用单数,不用复数,指某人或某物周围的,并对人或物有影响的环境、条件,可以指精神的(如注重道德的环境),也可指物质的(如工作环境),也可以指自然环境(如空气、水、土等),或指人为的环境条件(如经济环境); surroundings只用复数,指某人周围的事物或环境,这些事物与环境对他的思想、感情、修养有一定的影响。

condition，state，status，situation，circumstance

• 这些名词均有“状况、情况”之意。
• condition一般强调产生影响的原因或环境，复数形式指笼统的情况。
• state普通用词，指人或物在环境、外表、心灵以及健康方面的状况，或指在某一阶段的状态或形式。
• status指一个人在政治、社会、经济、法律上的地位或身份，暗含地位显要意味。也可用于指政治等事态的状况。
• situation指明确具体的环境情况或处境。
• circumstance多指周围的情况或某事发生时的情况。

近反义词

【近义词】

• condition
• environment
• surrounding